L17 The Mobile Revolution
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The mobile phone has become the most ubiquitous computing device in the world, surpassing other technologies like computers, televisions, and landline phones. The document traces the evolution of mobile phones from the early analog systems of the 1970s and 1980s to the digital 2G networks of the 1990s and 3G networks that enabled internet access in the 2000s. The introduction of the iPhone in 2007 is described as a major turning point that established touchscreens and app stores as the dominant design of smartphones, fueling unprecedented growth in mobile applications and transforming how people use mobile devices.
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L17 The Mobile Revolution
- 1. Lecture L17 THE MOBILE REVOLUTION
- 4. Why is the mobile phone so important to us? Q1
- 5. 400M daily circulations of all newspapers 800M registered cars 900M total cable/satellite TV subscribers 1.1B of all types of computers (PC, netbooks...) 1.2B total landline phones 1.5B total TV sets 1.7B total unique holders of credit cards 2.1B total unique holders of bank accounts 3.9B total FM radios in use
- 6. Mobile Phones 7.4billion connections worth $1.3 trillion/year https://gsmaintelligence.com/
- 7. There are more mobile phones in the world than there are toothbrushes Mobile Phones
- 8. Will grow to 8 billion phones in the next few years Image: Nokia Mobile Phones
- 9. Why is the mobile phone so important to us? Q1
- 11. Survival
- 12. In 2011, there were 48 million people in the world who have a mobile phone but do not have electricity at home Mobile Phones provide safety Cisco, January 2011
- 13. The Digital Revolution The enabling technologies
- 14. Early Systems The First Cell phone (1973) Name: Motorola Dyna-‐Tac Size: 9 x 5 x 1.75 inches Weight: 2.5 pounds Display: None Number of Circuit Boards: 30 Talk time: 35 minutes Recharge Time: 10 hours Features: Talk, listen, dial
- 15. Microchip Digital Signal Processor Mobile phones became practical in the 1980s Technical Improvements
- 16. Cellular Networks Radio network made up of radio cells Tower and base
- 17. Base stations connect to Mobile Telephone Switching Office MTSO SID – System identification Code SIM-cards Cellular Networks
- 18. Handoff Calls are automatically moved from one cell to the next MTSO controls the switch Roaming Connecting from one phone company to another Cellular Networks
- 19. Lessons Learned: Cellular Phones ▪ Mobile phones provide safety ▪ The most common device of all ▪ Mobile phones are not practical until 1980s due to size of technology – Adjacent Possible ▪ The invention of the microchip played crucial role in the development of cell phones
- 21. 1G Analog
- 22. 1G Analog 1980s Voice only NMT, AMPS, FDMA
- 23. Early systems were in Bahrain, US, Japan and in the Nordic countries First international system was NMT in the Nordic Frequency Division Multiple Access - FDMA 1G Analog
- 24. Q2 When the first mobile phones become possible, how does the market evolve?
- 25. NMT in Nordics AMPS in the US TACS in UK C-Nets in West Germany Radiocom 2000 in France RTMI/RTMS in Italy 1G Analog
- 26. Q3 What are the characteristics of the first mobile phones and who where the users?
- 27. Big Expensive Limited Characteristics Business users Field users Mobira Talkman frá Nokia 1G Analog Early users
- 29. Q4 Early on multiple system were developed all over Europe. What was the problem with that?
- 30. Multiple standards – roaming is a problem In the US this is not a problem 1G Analog
- 31. European countries decide to define common standard – digital Work on a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) starts 1982 1G Analog
- 32. 2G Digital
- 33. 1990s Voice and data 9.6 – 14.4 Kbps GSM, TDMA Downloading 3 min. MP3 song: 31-41 min. 2G Digital
- 34. Digital mobile phones appear in early 90s GMS takes off in 1991 – unites Europe Time Division Multiple Access – TDMA 2G Digital
- 35. Copyright © 2011, Ólafur Andri Ragnarsson Q5 US is slow to adopt 2G, why?
- 36. US was slow in adopting 2G because roaming worked well Digital did not add enough over analog Texting and SIM cards was not known 2G Digital
- 37. GMS
- 38. Global System for Mobile Communication Built on TDMA – Digital Three times the capacity of analog, encryption, texting, SIM cards GMS
- 39. GMS GSM association has 800 networks in 220 countries
- 40. Texting Short Message System allowed 160 letters Became an accidental killer app – messages, chat, ring tones First message sent 03.12.1992: “Merry Christmas”
- 41. Lessons Learned: Cellular Phones ▪ Cars became the first platform for phones ▪ First phones are analog ▪ Multiple standard – each country invents its own – Problem with standards (history repeats itself?) ▪ Roaming problems in Europe call for a standard ▪ Digital standard developed in Europe, G2 ▪ US does not have roaming problems and gets stuck in G1
- 42. 3G
- 43. Mobile networks and the Internet start to converge 1G and 2G are circuit switched – fine for voice The Internet is packet-switched 3G
- 44. 3G Packet Switching IMT – 2000 was a global standard for 3G mobile communications defined in mid-1990s Goals: Available 2000 Data rage 2000 kbps Frequencies in the 2000 Mhz region
- 45. 2000s More data 128+ Kbps GPSR, EDGE, UMTS, CDMA Downloading 3 min. MP3 song: 11 sec. – 1,5 min. 3G Packet Switching
- 46. More bandwidth, more applications Email, Images, music, movies, streaming Based on Code Division Multiple Access – CDMA 3G Packet Switching
- 54. 3G Solutions Messages Browsing Apps (J2ME)
- 55. Built with limitations Screen size, bandwidth restrictions Input limited – one-handed keyboard Limited memory, battery life Fragmentation nightmare 3G Solutions
- 56. Then, in 2007, the world changed
- 58. Copyright © 2011, Ólafur Andri Ragnarsson
- 59. How does the competition respond? Think about The Arrogance of the Present
- 61. iPhone hit the market in June 2007
- 63. Ok, let’s check the facts five years later
- 65. Copyright © 2011, Ólafur Andri Ragnarsson The iPhone Effect
- 66. Touch screen
- 70. 85 billion apps downloaded (Oct 14)
- 71. App market revenue is estimated to hit $77 billion by 2017
- 74. Source: Mary Meeker Slide Deck Smartphone Market
- 76. iPhone
- 77. The App Store is to the iPhone what iTunes is to the iPod Google Play is the same Availability
- 78. Specialized Apps with Quality of Service – Innovation Context
- 79. Mobile media users pick up their phone 18 times a day to consume content via apps/ browser
- 88. Key Trends Mobile became important in 2010 and will be a revenue opportunity going forward
- 89. Source: Morgan Stanley Mobile vs. Desktop
- 90. Source: Morgan Stanley Mobile vs. Desktop
- 91. Any consumer business that ignores the smartphone, will likely become irrelevant Source: Heavy Reading Smartphones
- 93. Bandwidth on 3G mobile networks is growing by approximately 400% annually Source: Heavy Reading Smartphones
- 94. Source: Skynews Smartphones How long does it take to download a HD movie 3G - 1 hour 4G - 40 seconds 5G - 1 second
- 95. Cameron Says UK And Germany To Work On 5G, Internet Of Things
- 96. Solutions Voice, text Apps, music, videos,
- 97. Worldwide tablet sales are predicted to grow by more than 400% over a two-year period, reaching 81.3 million units in 2012. Tablets
- 99. The “mobile web” is just the web – there is only one web. It’s just displayed in multiple of screen sizes Source: The Next Big Thing: Mobile, http://www.olafurandri.com/?p=408
- 101. Apple Watch Can they do it again? Is Apple transforming as a company? Will US based Tech Companies disrupt the century old watch industry?
- 102. NEXT: SOCIAL