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Literary terms

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The document defines key literary terms like setting, characters, point of view, plot, and theme. It then analyzes these elements in an excerpt from The Hunger Games, summarizing the dystopian society depicted and themes explored around oppression, violence for entertainment, and humanity in survival situations. Key questions raised include whether reality TV has gone too far, if violence desensitizes us, and when rebellion is necessary.

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What do the following terms mean? • Setting • Characters • Point of view • Plot • Theme
Look for the following in the clip: • Setting • Characters • Point of view • Plot • Theme
SETTING: • The physical world where the story takes place; • the time of the action, including historical circumstances. • The customs and beliefs of the time and place
In this first clip, what is the Setting? • Where? • When? • What is the Situation?
What is a character?
In literature, there are two types of characters: • Simple or “Flat” characters. • Complex or “Round” characters
• Simple characters have only one or two personality traits and are easily recognizable as stereotypes—the nagging wife, the lazy husband, the rebellious teen, etc. • Complex characters have multiple personality traits and therefore resemble real people. They are much harder to understand and describe than simple characters.
Are the following characters from the first clip simple or complex?
FLAT CHARACTER- He’s defined by his job. We don’t see what is life is like when he goes home, or hear what he thinks about or know what he feels. • Caesar Flickerman – Can you think of any real-life reality show hosts like him?
This character is totally made-up for the movie • This guy’s not in the book. • He’s referred to in later books. • In the movie, he’s the Head Gamemaker
Point of view. • Who’s point of view is the story told from? • How do we relate to this character differently from the others?
What is the plot? – Situation – Conflict – Struggle – Outcome – Meaning
What is the plot? • Setting – Situation • Characters – Conflict • Plot is what happens to the characters. – Struggle – Outcome – Meaning • Meaning is the Theme
What’s the theme? • Theme is the meaning of the narrative. What questions does the text raise and what answers does the author suggest for those questions? – Some questions that might be raised by a text: • What is human nature? • Are people mostly good, or mostly evil? • What’s more important in life—love or money? • What is the cause of injustice in society?
I want to look at the theme of dystopia • What questions is the author raising by making up this game?
The rules of the Hunger Games “The rules of the Hunger Games are simple. In punishment for the uprising, each of the twelve districts must provide one girl and one boy, called tributes, to participate. The twenty four tributes will be imprisoned in a vast outdoor arena that could hold anything from a burning desert to a frozen wasteland. Over a period of several weeks, the competitors must fight to the death. The last tribute standing wins. “ (p 18)
Why does the Capitol make this rule? “Taking the kids from our districts, forcing them to kill one another while we watch—this is the Capitol’s way of reminding us how totally we are at their mercy. How little chance we would stand of surviving another rebellion. Whatever words they use, the real message is clear. “Look how we take your children and sacrifice them and there’s nothing you can do. If you lift a finger, we will destroy every last one of you. Just as we did in District Thirteen.” (p 18-19)
Rule #2 “To make it humiliating as well as torturous, the Capitol requires us to treat the Hunger Games as a festivity, a sporting event pitting every district against the others. The last tribute alive receives a life of ease back home, and their district will be showered with prizes, largely consisting of food. All year, the Capitol will show the winning district gifts of grain and oil and even delicacies like sugar while the rest of us battle starvation.” (p 19)
How does this rule oppress? • Pitting one district against another • Pitting members of the district against one another • Betraying your own feeelings (not human)
Rule #3 “The reaping system is unfair, with the poor getting the worst of it. You become eligible for the reaping the day you turn twelve. That year, your name is entered once. At thirteen, twice. And so on and so on until you reach the age of eighteen, the final year of eligibility, when your name goes into the pool seven times. That’s true for every citizen in all twelve districts in the entire country of Panem.” (p 13)
Rule #3 • Kids are impressionable • Kids are hungryextra energy • Kids need parents/role models/ security • unnatural
Rule #4 “But here’s the catch. Say you are poor and starving as we were. You can opt to add your name more times in exchange for tesserae. Each tessera is worth a meager year’s supply of grain and oil for one person. You may do this for each of your family members as well…. And even though the rules were set up by the Capitol, not the districts […] It’s hard not to resent those who don’t have to sign up for tesserae.” (p 13)
How does the rule oppress? “On other days, deep in the woods, I’ve listened to him rant about how the tesserae are just another tool to cause misery in our district. A way to plant hatred between the starving workers of the Seam and those who can generally count on supper and thereby ensure we will never trust one another. ‘It’s to the Capitol’s advantage to have us divided among ourselves,’ he might say if there were no ears to hear but mine.” (p 13)
Themes/ interesting questions Suzanne Collins was trying to answer with The Hunger Games: • Can TV make the real world worse though depiction of drama? Could it make the world better? • Is high school too violent? • Should you be happy when another team/army/opponent loses?
As we continue with the movie clips, think about the following questions: • Is Panem realistic? Do you think we will ever have a Hunger Games in real life?
Utopia • An author identifies a problem in our world today and imagines a different society where they have solved the problem
What are problems in today’s society? • Police brutality • Stalking • Hunger • Drugs • Homelessness ( a world where work is equally valued)
Dystopia • An author identifies a problem in our world today and imagines a society where the problem is exaggerated and magnified. • It makes you pay attention to that problem in the present day
Themes of dystopian stories: • What is the best form of government? • What’s more important: freedom or security? • What’s more important: being yourself or taking care of others? • Does technology make our lives better or worse? • Is our entertainment too violent? Does it desensitize viewers?
Themes of The Hunger Games: • Reality tv: – Does reality tv go too far? – Are we too obsessed with the lives of celebrities? – Is it wrong of us to enjoy watching real people endure fights, drama, humiliation, and/or danger on reality tv?
Desensitization to violence: • Is it wrong to enjoy violent entertainment? • Can you imagine watching a fight-to-the-death game show on live television? • Is our society so desensitized to violence that we would ever allow something like that to go on? • And would you watch it if The Hunger Games was a real show?
Rebellion • When is rebellion necessary? • Would you risk your safety and maybe your life to stand up against something you thought was wrong?
Love and friendship • Do love and friendship get in the way of your individual goals and survival, or do they help us live?
Survival • How far would you be willing to go to survive? • Are there any lines that you wouldn’t cross, things you wouldn’t do to keep yourself alive?
Humanity • If you had to choose between your own survival and doing something horrific and violent, what would you do? • Why do some people respond to life and death situations with humanity and compassion while other people become more selfish and inhumane?

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Literary terms

  • 1. What do the following terms mean? • Setting • Characters • Point of view • Plot • Theme
  • 2. Look for the following in the clip: • Setting • Characters • Point of view • Plot • Theme
  • 3. SETTING: • The physical world where the story takes place; • the time of the action, including historical circumstances. • The customs and beliefs of the time and place
  • 4. In this first clip, what is the Setting? • Where? • When? • What is the Situation?
  • 5. What is a character?
  • 6. In literature, there are two types of characters: • Simple or “Flat” characters. • Complex or “Round” characters
  • 7. • Simple characters have only one or two personality traits and are easily recognizable as stereotypes—the nagging wife, the lazy husband, the rebellious teen, etc. • Complex characters have multiple personality traits and therefore resemble real people. They are much harder to understand and describe than simple characters.
  • 8. Are the following characters from the first clip simple or complex?
  • 9. FLAT CHARACTER- He’s defined by his job. We don’t see what is life is like when he goes home, or hear what he thinks about or know what he feels. • Caesar Flickerman – Can you think of any real-life reality show hosts like him?
  • 10. This character is totally made-up for the movie • This guy’s not in the book. • He’s referred to in later books. • In the movie, he’s the Head Gamemaker
  • 11. Point of view. • Who’s point of view is the story told from? • How do we relate to this character differently from the others?
  • 12. What is the plot? – Situation – Conflict – Struggle – Outcome – Meaning
  • 13. What is the plot? • Setting – Situation • Characters – Conflict • Plot is what happens to the characters. – Struggle – Outcome – Meaning • Meaning is the Theme
  • 14. What’s the theme? • Theme is the meaning of the narrative. What questions does the text raise and what answers does the author suggest for those questions? – Some questions that might be raised by a text: • What is human nature? • Are people mostly good, or mostly evil? • What’s more important in life—love or money? • What is the cause of injustice in society?
  • 15. I want to look at the theme of dystopia • What questions is the author raising by making up this game?
  • 16. The rules of the Hunger Games “The rules of the Hunger Games are simple. In punishment for the uprising, each of the twelve districts must provide one girl and one boy, called tributes, to participate. The twenty four tributes will be imprisoned in a vast outdoor arena that could hold anything from a burning desert to a frozen wasteland. Over a period of several weeks, the competitors must fight to the death. The last tribute standing wins. “ (p 18)
  • 17. Why does the Capitol make this rule? “Taking the kids from our districts, forcing them to kill one another while we watch—this is the Capitol’s way of reminding us how totally we are at their mercy. How little chance we would stand of surviving another rebellion. Whatever words they use, the real message is clear. “Look how we take your children and sacrifice them and there’s nothing you can do. If you lift a finger, we will destroy every last one of you. Just as we did in District Thirteen.” (p 18-19)
  • 18. Rule #2 “To make it humiliating as well as torturous, the Capitol requires us to treat the Hunger Games as a festivity, a sporting event pitting every district against the others. The last tribute alive receives a life of ease back home, and their district will be showered with prizes, largely consisting of food. All year, the Capitol will show the winning district gifts of grain and oil and even delicacies like sugar while the rest of us battle starvation.” (p 19)
  • 19. How does this rule oppress? • Pitting one district against another • Pitting members of the district against one another • Betraying your own feeelings (not human)
  • 20. Rule #3 “The reaping system is unfair, with the poor getting the worst of it. You become eligible for the reaping the day you turn twelve. That year, your name is entered once. At thirteen, twice. And so on and so on until you reach the age of eighteen, the final year of eligibility, when your name goes into the pool seven times. That’s true for every citizen in all twelve districts in the entire country of Panem.” (p 13)
  • 21. Rule #3 • Kids are impressionable • Kids are hungryextra energy • Kids need parents/role models/ security • unnatural
  • 22. Rule #4 “But here’s the catch. Say you are poor and starving as we were. You can opt to add your name more times in exchange for tesserae. Each tessera is worth a meager year’s supply of grain and oil for one person. You may do this for each of your family members as well…. And even though the rules were set up by the Capitol, not the districts […] It’s hard not to resent those who don’t have to sign up for tesserae.” (p 13)
  • 23. How does the rule oppress? “On other days, deep in the woods, I’ve listened to him rant about how the tesserae are just another tool to cause misery in our district. A way to plant hatred between the starving workers of the Seam and those who can generally count on supper and thereby ensure we will never trust one another. ‘It’s to the Capitol’s advantage to have us divided among ourselves,’ he might say if there were no ears to hear but mine.” (p 13)
  • 24. Themes/ interesting questions Suzanne Collins was trying to answer with The Hunger Games: • Can TV make the real world worse though depiction of drama? Could it make the world better? • Is high school too violent? • Should you be happy when another team/army/opponent loses?
  • 25. As we continue with the movie clips, think about the following questions: • Is Panem realistic? Do you think we will ever have a Hunger Games in real life?
  • 26. Utopia • An author identifies a problem in our world today and imagines a different society where they have solved the problem
  • 27. What are problems in today’s society? • Police brutality • Stalking • Hunger • Drugs • Homelessness ( a world where work is equally valued)
  • 28. Dystopia • An author identifies a problem in our world today and imagines a society where the problem is exaggerated and magnified. • It makes you pay attention to that problem in the present day
  • 29. Themes of dystopian stories: • What is the best form of government? • What’s more important: freedom or security? • What’s more important: being yourself or taking care of others? • Does technology make our lives better or worse? • Is our entertainment too violent? Does it desensitize viewers?
  • 30. Themes of The Hunger Games: • Reality tv: – Does reality tv go too far? – Are we too obsessed with the lives of celebrities? – Is it wrong of us to enjoy watching real people endure fights, drama, humiliation, and/or danger on reality tv?
  • 31. Desensitization to violence: • Is it wrong to enjoy violent entertainment? • Can you imagine watching a fight-to-the-death game show on live television? • Is our society so desensitized to violence that we would ever allow something like that to go on? • And would you watch it if The Hunger Games was a real show?
  • 32. Rebellion • When is rebellion necessary? • Would you risk your safety and maybe your life to stand up against something you thought was wrong?
  • 33. Love and friendship • Do love and friendship get in the way of your individual goals and survival, or do they help us live?
  • 34. Survival • How far would you be willing to go to survive? • Are there any lines that you wouldn’t cross, things you wouldn’t do to keep yourself alive?
  • 35. Humanity • If you had to choose between your own survival and doing something horrific and violent, what would you do? • Why do some people respond to life and death situations with humanity and compassion while other people become more selfish and inhumane?

Editor's Notes

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  2. Watch until 28:00