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METAL

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WHAT IS METAL? TYPES OF METAL IN DETAIL CLASSIFICATION PROPERTIES ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE USES

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METAL
1. SMIT DIHORA 2. MIHIR BHIMANI 3. ISHA GANDHI 4. MADHVI KEVADIYA 5. JANVI DESAI 6. DHRUVI DESAI 7. DHRUVIN KACHHADIYA 8. RAHUL PANSHERIYA
WHAT IS METAL? • A Metal is a material that is typically hard, opaque, shiny, and has Good electrical and Thermal conductivity.
PROPERTIES OF METAL • Hard • High Density • High Tensile Strength • High Melting point and boiling point • Good Conductors of Heat and Electricity. • Most metals are also solid at room temperature, but one Metal i.e. Mercury (hg) is liquid at room temperature.
CLASSIFICATION OF METAL Metals are Classified into Two types :- 1:- Ferrous Metal 2:- Non Ferrous Metal
FERROUS METAL • The metals in which iron is the principal element is known as Ferrous Metal. These are directly attracted by magnets. • Eg : Cast iron ,wrought iron ,steel etc.
NON-FERROUS METAL • The metals which does not contain iron is called Non-Ferrous Metals. • Eg : copper, Aluminium ,Tin ,Lead.
• Both ferrous and non-ferrous metals are divided into PURE METALS and ALLOYS. • A PURE METAL is an element - eg iron, copper, gold - unalloyed with another substance. • An ALLOY is a mixture of two or more elements to make another metal with particular properties.
TYPES OF METAL FERROUS METAL NON FERROUS METAL 1. STEEL 1. ALUMINIUM 2. MILD STEEL 2. COPPER 3. STAINLESS STEEL 3. BRASS 4. IRON 4. LEAD 5. CAST IRON 5. ZINC 6. WROUGHT IRON 6. TIN 7. TITANIUM
NON FERROUS METAL
ALUMINIUM • Aluminium is a silvery-white metal. • One surprising fact about Aluminium is that it’s the most wide spread metal on Earth making up more than 8% of the Earth’s core mass.
PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM • Corrosion resistant • Electrical and Thermal Conducitivity • Reflectitvity • Ductility • Recyclability • Soft, • Lightweight, • Fire-proof • Heat-resistant
 USES OF ALUMINIUM:- • In Packaging of cans, foil, frame of etc. • Food and beverage containers, because of its resistance to corrosion. • In Construction of windows, doors, sliding, building wire, roofing, etc. • A wide range of household items, from cooking utensils. • Powdered Aluminium is used in Paint. • Street Lighting Poles.
METAL
METAL
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 ADVANTAGES OF ALUMINIUM :- • Low maintenance • Recyclable • Can be formed into variety shapes • Light weight • Excellent corrosion resistance • Easy surface treatment • Easy to work
 DISADVANTAGE OF ALUMINIUM :- • Unable to support structure • Lower melting point • Costly
COPPER • It is a soft, malleable and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. • A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange colour. • Copper is found as a pure metal in nature. • The first metal to be purposefully alloyed with another metal, and is mix with ’TIN’ to create ’BRONZE’.
 PROPERTIES OF COPPER • A good electrical conductor • A good thermal conductor • Corrosion resistant • Easily joined • Ductile • Tough • Non magnetic • Attractive colour • Easy to alloy • Recyclable • Catalytic
 USES OF COPPER • Wire and Cable • Electronics • Electric motors • Architecture • Antimicrobial applications • Copper alloys are used in musical instruments
STATUE OF LIBERTY MAPO MEUSEUM SHANGAI
ADVANTAGE OF COPPER • It stretches thus can be easily shaped and molded. • It is corrosion-resistant. • It is a good thermal and electrical conductor • It has a high melting point thus can be used in high temperature processes.
DISADVANTAGE OF COPPER • It is easily scratched • Easily loses its color due to heating • It is costly
ZINC • Zinc is a bluish-white lustrous diamagnetic metal though most common commercial grades of the metal have a dull finish. • The surface of the pure metal tranishes quickly, eventually forming a protective layer of the basic zinc-carbonate, by reaction with atmospheric Carbon-dioxide, This layer helps prevent further reaction with air and water.
PROPERTIES OF ZINC • Lustrous Metal • Conductor of Electricity • High Melting Point • Malleable • Thermal Conductivity
 USES OF ZINC • Zinc is used to galvanise other metals, such as iron, to prevent rusting. • Galvanised steel is used for car bodies, street lamp posts, safety barriers and suspension bridges. • Zinc oxide is widely used in the manufacture of very many products such as paints, rubber, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, plastics, inks, soaps, batteries, textiles and electrical equipment. • Zinc sulfide is used in making luminous paints, fluorescent lights and x-ray screens.
ADVANTAGE OF ZINC • Good Strength • Low Cost • Long Shelf Life • High Energy Density
DISADVANTAGE OF ZINC • Less tensile strength • Low toughness • Generally Brittle
BRASS • Brass is a metal alloy made of ‘Copper and Zinc’, the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties. • Brass has higher malleability than bronze or zinc. • By varying the proportions of copper and zinc, the properties of the brass can be changed, allowing hard and soft brasses. • Today, almost 90% of all brass alloys are recycled. Because brass is not ferromagnetic.
PROPERTIES OF BRASS • Higher Malleability • Low melting point • Brass can be Hard and Soft
 USES OF BRASS • Brass is used for decoration for its bright gold- like appearance; for applications where low friction is required such as locks, gears, bearings, doorknobs, ammunition casings and valves; for plumbing and electrical applications.
USE OF BRASS AT STOCKHOLM FERRY TERMINAL
ADVANTAGE OF BRASS • Extremely Strong • Resistant to Heat • Non Corrosive • Ease of Cleaning
DISADVANTAGE OF BRASS • High Maintenance • Costly • Brittle if Cold Work
LEAD • It is a soft, malleable and heavy metal. Freshly cut, solid lead has a bluish-white colour that soon tarnishes to a dull grayish colour when exposed to air; the liquid metal has shiny chrome-silver luster. • Lead is a bright silvery metal with a very slight shade of blue in a dry atmosphere. It tarnishes on contact with air, forming a complex mixture of compounds whose colour and composition depend on conditions
• Lead's characteristic properties include high density, softness, ductility, malleability, poor electrical conductivity compared to other metals, high resistance to corrosion, and ability to react with organic chemicals.
 USES OF LEAD • In Battery • In Roofing and Cladding • Lead pipes used at chemical factories • Lead Bullets , etc.
ADVANTAGE OF LEAD • Meallable • Ductile • Easy to work
DISADVANTGE OF LEAD • Heavy • Rather Soft • Expensive
TIN • The stable allotrope is β-tin, a silvery- white, malleable metal, but at low temperatures it transforms into the less dense grey α-tin, which has the diamond cubic structure. Metallic tin is not easily oxidized in air. • The first alloy used on a large scale was bronze, made of tin and copper. • large application for tin is corrosion-resistant tin plating of steel. Inorganic tin compounds are rather non-toxic. Because of its low toxicity, tin-plated metal was used for food packaging as tin cans.
 PROPERTIES OF TIN :- • Tin is a soft, • Malleable • Ductile • Highly crystalline silvery-white metal, • Low melting point. • Tin resists corrosion from water
METAL
TITANIUM • It is a lustrous metal with a silver colour, low density and high strength. It is highly resistant to corrosion in water. • It is found in almost all living things, rocks, water bodies, and soils. • In its unalloyed condition, titanium is as strong as some steels.
 PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM :- • It has high strength • Strong metal • Low density • Ductile • Lustrous and metallic-white in colour • High melting point
 ADVANTAGE OF TITANIUM :- • Corrosion resistance • Good Strength • Very Thin • Hard • Smooth Surface
 DISVANTAGE OF TIATANIUM :- • Costly
FERROUS METAL
STEEL • Steel is a mixture of several metals but most of it is iron. • Steel is harder and stronger than iron. • Smaller proportion of impurities. • E.g. carbon, phosphorous, sulphur • Durable material.
 PROPERTIES OF STEEL :- • High Melting point • High thermal expansion • High density metal • Heavy weight • Rough surface area • Malleable • Durable
 USES OF STEEL :- • Tools • Machines • Motors and engines • Wires • Foundation of construction • Piling • Beams and Columns • Reinforced concrete • High-rise building • Infrastructure • Scaffolding
 ADVANTAGES OF STEEL :- • Strong building material for superstructure • Hard • High melting point • Recyclable • Durability • High performance
 DISADVANTAGES OF STEEL :- • Bad insulator • Corrosion • High cost transportation • High expansion rate in changing temperature • Low resistance to fire • Time consuming in terms of construction
PROPERTIES OF MILD STEEL • Hard • High Tensile Strength • Elongation at Break • Malleable when Heated
USES OF MILD STEEL • Used as Reinforcement in R.C.C. • In Roofing • Used as Rolled Structural Section like I – section • In manufacturing of Tools
STAINLESS STEEL • stainless steel, also known as inox steel. It is a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5% chromium content by mass. • Stainless steel does not readily corrode, rust or stain with water. • There are different grades and surface finishes of stainless steel to suit the environment the alloy must endure.
IRON • Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe. • The most common element on Earth.
ADVANTAGE OF IRON • Tough • Durable
DISADVANTAGE OF IRON • Rust and Corrode easily when Exposed to Air and Water. • Good Conductor of Heat.
CAST IRON • Cast iron is a group of iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content greater than 2%.
PRPERTIES OF WROUGHT IRON • Soft • Ductile • Magnetic • Strong – High Elasticity and Tensile Strength • Malleable
CASE STUDY - 1 • Case Study Of BENCHMARK TEXTILE HUB
MATERIAL USED :- COTTON STEEL
THANK YOU

More Related Content

METAL

  • 2. 1. SMIT DIHORA 2. MIHIR BHIMANI 3. ISHA GANDHI 4. MADHVI KEVADIYA 5. JANVI DESAI 6. DHRUVI DESAI 7. DHRUVIN KACHHADIYA 8. RAHUL PANSHERIYA
  • 3. WHAT IS METAL? • A Metal is a material that is typically hard, opaque, shiny, and has Good electrical and Thermal conductivity.
  • 4. PROPERTIES OF METAL • Hard • High Density • High Tensile Strength • High Melting point and boiling point • Good Conductors of Heat and Electricity. • Most metals are also solid at room temperature, but one Metal i.e. Mercury (hg) is liquid at room temperature.
  • 5. CLASSIFICATION OF METAL Metals are Classified into Two types :- 1:- Ferrous Metal 2:- Non Ferrous Metal
  • 6. FERROUS METAL • The metals in which iron is the principal element is known as Ferrous Metal. These are directly attracted by magnets. • Eg : Cast iron ,wrought iron ,steel etc.
  • 7. NON-FERROUS METAL • The metals which does not contain iron is called Non-Ferrous Metals. • Eg : copper, Aluminium ,Tin ,Lead.
  • 8. • Both ferrous and non-ferrous metals are divided into PURE METALS and ALLOYS. • A PURE METAL is an element - eg iron, copper, gold - unalloyed with another substance. • An ALLOY is a mixture of two or more elements to make another metal with particular properties.
  • 9. TYPES OF METAL FERROUS METAL NON FERROUS METAL 1. STEEL 1. ALUMINIUM 2. MILD STEEL 2. COPPER 3. STAINLESS STEEL 3. BRASS 4. IRON 4. LEAD 5. CAST IRON 5. ZINC 6. WROUGHT IRON 6. TIN 7. TITANIUM
  • 11. ALUMINIUM • Aluminium is a silvery-white metal. • One surprising fact about Aluminium is that it’s the most wide spread metal on Earth making up more than 8% of the Earth’s core mass.
  • 12. PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM • Corrosion resistant • Electrical and Thermal Conducitivity • Reflectitvity • Ductility • Recyclability • Soft, • Lightweight, • Fire-proof • Heat-resistant
  • 13.  USES OF ALUMINIUM:- • In Packaging of cans, foil, frame of etc. • Food and beverage containers, because of its resistance to corrosion. • In Construction of windows, doors, sliding, building wire, roofing, etc. • A wide range of household items, from cooking utensils. • Powdered Aluminium is used in Paint. • Street Lighting Poles.
  • 17.  ADVANTAGES OF ALUMINIUM :- • Low maintenance • Recyclable • Can be formed into variety shapes • Light weight • Excellent corrosion resistance • Easy surface treatment • Easy to work
  • 18.  DISADVANTAGE OF ALUMINIUM :- • Unable to support structure • Lower melting point • Costly
  • 19. COPPER • It is a soft, malleable and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. • A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a reddish-orange colour. • Copper is found as a pure metal in nature. • The first metal to be purposefully alloyed with another metal, and is mix with ’TIN’ to create ’BRONZE’.
  • 20.  PROPERTIES OF COPPER • A good electrical conductor • A good thermal conductor • Corrosion resistant • Easily joined • Ductile • Tough • Non magnetic • Attractive colour • Easy to alloy • Recyclable • Catalytic
  • 21.  USES OF COPPER • Wire and Cable • Electronics • Electric motors • Architecture • Antimicrobial applications • Copper alloys are used in musical instruments
  • 22. STATUE OF LIBERTY MAPO MEUSEUM SHANGAI
  • 23. ADVANTAGE OF COPPER • It stretches thus can be easily shaped and molded. • It is corrosion-resistant. • It is a good thermal and electrical conductor • It has a high melting point thus can be used in high temperature processes.
  • 24. DISADVANTAGE OF COPPER • It is easily scratched • Easily loses its color due to heating • It is costly
  • 25. ZINC • Zinc is a bluish-white lustrous diamagnetic metal though most common commercial grades of the metal have a dull finish. • The surface of the pure metal tranishes quickly, eventually forming a protective layer of the basic zinc-carbonate, by reaction with atmospheric Carbon-dioxide, This layer helps prevent further reaction with air and water.
  • 26. PROPERTIES OF ZINC • Lustrous Metal • Conductor of Electricity • High Melting Point • Malleable • Thermal Conductivity
  • 27.  USES OF ZINC • Zinc is used to galvanise other metals, such as iron, to prevent rusting. • Galvanised steel is used for car bodies, street lamp posts, safety barriers and suspension bridges. • Zinc oxide is widely used in the manufacture of very many products such as paints, rubber, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, plastics, inks, soaps, batteries, textiles and electrical equipment. • Zinc sulfide is used in making luminous paints, fluorescent lights and x-ray screens.
  • 28. ADVANTAGE OF ZINC • Good Strength • Low Cost • Long Shelf Life • High Energy Density
  • 29. DISADVANTAGE OF ZINC • Less tensile strength • Low toughness • Generally Brittle
  • 30. BRASS • Brass is a metal alloy made of ‘Copper and Zinc’, the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties. • Brass has higher malleability than bronze or zinc. • By varying the proportions of copper and zinc, the properties of the brass can be changed, allowing hard and soft brasses. • Today, almost 90% of all brass alloys are recycled. Because brass is not ferromagnetic.
  • 31. PROPERTIES OF BRASS • Higher Malleability • Low melting point • Brass can be Hard and Soft
  • 32.  USES OF BRASS • Brass is used for decoration for its bright gold- like appearance; for applications where low friction is required such as locks, gears, bearings, doorknobs, ammunition casings and valves; for plumbing and electrical applications.
  • 33. USE OF BRASS AT STOCKHOLM FERRY TERMINAL
  • 34. ADVANTAGE OF BRASS • Extremely Strong • Resistant to Heat • Non Corrosive • Ease of Cleaning
  • 35. DISADVANTAGE OF BRASS • High Maintenance • Costly • Brittle if Cold Work
  • 36. LEAD • It is a soft, malleable and heavy metal. Freshly cut, solid lead has a bluish-white colour that soon tarnishes to a dull grayish colour when exposed to air; the liquid metal has shiny chrome-silver luster. • Lead is a bright silvery metal with a very slight shade of blue in a dry atmosphere. It tarnishes on contact with air, forming a complex mixture of compounds whose colour and composition depend on conditions
  • 37. • Lead's characteristic properties include high density, softness, ductility, malleability, poor electrical conductivity compared to other metals, high resistance to corrosion, and ability to react with organic chemicals.
  • 38.  USES OF LEAD • In Battery • In Roofing and Cladding • Lead pipes used at chemical factories • Lead Bullets , etc.
  • 39. ADVANTAGE OF LEAD • Meallable • Ductile • Easy to work
  • 40. DISADVANTGE OF LEAD • Heavy • Rather Soft • Expensive
  • 41. TIN • The stable allotrope is β-tin, a silvery- white, malleable metal, but at low temperatures it transforms into the less dense grey α-tin, which has the diamond cubic structure. Metallic tin is not easily oxidized in air. • The first alloy used on a large scale was bronze, made of tin and copper. • large application for tin is corrosion-resistant tin plating of steel. Inorganic tin compounds are rather non-toxic. Because of its low toxicity, tin-plated metal was used for food packaging as tin cans.
  • 42.  PROPERTIES OF TIN :- • Tin is a soft, • Malleable • Ductile • Highly crystalline silvery-white metal, • Low melting point. • Tin resists corrosion from water
  • 44. TITANIUM • It is a lustrous metal with a silver colour, low density and high strength. It is highly resistant to corrosion in water. • It is found in almost all living things, rocks, water bodies, and soils. • In its unalloyed condition, titanium is as strong as some steels.
  • 45.  PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM :- • It has high strength • Strong metal • Low density • Ductile • Lustrous and metallic-white in colour • High melting point
  • 46.  ADVANTAGE OF TITANIUM :- • Corrosion resistance • Good Strength • Very Thin • Hard • Smooth Surface
  • 47.  DISVANTAGE OF TIATANIUM :- • Costly
  • 49. STEEL • Steel is a mixture of several metals but most of it is iron. • Steel is harder and stronger than iron. • Smaller proportion of impurities. • E.g. carbon, phosphorous, sulphur • Durable material.
  • 50.  PROPERTIES OF STEEL :- • High Melting point • High thermal expansion • High density metal • Heavy weight • Rough surface area • Malleable • Durable
  • 51.  USES OF STEEL :- • Tools • Machines • Motors and engines • Wires • Foundation of construction • Piling • Beams and Columns • Reinforced concrete • High-rise building • Infrastructure • Scaffolding
  • 52.  ADVANTAGES OF STEEL :- • Strong building material for superstructure • Hard • High melting point • Recyclable • Durability • High performance
  • 53.  DISADVANTAGES OF STEEL :- • Bad insulator • Corrosion • High cost transportation • High expansion rate in changing temperature • Low resistance to fire • Time consuming in terms of construction
  • 54. PROPERTIES OF MILD STEEL • Hard • High Tensile Strength • Elongation at Break • Malleable when Heated
  • 55. USES OF MILD STEEL • Used as Reinforcement in R.C.C. • In Roofing • Used as Rolled Structural Section like I – section • In manufacturing of Tools
  • 56. STAINLESS STEEL • stainless steel, also known as inox steel. It is a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5% chromium content by mass. • Stainless steel does not readily corrode, rust or stain with water. • There are different grades and surface finishes of stainless steel to suit the environment the alloy must endure.
  • 57. IRON • Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe. • The most common element on Earth.
  • 58. ADVANTAGE OF IRON • Tough • Durable
  • 59. DISADVANTAGE OF IRON • Rust and Corrode easily when Exposed to Air and Water. • Good Conductor of Heat.
  • 60. CAST IRON • Cast iron is a group of iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content greater than 2%.
  • 61. PRPERTIES OF WROUGHT IRON • Soft • Ductile • Magnetic • Strong – High Elasticity and Tensile Strength • Malleable
  • 62. CASE STUDY - 1 • Case Study Of BENCHMARK TEXTILE HUB
  • 63. MATERIAL USED :- COTTON STEEL