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Mitochondrial biogenesis.pptx

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Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which cells increase mitochondrial numbers. It was first described by John Holloszy in the 1960s, when it was discovered that physical endurance training induced higher mitochondrial content levels, leading to greater glucose uptake by muscles. Mitochondrial biogenesis is activated by numerous different signals during times of cellular stress or in response to environmental stimuli, such as aerobic exercise.

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Mitochondrial biogenesis
Structure of Mitochondria
Mitochondrial biogenesis • Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which new mitochondria are formed in the cell. • Mitochondrial proteins are produced from the transcription and translation of genes both in the nuclear genome and in the mitochondrial genome. • Higher mitochodrial copy number is protective for the cell.
Endosymbiotic theory
Evidence of Endosymbiotic theory • New mitochondria are formed only through a process similar to binary fission. • Transport proteins called porins are found in the outer membranes of mitochondria, are also found in bacterial cell membrane. • Mitochondria contain single circular DNA that is similar to that of bacteria. • Mitochondria have several enzymes and transport systems similar to those of bacteria.
Mitochondrial division ERMES : Endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrial encounter structure. Dnm1 : dynamin protein
The Transport of Proteins into Mitochondria hsc70 hsc60
Synthesis of phospholipids
Lipid exchange between ER and Mitochondria
Researchers have identified two classes of transcription factors that are involved in this process: a) Transcription factors that regulate the transcription and replication (DNA copying) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). b) Transcription factors that regulate the transcription of mitochondrial genes encoded in the nuclear DNA. Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis Transcription factor regulating mitochondrial genes in nuclear DNA Transcription factor regulating mitochondrial genes in nuclear DNA Nucleus Mitochondria
Conclusion Mitochondrial biogenesis requires co-ordination of the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins and other molecules and the assembly of these molecules into a new mitochondrion.
If you would like to donate us? Scan below and donate us 0.013$ (US dollar) (5Rs Indian rupee) Contact: If you want PPT/PDF files, please contact below. Email: gnccmysore@gmail.com Telegram:+919738137533(only for Chat)
Mitochondrial biogenesis.pptx

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Mitochondrial biogenesis.pptx

  • 3. Mitochondrial biogenesis • Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which new mitochondria are formed in the cell. • Mitochondrial proteins are produced from the transcription and translation of genes both in the nuclear genome and in the mitochondrial genome. • Higher mitochodrial copy number is protective for the cell.
  • 5. Evidence of Endosymbiotic theory • New mitochondria are formed only through a process similar to binary fission. • Transport proteins called porins are found in the outer membranes of mitochondria, are also found in bacterial cell membrane. • Mitochondria contain single circular DNA that is similar to that of bacteria. • Mitochondria have several enzymes and transport systems similar to those of bacteria.
  • 6. Mitochondrial division ERMES : Endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrial encounter structure. Dnm1 : dynamin protein
  • 7. The Transport of Proteins into Mitochondria hsc70 hsc60
  • 9. Lipid exchange between ER and Mitochondria
  • 10. Researchers have identified two classes of transcription factors that are involved in this process: a) Transcription factors that regulate the transcription and replication (DNA copying) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). b) Transcription factors that regulate the transcription of mitochondrial genes encoded in the nuclear DNA. Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis Transcription factor regulating mitochondrial genes in nuclear DNA Transcription factor regulating mitochondrial genes in nuclear DNA Nucleus Mitochondria
  • 11. Conclusion Mitochondrial biogenesis requires co-ordination of the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins and other molecules and the assembly of these molecules into a new mitochondrion.
  • 12. If you would like to donate us? Scan below and donate us 0.013$ (US dollar) (5Rs Indian rupee) Contact: If you want PPT/PDF files, please contact below. Email: gnccmysore@gmail.com Telegram:+919738137533(only for Chat)