This document provides an overview of key concepts in social media marketing and segmentation. It discusses how individuals engage with social media through their digital footprint and life streams. It also examines why consumers are drawn to social activities and how digital culture influences behavior. Several approaches to segmenting social media consumers are presented, including demographic, psychographic, benefit, and behavioral segmentation. Popular frameworks for categorizing different types of social media users and levels of engagement are described, such as the Social Technographics model and Pew Internet's technology types. The document aims to help marketers better understand social media consumers to effectively target and engage with different audience segments.
2. Chapter Objectives
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How are our lives reflected online? In what ways are
individuals involved in the four zones of social media?
How and why does digital culture play a role in consumer
behavior?
Why are consumers drawn to social media activities?
Which bases of segmentation are relevant to target wired
consumers in a social media context?
What are the most important segments of social media
consumers? What do they tell us about targeting users of
the social Web?
3. Social Touch points in a
Wired Life
Social Footprints are the marks
a person makes when he or
she occupies digital space
Lifestreams are time-ordered
streams of entries and posts
like Facebook’s timeline
Lifestream aggregators collect
multiple lifestreams and put
them in one place.
Example of some lifestream
aggregators:
about.me
Mylife.com
flavors.me
3-3
Hootsuite
5. The Life of Digital
Consumers
Digital Primacy: The
change in culture of
wired individuals
who turn first to
digital channels for
communication,
information, and
entertainment.
Compare your digital life
to those here at PBS’s
Digital Nation
Watch PBS’s
documentary here
6. Diffusion of (Digital)
Innovations
Based heavily on Roger’s “Diffusion of Innovations” that
presents characteristics of innovative products that explain
the rate at which people adopt new options. Includes:
• The relative advantage of the innovation (i.e., does it provide
a greater benefit than the existing alternatives?)
• The ability to observe and try the innovation,
• The innovation’s compatibility (how easily it can be
assimilated into the person’s life)
• How self-sustainable is the innovation?
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An example
7. A Wired World
The measure of the percentage of a population with Internet
access is known as the Penetration Rate.
World Penetration Rates:
•
•
•
•
Asia – 19.4%
Europe – 52.0%
Australia – 60.0%
North America – 74.0%
10. Why We Login…
Affinity impulse: Social networks enable participants to
express an affinity, to acknowledge a liking or relationship
with individuals and groups.
10-3
Prurient impulse: People may feel a curiosity about others
and want to feed this interest.
11. Why We Login…
Contact comfort and immediacy impulse: People have a
natural drive to feel a sense of psychological closeness to
others.
Altruistic impulse: Some participate in social media as a way
to do something good.
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Validation impulse: Social media focuses intently on the
individual.
12. What We Do Online?
Activity
Percent of
Internet Users
94
Use a search engine to find information
87
Look for information online about a service or product you
are thinking of buying
78
Get news
75
Go online just for fun or to pass the time
72
Buy a product
72
Watch a video on a video sharing site such as YouTube
66
Use an online social networking site such as Facebook
61
12-3
Send or read email
15. Generations online: A
closer Look
Much is made of the difference between digital immigrants and digital n
Closer look at digital natives
Closer look at digital immigrants
And what about those left behind? Digital refugees?
16. Market Segmentation: Slicing
the Social Media Pie
Market segmentation is the process of dividing a market into
distinct groups that have common needs and characteristics.
HUGE implications for social media marketing since social media allow
Types of segmentation:
Geographic segmentation
Demographic segmentation
Psychographic segmentation
Benefit segmentation
Behavioral segmentation
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•
•
•
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17. Geographic segmentation
Geographic segmentation refers to segmenting markets by
region, country, market size, market density, or climate.
Unimportant to social media? Think again! Location base social
media is thriving driven by the need to geographically connect
with potential customers
17-3
Brands can target at the local level with tools like Foursquare.
18. Demographic
segmentation
Demographic segmentation refers to utilizing common
characteristics such as age, gender, income, ethnic background,
educational attainment, family life cycle, and occupation to
understand how to group similar consumers together.
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Pew Social Media Demographics—does this even matter anymore?!
20. Benefit segmentation
Benefit segmentation groups individuals in the marketing
universe according to their notion of value. What makes the
product useful or important to them?
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Extremely relevant to social media.
21. Behavioral segmentation
Behavioral segmentation divides consumers into
groups based on how they act with regard to a brand or
a product category.
How do they behave with the product? Are they casual
users? Dependent upon it? Use every day? Rarely? Is it
a typical use with broad appeal or a narrow one with
small appeal.
21-3
How does this apply to social media tools and by
extension social media marketing? Remember Sharpie?
22. Some Examples
Can you identify the
segments?
1.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=_hEzW1WRFTg for China
2.
http://www.weylandindustries.com/
3.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=c2dXb_nqyjs#t=33
4.
https://www.facebook.com/greypoupon
5.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLwiRH3cPg
6.
https://www.facebook.com/oreo
7.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=TyWQrmiRoLE#t=12
8.
https://www.facebook.com/ca
9.
http://www.boojummex.com/about/burritorevolution
10. http://generalelectric.tumblr.com
11. www.pinterest.com/generalelectric
23. Social Media Segments
Different typologies of digital consumers:
•Social Technographics from Groundswell
•Pew Internet Technology Types
•Anderson Analytics: Users and Nonusers
23-3
•These categories help you understand and
strategically engage customers who use
technology
24. Social Technographics
Social Technographics can be:
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• Creators – contribute content to be shared with others
• Conversationalists – those who talk through social media
frequently
• Critics – those who react to the content created by others
• Collectors – efficient and organized users of social content
• Joiners – people who maintain a profile on one or more
social networking sites and visit the sites regularly
• Spectators – site on the periphery of social communities
• Inactives – online, but do not participate in a meaningful
manner
• Example: Crash the Superbowl
26. Pew Internet Technology
Types
A topology of 10 digital lifestyles:
• Motivated by Mobility
26-3
• Digital collaborators – own the most gadgets or any group
• Ambivalent networkers – use devices mobile devices for
networking, but believe people need breaks from connectivity
• Media movers – create content and share it on social
networking using mobile devices
• Roving nodes – connected for work purposes
• Mobile newbies – new to mobile connectivity
continued
27. Pew Internet Technology
Types
A topology of 10 digital lifestyles:
• Stationary Media Preferred
27-3
• Desktop veterans – content to use desktop computers with
high-speed Internet access
• Drifting surfers – infrequent online users who would not mind
giving up the Internet and their mobile device
• Information encumbered – suffer from information overload
• Tech indifferent – light users who would be willing to give up
digital connectivity
• Off the network – do not use the Internet or a mobile phone
28. Anderson Analytics:
Users and Nonusers
28-3
Contains both social media users and non-users
Users include:
Fun seekers
Social media mavens
Business
Leisure followers
Non-users include:
Social media pessimists
Concerned
Time starved
29. Click here to type yourself with Anderson Analytics’ Social Networking
Typing Tool and then more about Anderson Analytics’ insight into each
type…
Editor's Notes
{"27":"In this scheme, digital lifestyle groups are based on two characteristics: (1) whether they hold a positive or negative view of digital mobility and (2) relationships with assets (gadgets and services), actions (activities), and attitudes (how technology fits in their lives).\n","16":"Marketers are rapidly adopting social media marketing strategies and techniques, but social media marketing will work only to the extent that these new media platforms can reach the customers organizations want to talk to in the digital space. And, just reaching people isn’t the only issue: Not all social media users are the same. We will look at each type of segmentation on the following slides.\n","28":"This typology plots segments along two axes: the perceived benefits of using social media and the perceived barriers to using social media. The Anderson Analytics’ model of social behavior is more limited in its applicability than the other models presented. Its value exists primarily in understanding the types of barriers consumers face as they adopt and explore social media communities.\n","17":"Geographic segmentation will become increasingly relevant to social media marketers, not only due to location-based targeting based on a business’s distribution channel, but also because social media increasingly incorporates GPS technology.\nGeographic segmentation via social media is relevant to local businesses that want to increase retail traffic in physical store locations. As FourSquare members check in, local businesses in that area can reach out to them with special offers and interactive promotions such as free drinks or discounts. There are awards for checking in to business venues most recently and most frequently; these instill a sense of loyalty among users. Importantly for the local merchants who use the service, FourSquare offers a business “dashboard” that includes metrics on the number of check-ins, the times of day people check in, the most recent visitors, and the most frequent visitors. Of course, the offers require consumer cooperation—without check-ins, the promotions won’t be effective. So are wired consumers checking in? Indeed they are. A recent study from JiWire, a Wi-Fi provider, found\nthat 65 percent of Wi-Fi users said they frequently use apps that require they provide their physical location. When it comes to community merchants, social is local.\n","12":"For decades, Westerners spent most of their media time watching television. Now, those who are connected spend about the same amount of time online instead of being glued to the television. Consumers perceive the Internet as the most essential of all media.\n","24":"Decisions regarding just how much to rely on social media and how to design programs that will be effective require us to understand as much as we can about just who participates in social media and how they may differ from one another. We will discuss each of these typologies in the coming slides.\nUnilever’s campaign reminds us that in many cases the target audience will include more than a single technographic type. For this reason it’s key to offer multiple ways to participate. For example, the Doritos and sisi Max Crash the Super Bowl contest offers opportunities for several forms of participation. Creators contribute videos to the contest site and share the videos on other media sharing sites such as YouTube. Critics rate and vote on the videos submitted. Conversationalists talk about the videos. Collectors share the video links using channels such as Twitter and Facebook and tag the videos so that others can find them. Joiners and spectators view the videos but may not help to promote them. Still, they add to the overall impact of the contest because brand awareness for Doritos and PepsiMax increase and joiners and spectators may not have been exposed to the messages prior to the Super Bowl event had it not been for the creators, conversationalists, and collectors.\n","19":"These variables may be used alone or combined with other segmentation bases such as demographics. Psychographics tend to provide the richest picture of a consumer segment in that the descriptions of psychographic segments help marketers to know the real person making the consumption decisions.\n","3":"Your digital footprint leaves evidence of where you are and where you’ve been. Your lifestream is the journal of your digital life. Taken together, they make up your digital identity.\nFacebook, as a social utility, has perhaps done the best job of recording the lifestreams of its members. Whether on Facebook or at any of the million websites integrated with Facebook Connect, a member’s Wall reveals any related Facebook activity. Depending upon your activities, the Wall records interactions with friends, visits to websites, online purchases, notes and journals, mobile uploads, shared photos, game scores, and more—all time- and date-stamped and presented in reverse chronological order. Whereas Gary’s footprints showed us his individual activities over several social sites, his lifestream reveals the order of his activities, provides a context for them, and catalogs the whole of his social experience over time.\n","20":"For example, in the auto industry people who buy hybrids and electric cars look for different benefits from a car than those who buy muscle cars or SUVs. \n","26":"In this scheme, digital lifestyle groups are based on two characteristics: (1) whether they hold a positive or negative view of digital mobility and (2) relationships with assets (gadgets and services), actions (activities), and attitudes (how technology fits in their lives).\n","21":"For example, knowing how much of a product a group uses and how often they purchase that product can be useful information—especially because “heavy users” often differ quite a bit from occasional users. And, even though these hard-core customers usually are a minority of the total customers that patronize an organization, they often account for a lot of its sales.\n"}