Modern irrigation methods
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This document discusses modern irrigation systems. It describes three main types - sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, and pot irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation sprays water into the air to water crops. Drip irrigation applies small amounts of water directly to plant roots through pipes and tubing. Pot irrigation uses porous clay pots to draw water into the soil. Modern systems are more efficient but also more expensive than traditional flooding methods. They provide more uniform water application and optimize water and electricity usage on agricultural fields.
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Modern irrigation methods
- 2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION WHY MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS ? CLASSIFICATION OF MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS ADVANTAGES OF MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS DISADVANTAGES OF MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS CONCLUSION
- 3. MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEM More focus is now on selling the output. Machine intensive. More sophisticated. Rains are no longer the controlling force.
- 4. WHY MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEM Irrigation has traditionally resulted in excessive labour and non uniformity in water application across the field. Water and electricity should be optimally utilized in an agricultural field Modern irrigation system is required to reduce the labour cost and to give uniformity in water application across the field.
- 5. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND MODERN IRRIGATION METHOD TRADITIONAL Inefficient as crops don’t get water properly Very cheap Labour intensive MODERN Efficient because crops get correct amount of water Extremely costly Machine intensive
- 6. TYPES OF MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEM SPRINKLER IRRIGATION METHOD DRIP IRRIGATION METHOD POT IRRIGATION METHOD
- 7. SPRINKLER IRRIGATION METHOD Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually by pumping. It is then sprayed into the air through sprinklers so that it breaks up into small water drops which fall to the ground.
- 8. ADVANTAGES OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION There is increase in production and compactness It is helpful in soil conservation This system saves the crop from extreme temperature
- 9. DISADVANTAGES OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION It is expensive It cannot be used in all crops Water used in sprinkler method should be clean
- 10. DRIP IRRIGATION METHOD A small amount of water is applied at frequent intervals in the form of water droplets Drips through perforations in plastic pipes or through nozzles attached to tubes spread over the soil. To irrigate a limited area around the plant.
- 11. ADVANTAGES OF DRIP IRRIGATION METHOD Here water directly reaches the roots of the plants, which take water to the plants in balanced quantities. Drip irrigation method saves 30 to 70 % water. Crop production is higher by 20 to 40 %.
- 12. DISADVANTAGES OF DRIP IRRIGATION METHOD It is expensive. In heavy soil it creates problem of flow and water blockages. It cannot be used in all crops.
- 13. POT IRRIGATION METHOD This is an adaptation of an ancient method of irrigation that is thought to have originated in Africa 4,000 years ago. It uses the porous nature of clay pots to allow osmotic pressure to suck the water into the soil where it is needed.
- 14. ADVANTAGES OF POT IRRIGATION METHOD It is best method for horticulture and vegetables. In this method only the area near pot get irrigated not the whole area. Its need minimum technical knowledge.
- 15. DISADVANTAGES OF POT IRRIGATION METHOD It is not suitable for every crop. It is costly to dram out pitchers again and again and re-fix them. It needs clean water because unclean water would cause blockage of minor holes.
- 16. ADVANTAGES OF MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEM Irrigation can be done in an uneven ground where irrigation is not possible. No problem of waterlogging. It saves 30 to 70 % water.
- 17. DISADVANTAGES OF MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEM Excessive seepage and leakage of water create marshes and ponds all along the channels. The marshes and the ponds in some time become the colonies of the mosquito, which gives rise to a disease like malaria. It lowers the temperature and makes the locality damp due to the presence of irrigation water. Excessive seepage into the ground raises the water, hence causing water logging of the area.
- 18. CONCLUSION According to me, modern irrigation techniques should be used and promoted because they save lot of water. Also modern irrigational method is important for increasing demand of food crops. Modern irrigation techniques are also effective if done on a large scale.