This document presents a presentation on molecular communication and its applications. It discusses how molecular communication works by emitting information molecules from a transmitter to a receiver. It describes the basic components involved in each phase of molecular communication including encoding, sending, propagation, receiving, and decoding. It also discusses potential applications of molecular communication in areas like nano-medicine, diagnostics, targeted drug delivery, and environmental monitoring.
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Molecular communication
1. A PRESENTATION ON
MOLECULAR COMMUNICATION
&
ITS APPLICATION
PREAPERED BY
PUNEET SINGH THAKUR
ME (D.I.)
IET DAVV
Roll No. -15DI2109
1IET DAVV (INDORE)
2. MOLECULAR COMMUNICATION
Molecular communication is a Nano network design strategy where a
transmitter emits information molecules that are carried to an intended
receiver. This strategy can take advantage of the many mechanisms in
cells and subcellular structures that already use the emission of
molecules for communication.
This class of communications takes inspiration from some existing
communication mechanisms between biological entities. It consists of
using relatively small molecules, such as hormones and other small
proteins (e.g. cytokines), peptides, carbohydrates, lipids and
combinations of them, which can propagate from a transmitter to
receivers.
2IET DAVV (INDORE)
3. BASIC COMPONENT INVOLVE IN EACH PHASE OF
MOLECULAR COMMUNICATION
Encoding
Sending
Propogation
Receiving
Decoding
3IET DAVV (INDORE)
5. SENDER AND RECEIVER NANOMACHINE
Two basic approaches for engineering bio-nanomachines with
functionality for communication are the modification of existing
biologicalcells or the production of simplified cell-like structures using
biological materials
Modified biological cells
Artificial cells
5IET DAVV (INDORE)
6. ENCODING
• Encoding is the phase during which a sender bio-nanomachine
translates information into information molecules that the receiver
bio-nanomachine can detect.
• Information may be encoded in various forms within the information
molecules, such as in the three-dimensional structure of the
information molecule (e.g. a specific type of molecule), in the specific
molecules that compose the information molecules (e.g. DNA is
formed by the specific sequence of nucleotides), or in the
concentration of information molecules (i.e. the number of
information molecules per unit volume of solvent molecules)
modulated over time.
6IET DAVV (INDORE)
7. Sending is the phase by which a sender bio-nanomachine releases
information molecules into the environment. A sender bio-
nanomachine may release information molecules by either
unbinding information molecules from the sender bio-
nanomachine.
Propagation is the phase during which information molecules move
from the sender bio-nanomachine through the medium to the
receiver bio-nanomachine
Receiving is the phase during which the receiver bio-nanomachine
captures information molecules propagating in the environment.
7IET DAVV (INDORE)
8. Decoding is the phase during which the receiver bio-nanomachine,
upon capturing information molecules, decodes the received molecules
into a chemical reaction.Chemical reactions for decoding at the receiver
bio-nanomachine may include the production of new molecules, the
performing of a simple task, or the production of another signal
(e.g.,sending other information molecules).
8IET DAVV (INDORE)
9. Informational molecules
Information molecules carry information and propagate from a sender
bio-nanomachine to a receiver bio-nanomachine in the environment.
The size and structure of the information molecules may affect how the
information molecules propagate in the environment.
Guide and Transport Molecules
Guide and transport molecules provide reliable mechanisms for
propagating informationmolecules.A required functionality for these
molecules is to direct the propagation of information molecules toward
target locations (i.e., receiver bio-nanomachines). Guide and transport
molecules can be viewed as bionanomachines specialized for
transporting molecules.
9IET DAVV (INDORE)
10. Interface Molecules
Interface molecules allow bio-nanomachines to transport a variety of
information molecules using the same communication mechanism. The
interface molecules allow any type of information molecule to be
delivered to and concentrated at a target location.
Addressing Molecules
Addressing molecules allow a sender bio-nanomachine to specify the
receiver bio-nanomachine according to a generic addressing
mechanism.
10IET DAVV (INDORE)
15. Disease Detection
• Virus Based Technique
• Bacteria Based Technique
• Nanobots
• Nano Surgery
15IET DAVV (INDORE)
16. TREATMENT
DRUG DELIVERY
Drug delivery the most popular mathod in nanomedicine is the
targeted , since it could be the basis for themodern medical
therapeutics. Its main goal is to provide alocalized drug delivery only
where medication is needed,thus avoiding to affect other healthy parts
of the body.
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17. ADVANTAGES
• reduction of death probability due to cardiovascular
diseases;
• possibility of reducing time-consuming and potentially
invasive cardiovascular diagnostic investigations and
thus to improve the quality of life of patients
• reduction of iatrogenic disease due to unnecessary/
inappropriate preventive therapies;
• significant decrease of national health service expenditures.
17IET DAVV (INDORE)
18. FUTURE SCOPE
• Environmental application
Environment monitoring
Waste/Pollution control
• Large Scale Healthcare
• Manufacturing Application
Pattern and Structure Formation
18IET DAVV (INDORE)
19. RFERENCES
• L. Felicetti, M. Femminella, G. Reali and P. Liò, “ Applications of
molecular communications to medicine: A survey,” Nano Comm.
Networks 7 (2016) pp. 27-45.
• Tadashi Nakano, Michael J. Moore, FangWei, Athanasios V. Vasilakos,
and Jianwei Shuai, “Molecular Communication and Networking:
Opportunities and Challenges,” IEEE Trans. on nanobios. 11 (2012) pp.
135-147.
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