" Optimizing Motivation, Learning and Behavior Change in your Serious Game" By Scott Rigby - Serious Play Conference 2012
- 1. Scott Rigby, Ph.D. Immersyve, Inc. www.immersyve.com
- 3. Integrating Media and Empiricism
- 18. Health Care Education •Deeper and Broader Reach •Chalk vs. iPads •Lifestyle/Preventative Health •Effective Learning •Greater Adherence •Global Competition Training •Greater Engagement •Deeper Processing •Greater Productivity/Expertise
- 20. We need to motivate and sustain engagement in a world of increasing choice and volition
- 22. Core Model: Basic Psychological Needs
- 23. The satisfaction of these needs leads to more value and positive outcomes Autonomy • Sustained Engagement Competence • Value • Deeper Learning • Vitality/Energy Relatednes s
- 24. Facilitating these needs is associated with… Sustained health (physical and mental) Increased Creativity Greater Vitality Deeper information processing (learning and training) Greater satisfaction at work and in relationships And…
- 25. “Player Experience of Need Satisfaction” (PENS)
- 26. Gamification: Need Satisfaction vs. “Fun” Study Example: 800+ players PENS predicts sustained engagement over nine months. “Fun” does not Multiple Regression Analysis ** means that statistically there is a greater than 99% This also supports the idea that chance PENS is predicting these outcomes Need satisfaction (PENS) is explaining fun at a deeper level
- 32. CUMULATIVE Competence SUSTAINED competence Feedback feedback GRANULAR Competence Feedback
- 33. This is meaningful because it is opening up new opportunities and a sense of power and ability
- 36. Tank Healer
- 37. Nice shot Bob I’ve got your back…
- 46. Motivation is a continuum Extrinsic Intrinsic Motivation Motivation External Introjected Identified Integrated -Control with -Guilt/Shame -Self truly -Goals are • Inherent rewards & -Self-pressure endorses & integrated Satisfaction punishments -Ego-involvement values goal • Autotelic -Compliance
- 50. You’ve Just Won the “I’ve Won A Lot of Badges” Badge!
- 51. The Undermining Effect: Deactivation of Bilateral Striatum as a Function of Rewards in Subsequent Performance Control Group Reward Group
- 52. The Undermining Effect: Deactivation of Bilateral Striatum as a Function of Rewards in Subsequent Performance Control Group Reward Group
- 53. Why the “Biggest Loser” model is the Biggest Loser Extrinsic rewards have a strong negative impact on sustained healthy change as well as satisfaction
- 56. Kill Puppy
- 59. Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Incentives Intrinsic Motivation is a stronger predictor of sustained engagement
- 62. Motivational Metrics in Interactive Entertainment: “Player Experience of Need Satisfaction” (PENS) Metric Example Target Questions Competence • Is the player satisfied with the level of challenge in the game? • Do they feel they have the opportunity to stretch themselves, but also to express their mastery (e.g. dominate)? Autonomy • Does the player feel a sense of volition during play? Do they perceive choice and opportunity in what to do and how to do it? (“Opportunities for Action”) • Does the player feel “volitional engagement” in the game’s story and path of action? Relatedness • Does the player feel like NPC characters care about them/that they “matter”? • Do multiplayer mechanics and design structures encourage support and meaningful collaboration in coop play? • Do competitive mechanics maximize informational feedback for all players (even after a loss), and minimize shame? Control Mastery • Does the player feel a sense of mastery of the controls, such that they can easily translate their intentions into action, easily and intuitively?
- 63. Feature and Trade-off Analysis Sustained e.g. Features/Content PENS Analysis Enjoyment PENS testing assists with trade-off analyses Game Mechanic 1 Game Mechanic 2 - - Game Mechanic 3 - Game Mechanic 4 - - Game Mechanic 5 - - Game Mechanic 6 Comp. Aut. Rel. Assists in understanding why customers are enjoying/not enjoying features and content
- 64. Facilitating Need Satisfaction Extrinsic Intrinsic Motivation Motivation External Introjected Identified Integrated -Control with -Guilt/Shame -Self truly -Goals are • Inherent rewards & -Self-pressure endorses & integrated Satisfaction punishments -Ego-involvement values goal • Autotelic -Compliance
- 65. Relations between Autonomous Motivation and Academic Goals, Values, & Learning Strategies Subscales External Introjected Identified Intrinsic Goal Orientation Learning Orientation .15** .37*** .58*** .62*** * Work-Avoidance Orientation .19*** -.02 -.37*** -.42*** Valuing of outcomes -.02 .24*** .49*** .58*** Learning Strategies Deep Process -.04 .27*** .54*** .56*** Surface Process .38*** .40*** .16** .13* Note. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001; Yamauchi & Tanaka (1998)
- 66. Correlations of motivational constructs and Total Moderate-Intensity Exercise per ACSM/AHA guidelines External -.18 Regulation Introjected .22 Regulation Identified .45*** Regulation Intrinsic .34* Motivation Controlled .05 Motivation Autonomous .42** Motivation
- 67. Persistence as a Function of Coaching Climate and Motivation Intrinsic .44 Motivation Autonomy .48 Support .54 .43 Identified .28 Regulation -.41 .25 .35 -.38 Introjected Persistence Persistence Regulation 10 mo. 22 mo. .21 -.28 .34 External Regulation Control -.67 -78 -.87 .28 Amotivation
- 70. Motivational Behavioral
- 71. Does X
- 72. Why? X is awesome! I did X because I should… X is dull, but will get me Y…
- 73. Behavioral Motivational
- 74. Other Resources Presentations and Papers: www.immersyve.com/downloads Latest Book: “Glued to Games” Scott Rigby scott@immersyve.com www.immersyve.com Twitter: @csrigby