Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
SlideShare a Scribd company logo

Nuclear

•Download as PPTX, PDF•
•

This document discusses elementary particles and their classification. It states that quarks are currently believed to be fundamental particles as they are not made of anything smaller. It provides classifications for elementary particles such as hadrons, baryons, mesons, and leptons. It also discusses nuclear quantum numbers, conservation laws in interactions between elementary particles, and provides an example question.

1 of 11
Elementary particle SUBMITTED TO: Dr. K Dhoot and Giriraj Chayal SUBMITTED BY: VISHAL KUMAR JANGID,M.Sc(Final) 2016-17 JNVU (Department of Physics)
People have long asked: "What is the world made of?" and "What holds it together?"  What is the World Made of?  People have come to realize that the matter of the world is made from a few fundamental building blocks of nature.  The word "fundamental" is key here. By fundamental building blocks we mean objects that are simple and structureless -- not made of anything smaller.  Even in ancient times, people sought to organize the world around them into fundamental elements, such as earth, air, fire, and water.
The ATOM  Is the Atom is fundamental ???  Nope  Is the Nucleus Fundamental?  Because it appeared small, solid, and dense, scientists originally thought that the nucleus was fundamental. Later, they discovered that it was made of protons (p+), which are positively charged, and neutrons (n), which have no charge
 Are protons and neutrons fundamental?  Physicists have discovered that protons and neutrons are composed of even smaller particles called quarks.  As far as we know, quarks are like points in geometry. They're not made up of anything else.  After extensively testing this theory, scientists now suspect that quarks and the electron are fundamental.
CLASSIFICATION ELEMENTRYPARTICLE MATTER PARTICLE HADRON BARYON MESON LEPTON QUANTA OF FORCE Photon,gluon,graviton
Interaction
Leptons (Greek word : light)
Hadron(Greek word:middle)  Baryon  Are fermions  Obey fermi-dirac statistics  Meson  Are bosons  Obey bose-einstein statistics
Nuclear quantum number  Spin  Charge  Lepton and baryon number  Parity  Isospin  Strangeness  Gell-mann-nishijima scheme  Hyper charge
Conservation law  Conservation of Charge  Conservation of Lepton number {WEAK INTERACTION}  Conservation of Baryon number { ALL INTERACTION}  Conservation on Isospin {STRONG INTERACTION}  Conservation of Parity {STRONG,ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION}  Conservation of component of Isospin {STRONG,ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION}  Conservation of Hypercharge STRONG,ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION
Example  Which of the following high eneergy processes is allowed by conervation? [GATE 2014] (A) 𝜇+ → 𝑒+ + 𝛾 (B) 𝑛 → 𝑝 + 𝑒− + 𝜗𝑒 (C) 𝜋− + 𝑝 → 𝜋0 + 𝑛0 (D) 𝑝 + 𝑝 → Ʌ0 + Ʌ0 Answer:(c) Using conservation of baryon number and lepton number.

More Related Content

Nuclear

  • 1. Elementary particle SUBMITTED TO: Dr. K Dhoot and Giriraj Chayal SUBMITTED BY: VISHAL KUMAR JANGID,M.Sc(Final) 2016-17 JNVU (Department of Physics)
  • 2. People have long asked: "What is the world made of?" and "What holds it together?"  What is the World Made of?  People have come to realize that the matter of the world is made from a few fundamental building blocks of nature.  The word "fundamental" is key here. By fundamental building blocks we mean objects that are simple and structureless -- not made of anything smaller.  Even in ancient times, people sought to organize the world around them into fundamental elements, such as earth, air, fire, and water.
  • 3. The ATOM  Is the Atom is fundamental ???  Nope  Is the Nucleus Fundamental?  Because it appeared small, solid, and dense, scientists originally thought that the nucleus was fundamental. Later, they discovered that it was made of protons (p+), which are positively charged, and neutrons (n), which have no charge
  • 4.  Are protons and neutrons fundamental?  Physicists have discovered that protons and neutrons are composed of even smaller particles called quarks.  As far as we know, quarks are like points in geometry. They're not made up of anything else.  After extensively testing this theory, scientists now suspect that quarks and the electron are fundamental.
  • 8. Hadron(Greek word:middle)  Baryon  Are fermions  Obey fermi-dirac statistics  Meson  Are bosons  Obey bose-einstein statistics
  • 9. Nuclear quantum number  Spin  Charge  Lepton and baryon number  Parity  Isospin  Strangeness  Gell-mann-nishijima scheme  Hyper charge
  • 10. Conservation law  Conservation of Charge  Conservation of Lepton number {WEAK INTERACTION}  Conservation of Baryon number { ALL INTERACTION}  Conservation on Isospin {STRONG INTERACTION}  Conservation of Parity {STRONG,ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION}  Conservation of component of Isospin {STRONG,ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION}  Conservation of Hypercharge STRONG,ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION
  • 11. Example  Which of the following high eneergy processes is allowed by conervation? [GATE 2014] (A) 𝜇+ → 𝑒+ + 𝛾 (B) 𝑛 → 𝑝 + 𝑒− + 𝜗𝑒 (C) 𝜋− + 𝑝 → 𝜋0 + 𝑛0 (D) 𝑝 + 𝑝 → Ʌ0 + Ʌ0 Answer:(c) Using conservation of baryon number and lepton number.