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Rejith Raghavan

Critical pedagogy has its roots in critical theory and aims to help students question existing beliefs and power structures. It was influenced by Paulo Freire's work "Pedagogy of the Oppressed" and focuses on empowering oppressed groups through raising critical consciousness. Critical pedagogy views education as emancipatory and promotes understanding issues from different perspectives to facilitate social change. It encourages open discussion and recognizes multiple views on social issues.

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MILLATH COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION SOORANADU ONLINE ASSIGNMENT NAME : ASHA. P SUBJECT : ENGLISH REGISTER NO : 16514375008
TOPIC:- CRITICAL PEDAGOGY
INTRODUCTION: Critical pedagogy is an approach that attempts to help student’s questions and challenge the existing beliefs and practices. It helps them achieve critical consciousness. It takes the issue of power as its central concern in the context of teaching and learning .It focuses on how and in whose interests knowledge is produced and ‘passed on’ and views the ideal aim of education as emancipator y. Critical pedagogy has its roots in the critical theory of Frankfurt school, which influenced the Brazilian educator Paulo foe ire, the most renowned critical educator. His famous work ‘pedagogy of the oppressed’ inspired many educational thinkers. Critical pedagogy provides an opportunity to reflect critically on issues in terms of their political, social, economic and moral aspects. It entails acceptance of multiple views on social issues and a commitment to democratic ways of interaction. A critical frame work helps children to see social issues from different perspectives and understand how such issues are connected to their lives. It facilities collective decision making through open discussion and by encouraging and recognizing multiple views. The basic notion of critical pedagogy is that there is an unequal social stratification in our society with regard to caste, class, race and gender. The theories of Marcuse and frère held that the inequalities existing in a society were possible to be overcome. It would be so when
oppressed became aware of the hegemony which held them captive. They were slaves to a belief system which was an integral part of the dominant culture. Ones the oppressed become aware of their situation they can critique it to determine what is wrong and what should be and then make decisions and take actions toward the perceived needed change.
Content Critical pedagogy has its roots in the critical theory of the Frankfurt school, which influenced the Brazilian educated Paulo freire, the most renowned critical educator. His famous work “pedagogy of the oppressed” inspired many educational thinkers like Douglas kellner, Henry Levin, John good lad and Ira Shor. “Radical teacher” is a magazine dedicated to critical pedagogy and issues of interest to critical educators. “Rouge forum” is an online organization led by people concerned with critical pedagogy. The term Frankfort school refers to the neo Marxian social theory characteristic of the institute for social research founded on February 3th, 1923 at the university of Frankfort. Critical theory is a term which came to be used to describe the dialectical social criticism of the Frankfort school. An important tenet of the theory is that the ideology critique and resists oppressive regimes of power. This idea is central to Frère’s notion of “Conscentisation that is the coming to critical consciousness. The effort of the Frankfort school to humanizing the pedagogy challenged inequality and oppression in the educational ideas which later came to be known as critical pedagogy. Hence Paulo Frere stands out as the central figure amongst critical educators.
Ira shor defines critical pedagogy as “habits of thought, reading, writing and speaking which go beneath the surface meaning, first impressions, dominant myths, official pronouncements, traditional cliché’s, received wisdom and mere opinions to understand the deep meaning, root causes, social context, ideology and personal consequences of any action, event, object, process, organization, experience, text, subject matter, policy, mass media or discourse”. According to shor “when pedagogy and curricular policy reflect egalitarian goals, they do what education can do”. She identifies the following principle goals of critical pedagogy.  Oppose socialization with de socialization.  Choose critical consciousness over commercial consciousness.  Transformation of society over reproduction of in equality.  Challenge student withdrawal through participatory courses.  Promote democracy by practicing it and by studying authoritarianism.  Illuminate the myths supporting the elite hierarchy of society.
The social constructivist perspective, the present curriculum focuses on the setting up of a community of scientific enquiry. This shared environment of knowledge construction will certainly acknowledge the basic concept of critical pedagogy. If the students are confronted with a critical approach to teaching they are most likely to participate in the learning process with a critical perspective of their own. If students are able to connect what they are face in the world outside, they will be gradually develop the power of challenge social dominations in the society. Another way to promoted critical pedagogy in the classroom is issue based approach which sets a classroom that promotes open dialog, on which the students rely their options about social issues because in critical pedagogy the subjects for educational programs flow from learning own life situations. The problem that lie at the heart of their concern. Critical pedagogy provides an opportunity to reflect critically on issues in terms of their political, social, economic and moral aspect. It entails acceptance of multiple views on social issues and a commitment to see social issues from different perspectives and understand house such issues are connected to their lives.
CONCLUSION Critical pedagogy is a tool that focuses on the development of critical consciousness which enables learners to recognize connections between their individual problems and experiences and the social contexts in which they are embed. That is why critical educators focused their attention on teaching and learning. Practices that designed to raise learners ‘critical consciousness’ regarding oppressive social conditions. Critical pedagogy considers how education can provide individuals with tools to better themselves and strengthen democracy to create a more egalitarian society and the possibilities for social change through schools. The post modernism has posed a challenge to freemen critical pedagogy. For post modernists reality or meaning cannot have definite a fixed truth. Whereas reality or meaning comes as an interpretation or a contingent, known as destruction. So there cannot be one truth or one correct narrative or one accurate form of knowledge or way of knowing. The basic notion of critical pedagogy is an unequal social stratification in our society with regard to caste , class ,race and gender. With regard to English language education, critical pedagogy has made its strong pervasive influence from the very beginning in India came under the British colonial rule in the 18th century. Critical pedagogy is of central importance in creating better and more fully realized individuals as well as good society. Critical philosophies of education becomes a key to social critique of the existing models of pedagogy and also present alternative progressive models relevant to our contemporary situation.

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Online assignment

  • 1. MILLATH COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION SOORANADU ONLINE ASSIGNMENT NAME : ASHA. P SUBJECT : ENGLISH REGISTER NO : 16514375008
  • 3. INTRODUCTION: Critical pedagogy is an approach that attempts to help student’s questions and challenge the existing beliefs and practices. It helps them achieve critical consciousness. It takes the issue of power as its central concern in the context of teaching and learning .It focuses on how and in whose interests knowledge is produced and ‘passed on’ and views the ideal aim of education as emancipator y. Critical pedagogy has its roots in the critical theory of Frankfurt school, which influenced the Brazilian educator Paulo foe ire, the most renowned critical educator. His famous work ‘pedagogy of the oppressed’ inspired many educational thinkers. Critical pedagogy provides an opportunity to reflect critically on issues in terms of their political, social, economic and moral aspects. It entails acceptance of multiple views on social issues and a commitment to democratic ways of interaction. A critical frame work helps children to see social issues from different perspectives and understand how such issues are connected to their lives. It facilities collective decision making through open discussion and by encouraging and recognizing multiple views. The basic notion of critical pedagogy is that there is an unequal social stratification in our society with regard to caste, class, race and gender. The theories of Marcuse and frère held that the inequalities existing in a society were possible to be overcome. It would be so when
  • 4. oppressed became aware of the hegemony which held them captive. They were slaves to a belief system which was an integral part of the dominant culture. Ones the oppressed become aware of their situation they can critique it to determine what is wrong and what should be and then make decisions and take actions toward the perceived needed change.
  • 5. Content Critical pedagogy has its roots in the critical theory of the Frankfurt school, which influenced the Brazilian educated Paulo freire, the most renowned critical educator. His famous work “pedagogy of the oppressed” inspired many educational thinkers like Douglas kellner, Henry Levin, John good lad and Ira Shor. “Radical teacher” is a magazine dedicated to critical pedagogy and issues of interest to critical educators. “Rouge forum” is an online organization led by people concerned with critical pedagogy. The term Frankfort school refers to the neo Marxian social theory characteristic of the institute for social research founded on February 3th, 1923 at the university of Frankfort. Critical theory is a term which came to be used to describe the dialectical social criticism of the Frankfort school. An important tenet of the theory is that the ideology critique and resists oppressive regimes of power. This idea is central to Frère’s notion of “Conscentisation that is the coming to critical consciousness. The effort of the Frankfort school to humanizing the pedagogy challenged inequality and oppression in the educational ideas which later came to be known as critical pedagogy. Hence Paulo Frere stands out as the central figure amongst critical educators.
  • 6. Ira shor defines critical pedagogy as “habits of thought, reading, writing and speaking which go beneath the surface meaning, first impressions, dominant myths, official pronouncements, traditional cliché’s, received wisdom and mere opinions to understand the deep meaning, root causes, social context, ideology and personal consequences of any action, event, object, process, organization, experience, text, subject matter, policy, mass media or discourse”. According to shor “when pedagogy and curricular policy reflect egalitarian goals, they do what education can do”. She identifies the following principle goals of critical pedagogy.  Oppose socialization with de socialization.  Choose critical consciousness over commercial consciousness.  Transformation of society over reproduction of in equality.  Challenge student withdrawal through participatory courses.  Promote democracy by practicing it and by studying authoritarianism.  Illuminate the myths supporting the elite hierarchy of society.
  • 7. The social constructivist perspective, the present curriculum focuses on the setting up of a community of scientific enquiry. This shared environment of knowledge construction will certainly acknowledge the basic concept of critical pedagogy. If the students are confronted with a critical approach to teaching they are most likely to participate in the learning process with a critical perspective of their own. If students are able to connect what they are face in the world outside, they will be gradually develop the power of challenge social dominations in the society. Another way to promoted critical pedagogy in the classroom is issue based approach which sets a classroom that promotes open dialog, on which the students rely their options about social issues because in critical pedagogy the subjects for educational programs flow from learning own life situations. The problem that lie at the heart of their concern. Critical pedagogy provides an opportunity to reflect critically on issues in terms of their political, social, economic and moral aspect. It entails acceptance of multiple views on social issues and a commitment to see social issues from different perspectives and understand house such issues are connected to their lives.
  • 8. CONCLUSION Critical pedagogy is a tool that focuses on the development of critical consciousness which enables learners to recognize connections between their individual problems and experiences and the social contexts in which they are embed. That is why critical educators focused their attention on teaching and learning. Practices that designed to raise learners ‘critical consciousness’ regarding oppressive social conditions. Critical pedagogy considers how education can provide individuals with tools to better themselves and strengthen democracy to create a more egalitarian society and the possibilities for social change through schools. The post modernism has posed a challenge to freemen critical pedagogy. For post modernists reality or meaning cannot have definite a fixed truth. Whereas reality or meaning comes as an interpretation or a contingent, known as destruction. So there cannot be one truth or one correct narrative or one accurate form of knowledge or way of knowing. The basic notion of critical pedagogy is an unequal social stratification in our society with regard to caste , class ,race and gender. With regard to English language education, critical pedagogy has made its strong pervasive influence from the very beginning in India came under the British colonial rule in the 18th century. Critical pedagogy is of central importance in creating better and more fully realized individuals as well as good society. Critical philosophies of education becomes a key to social critique of the existing models of pedagogy and also present alternative progressive models relevant to our contemporary situation.