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Performance of the Philippine National Police in the Implementation of Anti-Illegal Drug Program in the Municipality of San Gabriel, La Union

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Jo Balucanag - Bitonio
Jo Balucanag - Bitonio

MPA Thesis major in Development Management and Public Safety Administration, L-NU Dagupan City March 2011

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Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page i PERFORMANCE OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONALPOLICE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUG PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SAN GABRIEL ___________________________ A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School LYCEUM – NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Dagupan City _______________________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Degree Master in Public Administration By: GERARDO VILUAN MANZANO April, 2011
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page ii CERTIFICATION AND APPROVAL SHEET This thesis “PERFORMANCE OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUG PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SAN GABRIEL, LA UNION’, ” has been prepared and submitted by GERARDO V. MANZANO in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION” on March 2, 2011. JOSEFINA B. BITONIO, DPA Adviser Thesis Committee ROMANA O. FABREGAS, Ph.D. Chairman JOSEPHINE T. FLORES, DPA CYNTHIA P. LOPEZ, Ph.D. Member Member Approved on March 2, 2011 by the Panel of Examiners on Oral Examination with A grade of 95%. ROMANA O. FABREGAS, Ph.D. Chairman JOSEPHINE T. FLORES, DPA CYNTHIA P. LOPEZ, Ph.D. Member Member Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION. Comprehensive Exam 97% Date: June 6, & 13, 2010 ROMANA O. FABREGAS, Ph.D. Dean, Graduate School
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page iii CERTIFICATION OF THE READING COMMITTEE This is to certify that the undersigned members of the Reading Committee have read the thesis of GERARDO V. MANZANO entitled ”PERFORMANCE OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI- ILLEGAL DRUG PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SAN GABRIEL, LA UNION” The committee found the thesis acceptable in accordance with the requirements and standards in thesis writing. He is recommended for Final Oral Examination on his thesis on March 2, 2011. ROMANA O. FABREGAS, Ph.D. Chairman JOSEFINA B. BITONIO,DPA JOSEPHINE T. FLORES, DPA Adviser Member CYNTHIA P. LOPEZ, Ph.D. Member
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The researcher wishes to express his heartfelt and profound gratitude to all those who unselfishly contributed to the realization of this academic endeavor. Specifically, he invokes the Almighty’s blessings upon the following: Dr. Romana O. Fabregas Dean of the Graduate School, for her scholarly suggestions that have greatly improved the paper. Dr. Josefina B. Bitonio, his adviser, for her patience and never ending advice, continuous support up to the completion of this endeavor; Dr. Josephine T. Flores and Dr. Cynthis P. Lopez of LNU Graduate School, for all their valuable comments and suggestions; Dr. Lucila M. Caccam, for her constructive comments and assistance in reviewing the final version of the manuscript; Hon Divina D. Velasco, Municipal Mayor of San Gabriel and her secretary, Roselyn Buyao for the assistance extended during the conduct of the study All the employees of the LNU- Graduate School, Dagupan City, for being hospitable and courteous every time we rubbed elbows in their offices; Police Inspector Barnardo C. Manzano and all the Commissioned and Non Commissioned PNP personnel of San Gabriel, La Union for giving their unwavering assistance and support in gathering data and information that significantly contributed to the completion of this study;
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page v The civil society for their valuable information that has been part of the study. His dearest wife Pear, and children namely Leezchelle and Geezchelle who served as his inspirations in the completion of this thesis; and Above all, Almighty God, whom he gets his vigor and knowledge that served as his weapon and screen in making this masterpiece a success. GERARDO V. MANZANO
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page vi DEDICATION The war against drugs has been going on since the early 1980’s. Ending the war on drugs is like a never ending battle. We cannot fight this war alone. This should be the time that the municipality of San Gabriel, La Union needs to be one as illegal drug created drug abuse problem to individual and society. This humble piece of work is dedicated to the men and women of the Philippine National Police for their courageous and honorable deeds in protecting the citizenry. .
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page vii THESIS ABSTRACT Title : PERFORMANCE OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUG PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SAN GABRIEL, LA UNION Author : GERARDO V. MANZANO Degree : Master in Public Administration Institution : Lyceum – Northwestern University Graduate Studies Department Dagupan City Date : March 2, 2011 Page : 102 Adviser : JOSEFINA B. BITONIO, DPA Abstract : The study assessed the performance of the Philippine National Police in the implementation of anti-illegal drug program in the municipality of San Gabriel, La Union from 2008 - 2010. Descriptive design was employed in the conduct of research with respondents coming from San Gabriel PNP, LGU Municipal Office, and Drug Affected Barangays . SUMMARY OF FINDINGS Professional Profile of the PNP. a) Educational Attainment. Majority of the PNP personnel in San Gabriel, La Union are college graduates while only few went further to earn masteral units in the post graduate studies. b) Position and Rank. Whereas more than half (61.53%) of the PNP personnel have the ranks of
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page viii Police Officer I (PO1) - Police Officer III (PO3). On the Other hand, (30.77%) are either Senior Police Officer I (SPO1) or Senior Police Officer II (SPO2). The police force is led by a Police Chief Inspector (7.70%), c) Length of Service. The study revealed that more one-half (53.84%) of the personnel rendered than ten years. The rest (23.08%) have served for 11-20 years and the remaining (23.08%), 21-30 years. d) Trainings Attended Related to Drug. In terms of drug – related training, majority of the PNP personnel (46.15%) have attended not more than three (3) training, whereas (30.76%) of them have been to 4-5 trainings, very few (23.07%) have gone to attend 6-7 trainings within the period 2007-2009.All in all, only a small percentage have been expose to drug related trainings. Level of implementation of the anti-illegal Drugs Prevention Program. a.) Information and Education Campaign. Data showed that education campaign along the following activities are “least implemented”. Vigorous public communication on anti illegal drug through anti-drug campaign coverage in the news media, and community activities (2.31); educate youth to reject illegal drugs (2.42); campaign activities to prevent youth from initiating use of drugs, especially marijuana and inhalants (2.76) and encouraging school and community to promote anti-drug themes (2.68) were both rated “moderately implemented”. The summated sum for information and education campaign is 2.52 which means that the program is “least implemented”. b) Partnership with the Local Government Units on Policy Formulation on a Drug Free Community. The data revealed that partnership between LGU and PNP on public campaign newspapers, magazines, billboards, and the Internet were rated was rated “least implemented” (2.56.). In contrast all the
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page ix other activities were “moderately implemented” support anti-drug public policies and anti-drug actions of community institutions (2.69), Public drug-related discussions on anti drug theme and anti drug messages (2.88), partnership in-school drug education (2.79), and partnership in anti-drug programs in community (2.78) have a descriptive rating of “moderately implemented”. The summated mean for partnership with the Local Government Units on policy formulation on a drug free community was 2.74 rated as “moderately implemented”. The overall level of implementation of the Anti-Illegal Drugs Prevention Program is “moderately implemented” as shown by the grand mean of 2.63. Status of performance on supply reduction and demand reduction. a) Supply Reduction. According to the findings of the study, all the dimensions in supply reduction were rated “fair” in the performance of PNP. More specifically, these are conducts buy bust operation, search and seizure, mobile checkpoint operation, undercover operation and narcotics investigation (2.09), continuous coordination with the Barangay Drug Watch (2.49), conduct of random checkpoint to preempt transport of contraband (2.29), clearing/neutralized of personality listed in the OB/Drug Watch (2.15) and Arrest cultivators (2.49) were rated as “fair” in the performance of PNP. All in all, supply reduction for illegal drugs is described as “fair” as evident in the summated mean of 2.30. b) Demand Reduction. As observed by the respondents the indicators for demand reduction for illegal drugs were rated “fair” in the performance of PNP in the following aspects adoption and implementation of the DARE (Drugs Abuse Resistance Education) program to combat drug abuse (2.59), strict adherence to the Anti- drug operational procedures.
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page x (2.42), anti –drug campaign shall increase the volume of drug related arrest (2.52), drug testing of High school students (2.35) and continuous conduct of barangay visitation/dialogue with BADAC and barangay folks (2.55) have a descriptive rating of “fair” in the PNP performance. The summated mean of 2.48 revealed a descriptive rating of “fair”. The grand mean is 2.39 meaning the activities for demand reduction by the PNP is “fair”. Problems encountered by the PNP and how serious these are. Data revealed that the most pressing problem encountered by the PNP and rates as “much serious”, is the inability of the PNP to combat the demand for, as well as the availability and distribution of illicit drugs (3.59). Rated as “Moderately serious” problems are the following: Poor detection and control (3.38), lack of strict inspection procedure (3.40), insufficient fund for media campaign operations and advertisement (3.25), inactive Barangay Anti-Illegal Drug Councils (3.39), weak prevention program for illicit drug use (3.39), No joint effort between the Government, the private sector and civil society to address the social problems caused by drug misuse and abuse (3.35), inability to reduce the prevalence of drug use amongst the population, thereby minimizing the social harm and damage to the well-being of society (3.35), and inability to reduce the prevalence of drug use amongst the population, thereby minimizing the social harm and damage to the well-being of society (3.40). The least serious are inadequate support from the LGU (2.35) and poor crime investigation (2.45) were considered less serious. All in all the summated mean is 3.19 means all the encountered problems were found to be “moderately serious”
Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page xi Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were arrived at: 1) The PNP in San Gabriel, La Union are highly educated, lower rank officers, relatively young in service and less trained in drug prevention program, 2) The level of implementation of the anti-illegal Drugs Prevention Program on information and education is “least implemented” while partnership with the Local Government Units on policy formulation on a drug free community is “moderately implemented”, 3) The status of performance on supply reduction and demand reduction is “fair” and 4) Problems encountered by the PNP are “moderately serious”. On the basis of the foregoing findings and conclusions, the following recommendations were formulated. 1) The Local Government Unit of San Gabriel should be tapped to allocate funds for the maintenance and other operating expenses of the Anti-Illegal Drug Prevention Program of the municipality so as not to disrupt the said program. A sound government policy must be geared towards the production and provision of adequate high quality Information and Communication Technology (ICT) services and equipment that match the need for surveillance and monitoring of suspects, 2) The PNP Chief should plan operational approaches and funds for communication activities must be sourced out including travel expenses, operating expenses for the mobility of the police forces, 3) Improvement of educational and information campaign must be spearheaded. The language or dialect must be easily understood by partner civil society and the community; and, 4) Further; the implementation of the proposed communication plan is hereby forwarded to the PNP for review and adoption.

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Performance of the Philippine National Police in the Implementation of Anti-Illegal Drug Program in the Municipality of San Gabriel, La Union

  • 1. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page i PERFORMANCE OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONALPOLICE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUG PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SAN GABRIEL ___________________________ A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School LYCEUM – NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Dagupan City _______________________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Degree Master in Public Administration By: GERARDO VILUAN MANZANO April, 2011
  • 2. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page ii CERTIFICATION AND APPROVAL SHEET This thesis “PERFORMANCE OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUG PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SAN GABRIEL, LA UNION’, ” has been prepared and submitted by GERARDO V. MANZANO in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION” on March 2, 2011. JOSEFINA B. BITONIO, DPA Adviser Thesis Committee ROMANA O. FABREGAS, Ph.D. Chairman JOSEPHINE T. FLORES, DPA CYNTHIA P. LOPEZ, Ph.D. Member Member Approved on March 2, 2011 by the Panel of Examiners on Oral Examination with A grade of 95%. ROMANA O. FABREGAS, Ph.D. Chairman JOSEPHINE T. FLORES, DPA CYNTHIA P. LOPEZ, Ph.D. Member Member Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION. Comprehensive Exam 97% Date: June 6, & 13, 2010 ROMANA O. FABREGAS, Ph.D. Dean, Graduate School
  • 3. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page iii CERTIFICATION OF THE READING COMMITTEE This is to certify that the undersigned members of the Reading Committee have read the thesis of GERARDO V. MANZANO entitled ”PERFORMANCE OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI- ILLEGAL DRUG PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SAN GABRIEL, LA UNION” The committee found the thesis acceptable in accordance with the requirements and standards in thesis writing. He is recommended for Final Oral Examination on his thesis on March 2, 2011. ROMANA O. FABREGAS, Ph.D. Chairman JOSEFINA B. BITONIO,DPA JOSEPHINE T. FLORES, DPA Adviser Member CYNTHIA P. LOPEZ, Ph.D. Member
  • 4. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The researcher wishes to express his heartfelt and profound gratitude to all those who unselfishly contributed to the realization of this academic endeavor. Specifically, he invokes the Almighty’s blessings upon the following: Dr. Romana O. Fabregas Dean of the Graduate School, for her scholarly suggestions that have greatly improved the paper. Dr. Josefina B. Bitonio, his adviser, for her patience and never ending advice, continuous support up to the completion of this endeavor; Dr. Josephine T. Flores and Dr. Cynthis P. Lopez of LNU Graduate School, for all their valuable comments and suggestions; Dr. Lucila M. Caccam, for her constructive comments and assistance in reviewing the final version of the manuscript; Hon Divina D. Velasco, Municipal Mayor of San Gabriel and her secretary, Roselyn Buyao for the assistance extended during the conduct of the study All the employees of the LNU- Graduate School, Dagupan City, for being hospitable and courteous every time we rubbed elbows in their offices; Police Inspector Barnardo C. Manzano and all the Commissioned and Non Commissioned PNP personnel of San Gabriel, La Union for giving their unwavering assistance and support in gathering data and information that significantly contributed to the completion of this study;
  • 5. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page v The civil society for their valuable information that has been part of the study. His dearest wife Pear, and children namely Leezchelle and Geezchelle who served as his inspirations in the completion of this thesis; and Above all, Almighty God, whom he gets his vigor and knowledge that served as his weapon and screen in making this masterpiece a success. GERARDO V. MANZANO
  • 6. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page vi DEDICATION The war against drugs has been going on since the early 1980’s. Ending the war on drugs is like a never ending battle. We cannot fight this war alone. This should be the time that the municipality of San Gabriel, La Union needs to be one as illegal drug created drug abuse problem to individual and society. This humble piece of work is dedicated to the men and women of the Philippine National Police for their courageous and honorable deeds in protecting the citizenry. .
  • 7. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page vii THESIS ABSTRACT Title : PERFORMANCE OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUG PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SAN GABRIEL, LA UNION Author : GERARDO V. MANZANO Degree : Master in Public Administration Institution : Lyceum – Northwestern University Graduate Studies Department Dagupan City Date : March 2, 2011 Page : 102 Adviser : JOSEFINA B. BITONIO, DPA Abstract : The study assessed the performance of the Philippine National Police in the implementation of anti-illegal drug program in the municipality of San Gabriel, La Union from 2008 - 2010. Descriptive design was employed in the conduct of research with respondents coming from San Gabriel PNP, LGU Municipal Office, and Drug Affected Barangays . SUMMARY OF FINDINGS Professional Profile of the PNP. a) Educational Attainment. Majority of the PNP personnel in San Gabriel, La Union are college graduates while only few went further to earn masteral units in the post graduate studies. b) Position and Rank. Whereas more than half (61.53%) of the PNP personnel have the ranks of
  • 8. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page viii Police Officer I (PO1) - Police Officer III (PO3). On the Other hand, (30.77%) are either Senior Police Officer I (SPO1) or Senior Police Officer II (SPO2). The police force is led by a Police Chief Inspector (7.70%), c) Length of Service. The study revealed that more one-half (53.84%) of the personnel rendered than ten years. The rest (23.08%) have served for 11-20 years and the remaining (23.08%), 21-30 years. d) Trainings Attended Related to Drug. In terms of drug – related training, majority of the PNP personnel (46.15%) have attended not more than three (3) training, whereas (30.76%) of them have been to 4-5 trainings, very few (23.07%) have gone to attend 6-7 trainings within the period 2007-2009.All in all, only a small percentage have been expose to drug related trainings. Level of implementation of the anti-illegal Drugs Prevention Program. a.) Information and Education Campaign. Data showed that education campaign along the following activities are “least implemented”. Vigorous public communication on anti illegal drug through anti-drug campaign coverage in the news media, and community activities (2.31); educate youth to reject illegal drugs (2.42); campaign activities to prevent youth from initiating use of drugs, especially marijuana and inhalants (2.76) and encouraging school and community to promote anti-drug themes (2.68) were both rated “moderately implemented”. The summated sum for information and education campaign is 2.52 which means that the program is “least implemented”. b) Partnership with the Local Government Units on Policy Formulation on a Drug Free Community. The data revealed that partnership between LGU and PNP on public campaign newspapers, magazines, billboards, and the Internet were rated was rated “least implemented” (2.56.). In contrast all the
  • 9. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page ix other activities were “moderately implemented” support anti-drug public policies and anti-drug actions of community institutions (2.69), Public drug-related discussions on anti drug theme and anti drug messages (2.88), partnership in-school drug education (2.79), and partnership in anti-drug programs in community (2.78) have a descriptive rating of “moderately implemented”. The summated mean for partnership with the Local Government Units on policy formulation on a drug free community was 2.74 rated as “moderately implemented”. The overall level of implementation of the Anti-Illegal Drugs Prevention Program is “moderately implemented” as shown by the grand mean of 2.63. Status of performance on supply reduction and demand reduction. a) Supply Reduction. According to the findings of the study, all the dimensions in supply reduction were rated “fair” in the performance of PNP. More specifically, these are conducts buy bust operation, search and seizure, mobile checkpoint operation, undercover operation and narcotics investigation (2.09), continuous coordination with the Barangay Drug Watch (2.49), conduct of random checkpoint to preempt transport of contraband (2.29), clearing/neutralized of personality listed in the OB/Drug Watch (2.15) and Arrest cultivators (2.49) were rated as “fair” in the performance of PNP. All in all, supply reduction for illegal drugs is described as “fair” as evident in the summated mean of 2.30. b) Demand Reduction. As observed by the respondents the indicators for demand reduction for illegal drugs were rated “fair” in the performance of PNP in the following aspects adoption and implementation of the DARE (Drugs Abuse Resistance Education) program to combat drug abuse (2.59), strict adherence to the Anti- drug operational procedures.
  • 10. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page x (2.42), anti –drug campaign shall increase the volume of drug related arrest (2.52), drug testing of High school students (2.35) and continuous conduct of barangay visitation/dialogue with BADAC and barangay folks (2.55) have a descriptive rating of “fair” in the PNP performance. The summated mean of 2.48 revealed a descriptive rating of “fair”. The grand mean is 2.39 meaning the activities for demand reduction by the PNP is “fair”. Problems encountered by the PNP and how serious these are. Data revealed that the most pressing problem encountered by the PNP and rates as “much serious”, is the inability of the PNP to combat the demand for, as well as the availability and distribution of illicit drugs (3.59). Rated as “Moderately serious” problems are the following: Poor detection and control (3.38), lack of strict inspection procedure (3.40), insufficient fund for media campaign operations and advertisement (3.25), inactive Barangay Anti-Illegal Drug Councils (3.39), weak prevention program for illicit drug use (3.39), No joint effort between the Government, the private sector and civil society to address the social problems caused by drug misuse and abuse (3.35), inability to reduce the prevalence of drug use amongst the population, thereby minimizing the social harm and damage to the well-being of society (3.35), and inability to reduce the prevalence of drug use amongst the population, thereby minimizing the social harm and damage to the well-being of society (3.40). The least serious are inadequate support from the LGU (2.35) and poor crime investigation (2.45) were considered less serious. All in all the summated mean is 3.19 means all the encountered problems were found to be “moderately serious”
  • 11. Lyceum-Northwestern University Graduate Studies Page xi Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were arrived at: 1) The PNP in San Gabriel, La Union are highly educated, lower rank officers, relatively young in service and less trained in drug prevention program, 2) The level of implementation of the anti-illegal Drugs Prevention Program on information and education is “least implemented” while partnership with the Local Government Units on policy formulation on a drug free community is “moderately implemented”, 3) The status of performance on supply reduction and demand reduction is “fair” and 4) Problems encountered by the PNP are “moderately serious”. On the basis of the foregoing findings and conclusions, the following recommendations were formulated. 1) The Local Government Unit of San Gabriel should be tapped to allocate funds for the maintenance and other operating expenses of the Anti-Illegal Drug Prevention Program of the municipality so as not to disrupt the said program. A sound government policy must be geared towards the production and provision of adequate high quality Information and Communication Technology (ICT) services and equipment that match the need for surveillance and monitoring of suspects, 2) The PNP Chief should plan operational approaches and funds for communication activities must be sourced out including travel expenses, operating expenses for the mobility of the police forces, 3) Improvement of educational and information campaign must be spearheaded. The language or dialect must be easily understood by partner civil society and the community; and, 4) Further; the implementation of the proposed communication plan is hereby forwarded to the PNP for review and adoption.