Linkages between donor and partner organizations are important for effective information sharing, but establishing and maintaining them requires substantial time, effort and resources. The document outlines a four step planning cycle to develop effective linkage strategies: 1) define linkage strategies and objectives with partners, 2) identify potential mechanisms, 3) develop action plans, and 4) periodically monitor and assess progress. Key factors for successful linkage planning include awareness, consensus, commitment, adequate funding, and involvement of stakeholders at all levels.
2. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
• Linkages are recognized as essential for an effective flow of
information between donor and partner organizations.
• The benefits of linkages between partner organizations must be
greater than the costs.
• Establishing and maintaining effective linkages is an expensive
and long-term process, and good judgment must be exercised in
building realistic strategies and action plans.
Planning Effective Linkages
Introduction
3. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Introduction
• Many linkage problems between donor and partner organizations
are caused by a lack of coordinated planning, poor communication
between linkage partners, and absence of follow through with
actual linkage resource planning or implementation.
• In addition, there is typically little or no involvement of partner
organizations in linkage planning.
• Uncoordinated donor involvement in linkage planning for projects
further complicates the situation.
4. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Roles & Responsibilities
Partner organizations
• Partners are the ultimate users of technology and information,
and they contribute to its flow by providing indigenous
knowledge and information and determining which technology
is useful and relevant.
Donor
• Donor should play a guiding role in linkage planning by
initiating such efforts for:
• carrying out research and services that result in improvements
for resource management;
• ensuring broad coverage information needs;
• Promoting the use of shared methods and processes for
linkage planning.
5. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Planning Cycle
Linkages require substantial and sustained attention to establish a strong
partner voice in decision making and to build cooperation and collaboration
among the principal actors.
Step 1
• Define research-technology user linkage strategies at different levels by
identifying the potential linkage partners;
• defining the linkage objectives and/or functions for the most important
partners at each level;
• identifying an array of potential linkage mechanisms by type of partner and
linkage functions/ objectives;
• preparing linkage strategies that specify the partners, the linkage
functions/objectives, and the linkage mechanisms.
6. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Planning Cycle
Step 2
• Define research-technology user linkage strategies at different levels
by identifying the potential linkage partners;
• defining the linkage objectives and/or functions for the most
important partners at each level;
• identifying an array of potential linkage mechanisms by type of
partner and linkage functions/ objectives;
• preparing linkage strategies that specify the partners
7. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Planning Cycle
Step 3
• Develop action plans to solve linkage problems by identifying the necessary
linkage mechanisms required for each linkage channel at national, regional, and
district levels;
• identifying the resource costs (funds, staff, equipment) and estimating budgets
for plans at each level;
• identifying contributions to be made by each partner organization for the action
plans;
• assigning responsibilities and a time frame, and implementing the content of the
plans.
8. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Planning Cycle
Step 4
• Periodically monitor and assess the linkage strategy
and action plans by assigning monitoring and
assessment responsibilities;
• monitoring action plan implementation;
• periodically reviewing and adjusting strategies and
action plans.
9. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Attention Areas
Awareness, consensus, and commitment
• Any lack of awareness, lack of agreement on linkage planning
procedures, or lack of commitment to sustained linkage
planning and implementation by actors involved in such
initiatives may undermine efforts to coordinate linkage
activities.
Approval and support
• Support for and endorsement of the linkage planning
procedures, plans and activities by decision makers are
necessary for their successful inclusion in donor budgets.
10. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Attention Areas
Participation of policy and high-level decision makers
• Ultimately, the involvement of policy and donor actors in the linkage
planning process is necessary for a successful and sustainable effort.
• Unless these actors are involved in a meaningful way, the likelihood
of their support in funding and cooperating with linkage activities is
limited.
Time factors
• The establishment and implementation of linkage plans have
numerous institutional implications for participating organizations
that fall into the category of institutional change.
• Such changes often require considerable time and attention, and
approval at various levels in each organization.
11. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Attention Areas
Adequate Funding
• Sufficient funding from reliable sources for the linkage
planning process must be available on a sustained basis.
Monitoring and adjustment
• Improving linkages is a continual process.
• Linkage strategies and action plans need to be regularly
assessed and adjusted to changes in farmer needs and
funding availability.
12. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Attention Areas
Responsibility
• Maintenance of a linkage task force, or committees responsible for
linkage planning, implementation, and adjustments is needed to
sustain good linkage planning over time.
Stakeholder Acceptance
• Other stakeholders, especially donors, are more likely to accept
alternatives to linkage planning which result from an organized effort
and produce solutions based on careful analysis of linkage
constraints.
13. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Attention Areas
Multiple levels
• Linkage planning must be addressed at multiple
levels to have practical results.
• This implies a substantial effort for ensuring that
budgeting and scheduling plans are actually carried
out.
• Unless linkage planning and implementation occur
at local levels, they will have little impact on the
existing situation.
14. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Planning Effective Linkages
Conditions for success
The following are some conditions for success in linkage
planning:
• awareness of the importance of linkages;
• consensus among key actors involved;
• commitment to linkage planning and implementation efforts at
all levels;
• adequate funding for the linkage planning process;
• involvement of donors and policymakers.
15. By Abdul Qadir Arbab
Introduction Benefits
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