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Plant parts

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Bridget.Bradshaw

The document summarizes the basic parts of a plant including roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. It describes the functions of each part. Roots anchor the plant and absorb water and minerals, transporting them to the stem. Leaves make food through photosynthesis, facilitate gas exchange, and store food. Stems transport water, minerals, and food throughout the plant and support leaves and flowers. Flowers contain reproductive organs to produce seeds and fruit.

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Basic Parts of the Plant Roots Stems Leaves Flower
Leaves 1. Make food through photosynthesis 2. Provide site of gas exchange 3. Store food
Roots 1. Anchor Plant 2. Absorb water and minerals 3. Translocate water and minerals to stem 4. Store Food
2 main types of Roots
Different type of Roots A. Tap Root ◦ Continuation of the primary root ◦ Ideal for anchorage ◦ Penetration is greater for water ◦ Storage area for food made by photosynthesis
Different type of Roots B. Fibrous Roots ◦ Many finely branched secondary roots ◦ Shallow roots cover a large area  More effective absorption of water and minerals  Roots hold the soil to prevent erosion
Roots Root hairs: ◦ Tiny one celled hair like extensions of the epidermal cells located near the tips of the roots where vascular tissues have formed. ◦ Increase surface area ◦ Absorb water and minerals from soil
Stems 1. Translocate water, minerals and food to the leaves 2. Support the leaves and display them to light 3. Store Food
Specialized Stems B. Bulb (tulips, lillies, onions) ◦ Layers of fleshy scales that overlap each other ◦ Underground stem
Specialized Stems C. Tuber (potato, caladium) ◦ Food storage area ◦ Short, thick underground stem
Plant parts
Flowers 1. Contain organs for specialized sexual production 2. Produce seeds and fruit
Parts of the Flower Sepals ◦ Outer covering of the flower bud ◦ Protects the stamens and pistils when flower is in bud stage
Parts of the Flower Petals ◦ Brightly colored ◦ Protects stamen and pistils ◦ Attracts pollinating insects
Parts of the Flower Stamens ◦ Male Reproductive part ◦ Anther-produces pollen ◦ Filament-supports the anther
Parts of the Flower Pistil ◦ Female reproductive part ◦ Ovary  Enlarged portion at base of pistil  Produces ovules which develop into seeds ◦ Stigma  Holds the pollen grains
Parts of the Flower Style ◦ Connects the stigma with ovary ◦ Supports the stigma so that it can be pollinated
Complete and Incomplete Flowers Complete: have all four main parts ◦ Sepals ◦ Petals ◦ Stamens ◦ Pistils

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Plant parts

  • 1. Basic Parts of the Plant Roots Stems Leaves Flower
  • 2. Leaves 1. Make food through photosynthesis 2. Provide site of gas exchange 3. Store food
  • 3. Roots 1. Anchor Plant 2. Absorb water and minerals 3. Translocate water and minerals to stem 4. Store Food
  • 4. 2 main types of Roots
  • 5. Different type of Roots A. Tap Root ◦ Continuation of the primary root ◦ Ideal for anchorage ◦ Penetration is greater for water ◦ Storage area for food made by photosynthesis
  • 6. Different type of Roots B. Fibrous Roots ◦ Many finely branched secondary roots ◦ Shallow roots cover a large area  More effective absorption of water and minerals  Roots hold the soil to prevent erosion
  • 7. Roots Root hairs: ◦ Tiny one celled hair like extensions of the epidermal cells located near the tips of the roots where vascular tissues have formed. ◦ Increase surface area ◦ Absorb water and minerals from soil
  • 8. Stems 1. Translocate water, minerals and food to the leaves 2. Support the leaves and display them to light 3. Store Food
  • 9. Specialized Stems B. Bulb (tulips, lillies, onions) ◦ Layers of fleshy scales that overlap each other ◦ Underground stem
  • 10. Specialized Stems C. Tuber (potato, caladium) ◦ Food storage area ◦ Short, thick underground stem
  • 12. Flowers 1. Contain organs for specialized sexual production 2. Produce seeds and fruit
  • 13. Parts of the Flower Sepals ◦ Outer covering of the flower bud ◦ Protects the stamens and pistils when flower is in bud stage
  • 14. Parts of the Flower Petals ◦ Brightly colored ◦ Protects stamen and pistils ◦ Attracts pollinating insects
  • 15. Parts of the Flower Stamens ◦ Male Reproductive part ◦ Anther-produces pollen ◦ Filament-supports the anther
  • 16. Parts of the Flower Pistil ◦ Female reproductive part ◦ Ovary  Enlarged portion at base of pistil  Produces ovules which develop into seeds ◦ Stigma  Holds the pollen grains
  • 17. Parts of the Flower Style ◦ Connects the stigma with ovary ◦ Supports the stigma so that it can be pollinated
  • 18. Complete and Incomplete Flowers Complete: have all four main parts ◦ Sepals ◦ Petals ◦ Stamens ◦ Pistils