Plant reproduction- PowerPoint Presentation

Editor's Notes

1. Plant and animals have similarities on how they reproduce, grow, acquire and process nutrients for adaptation and survival.
2. Every organism has its specific way of reproducing its own species or offspring's. They may be reproduce through sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction.
3. Sexual reproduction increases genetic variability among offspring by generating unique combinations of genes inherited from two parents. (This is one of its advantage over asexual reproduction.
4. The reproductive shoots of the angiosperm's sporophyte. This modified leaves are separated by very short internodes, which they called as the determinate shoots, because they stop growing after the flower and fruit are formed.
5. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs of a flowering plant, whereas the sepals and petals are sterile. There is what we called as the pollen sacs where pollen is produced. Within the ovary are the ovules with the number depending on the species.
6. Pollen sacs are structures of a flower where pollen are produced. Within the ovary are the ovules with the number depending on the species.
7. Flowers maybe classified as incomplete flower which can be perfect, but imperfect flowers are always incomplete. Moreover, a complete flower is always perfect, but a perfect flower can be incomplete. So, How can we really identify if a flower of a plant is complete or incomplete, or might as well perfect or imperfect?
8. If both the stamen and pistil are present in a flower then it is considered to be as perfect flower, while if one is missing a flower, then, it is considered to be an imperfect flower.
9. Pollen grains, each consisting of a mature male gametophyte surrounded by a spore wall, are formed within pollen sacs (microsporangia) of anthers. An egg-producing female gametophyte, or embryo sac, forms within each ovule.
10. The entire ovary, meanwhile, develops into a fruit containing one or more seeds, depending on the species. When light, soil, and temperature conditions are suitable, seeds germinate and the embryo carried in the seed grows and develops into a seedling (Campbell & Reece, 2005).
11. After landing on a receptive stigma, a pollen grain absorbs moisture and germinates; that is, it produces a pollen tube that extends down between the cells of the style toward the ovary., that is what we called as the double fertilization.
12. From Ovule to Seed- After double fertilization, each ovule develops into a seed, and the ovary develops into a fruit enclosing the seed(s). As the embryo develops from the zygote, the seed stockpiles proteins, oils, and starch to varying extents, depending on the species. This is why seeds are such major sugar sinks. Initially, these nutrients are stored in the endosperm, but later in seed development in many species, the storage function of the endosperm is more or less taken over by the swelling cotyledons of the embryo (Campbell & Reece).
13. From Ovary to Fruit- While the seeds are developing from ovules, the ovary of the flower is developing into a fruit, which protects the enclosed seeds and, when mature, aids in their dispersal by wind or animals. Fertilization triggers hormonal changes that cause the ovary to begin its transformation into a fruit. If the flower has not been pollinated, fruit usually does not develop, and the entire flower withers and falls away. During fruit development, the ovary wall becomes the pericarp, the thickened wall of the fruit. As the ovary grows, the other parts of the flower wither and are shed (Campbell & Reece).