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Dr. Shalini Pandey
Dr. Shalini Pandey

There are four major organizational streams devoted to agricultural extension work in India: 1) the first line agricultural system of ICAR institutes and agricultural universities, 2) the extension system of the Ministry of Agriculture and state departments of agriculture, 3) the extension system of the Ministry of Rural Development and state development departments, and 4) the work done by voluntary organizations and businesses. The document then outlines the mission and vision of ICAR and lists its objectives related to education, research, consultancy, and rural development in agriculture and allied fields.

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:-DEEPTI KOTHARI I.D-38293
 1. 2. 3. 4. There are 4 major organizational streams devoted to extension work for ag. & R.D., in Indian context, these are:The first line agricultural system, comprising of mainly ICAR institutes & agricultural universities. Extension system of Ministry of ag. & State deptt. of ag. Extension system of Ministry of R.D & state develop. deptt. Work done by VOs, business houses etc.
a) Mission: Sustainable growth of Indian agriculture by interfacing education, research and extension initiatives complimented with efficient and effective institutional, infrastructure and policy support, that will create a proper fit between the humanity and its habitat. b) Vision: “To harness science to ensure comprehensive and sustained physical, economic and ecological access to food and livelihood security to all Indians, through generation, assessment, refinement and adoption of appropriate technologies.”
     To plan, undertake, aid, promote and co-ordinate education, research and its application in agriculture, agroforestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, home science and allied sciences. To act as clearing house of research and general information relating to agriculture, animal husbandry, home science and fisheries through its publications and information system, and instituting and promoting transfer of technology programmes. To provide, undertake and promote consultancy services in the fields of education, research, training and dissemination of information in agriculture, agroforestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, home science and allied sciences. To look into problems relating to broader areas of rural development concerning agriculture, including post-harvest technology, by developing cooperative programmes with other organizations such as the Indian Council of Social Sciences Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, and universities. To do other things considered necessary to attain objectives of the Society.
 1. 2. 3. 4. There are 4 TOT Projects of ICAR, namely:All India coordinated project on national demonstration (AICPND) Operational Research Project (ORP) Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK)/ Agricultural science centres Lab to Land Project (LLP)
 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The specific objectives of AICPND are:To demonstrate convincingly to the farmers & extension personnel To fully exploit these demonstrations for the purpose of training farmers & field extension functionaries To provide the research workers an opportunity to get first-hand knowledge of the problems being faced by the farmers. To determine the income and employment generation potentialities of the crops/ subjects under demonstration To influence the extension system of the state deptt. of ag. , VOs etc.
 1. 2. 3. 4. The specific objectives of ORP are:To test, adopt and demonstrate the new agricultural technology on farmer’s field To determine the profitability of the new technologies & their pace of spread of spread among farmers To identify the constraints both technological as well as socio-economic which are barrier to rapid change To demonstrate group action as a method of popularizing the modern technologies at a faster rate
 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.  Major objectives of KVK are:Plan & conduct surveys of operational areas Compile all relevant recommendations/ package of practices Plan and conduct production oriented, need-based, short & long term training courses Organize farm science clubs Develop and maintain the campus farms and demonstration units Provide practical training facilities of the centre Impart some general education to the rural illiterates Provide training facilities in home-making and nutrition education The mandates of KVK are to conduct:training programmes front-line demonstrations on-farm testing
 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. The specific objectives of LLP are:Study & understand the background and resources of the selected farmers and landless agricultural labourers Assist the farmers to develop feasible farm plans Guide & help the farmers in adopting improved technologies Organize training programmes and other ext. activities Make the farmers aware of the various opportunities and agencies Develop functional relations & linkages with the scientists & institutions Utilize this project as a feedback mechanism
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Statewide responsibility for teaching, research and extension education Integration of teaching, research and extension at all levels of university administration Multi-disciplinary team work in the development programmes of education, research and extension Quick communication of new knowledge to students in classrooms, extension personnel and farmers Programmes giving specialized training to rural youth and adult men & women Acceptance by all concerned in the university a philosophy of service to ag. and rural community & emphasis on programmes
AGRICUTURE INNOVATION SYSTEM AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION AGROPROCESSO AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION SYSTEM EXPORTE PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS NARI NARI NAES: Extension NARI nsi FARMERS INPUT SUPPLIERS NAEA NAEA NAEA NAETS: Education & training CREDIT LAND AGENCIES GOVERNMENT POLICY AND REGULATORY
Integrated Agricultural Research for Development schematic Ext. Org Educational Input Dealers Inst. Research Ins. Financial Inst. Farmers/ users NGOs Min./ Deptt./Agencies of govt. International & regional org. Farmer based org./ community based org.
ATMA DoA ICAR FFS FBO/SHG EXT. WORKER SAU KVK Agriclinic Input dealer Farmer trader processor wholeseller retailer NGOs Media/TV E- choupal INFORMATION EXCHANGE OF SOME AGRICULTURE EXTENSION APPROACHES IN INDIA consumer
      Post T & V period show decentralization of extension planning & control The use of group approach Use of para-extension workers Setting up of multi-disciplinary teams from SAUs Setting up of agri-clinic by private entrepreneurs Formation of registered societies like ATMA at the district level by integrating the functions of key stakeholders
    Public sector state DoA still dominates all provision of extension efforts done A large no. of agencies provide support and advisory support but they are restricted to certain regions and selected crops Public-private partnership is limited Remote areas and poor producers are poorly served by both private & public sector extension
 Apart from conventional system it implements innovative extension approaches such as, Technical contracts The (private) company led extension approach Participatory extension approach
 U.S.A with the changes in agriculture production sector also faced some dramatic changes:Networking still a primary role Cooperative extension service
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Ppt. deepi

  • 2.  1. 2. 3. 4. There are 4 major organizational streams devoted to extension work for ag. & R.D., in Indian context, these are:The first line agricultural system, comprising of mainly ICAR institutes & agricultural universities. Extension system of Ministry of ag. & State deptt. of ag. Extension system of Ministry of R.D & state develop. deptt. Work done by VOs, business houses etc.
  • 3. a) Mission: Sustainable growth of Indian agriculture by interfacing education, research and extension initiatives complimented with efficient and effective institutional, infrastructure and policy support, that will create a proper fit between the humanity and its habitat. b) Vision: “To harness science to ensure comprehensive and sustained physical, economic and ecological access to food and livelihood security to all Indians, through generation, assessment, refinement and adoption of appropriate technologies.”
  • 4.      To plan, undertake, aid, promote and co-ordinate education, research and its application in agriculture, agroforestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, home science and allied sciences. To act as clearing house of research and general information relating to agriculture, animal husbandry, home science and fisheries through its publications and information system, and instituting and promoting transfer of technology programmes. To provide, undertake and promote consultancy services in the fields of education, research, training and dissemination of information in agriculture, agroforestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, home science and allied sciences. To look into problems relating to broader areas of rural development concerning agriculture, including post-harvest technology, by developing cooperative programmes with other organizations such as the Indian Council of Social Sciences Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, and universities. To do other things considered necessary to attain objectives of the Society.
  • 5.  1. 2. 3. 4. There are 4 TOT Projects of ICAR, namely:All India coordinated project on national demonstration (AICPND) Operational Research Project (ORP) Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK)/ Agricultural science centres Lab to Land Project (LLP)
  • 6.  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The specific objectives of AICPND are:To demonstrate convincingly to the farmers & extension personnel To fully exploit these demonstrations for the purpose of training farmers & field extension functionaries To provide the research workers an opportunity to get first-hand knowledge of the problems being faced by the farmers. To determine the income and employment generation potentialities of the crops/ subjects under demonstration To influence the extension system of the state deptt. of ag. , VOs etc.
  • 7.  1. 2. 3. 4. The specific objectives of ORP are:To test, adopt and demonstrate the new agricultural technology on farmer’s field To determine the profitability of the new technologies & their pace of spread of spread among farmers To identify the constraints both technological as well as socio-economic which are barrier to rapid change To demonstrate group action as a method of popularizing the modern technologies at a faster rate
  • 8.  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.  Major objectives of KVK are:Plan & conduct surveys of operational areas Compile all relevant recommendations/ package of practices Plan and conduct production oriented, need-based, short & long term training courses Organize farm science clubs Develop and maintain the campus farms and demonstration units Provide practical training facilities of the centre Impart some general education to the rural illiterates Provide training facilities in home-making and nutrition education The mandates of KVK are to conduct:training programmes front-line demonstrations on-farm testing
  • 9.  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. The specific objectives of LLP are:Study & understand the background and resources of the selected farmers and landless agricultural labourers Assist the farmers to develop feasible farm plans Guide & help the farmers in adopting improved technologies Organize training programmes and other ext. activities Make the farmers aware of the various opportunities and agencies Develop functional relations & linkages with the scientists & institutions Utilize this project as a feedback mechanism
  • 10. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Statewide responsibility for teaching, research and extension education Integration of teaching, research and extension at all levels of university administration Multi-disciplinary team work in the development programmes of education, research and extension Quick communication of new knowledge to students in classrooms, extension personnel and farmers Programmes giving specialized training to rural youth and adult men & women Acceptance by all concerned in the university a philosophy of service to ag. and rural community & emphasis on programmes
  • 11. AGRICUTURE INNOVATION SYSTEM AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION AGROPROCESSO AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION SYSTEM EXPORTE PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS NARI NARI NAES: Extension NARI nsi FARMERS INPUT SUPPLIERS NAEA NAEA NAEA NAETS: Education & training CREDIT LAND AGENCIES GOVERNMENT POLICY AND REGULATORY
  • 12. Integrated Agricultural Research for Development schematic Ext. Org Educational Input Dealers Inst. Research Ins. Financial Inst. Farmers/ users NGOs Min./ Deptt./Agencies of govt. International & regional org. Farmer based org./ community based org.
  • 13. ATMA DoA ICAR FFS FBO/SHG EXT. WORKER SAU KVK Agriclinic Input dealer Farmer trader processor wholeseller retailer NGOs Media/TV E- choupal INFORMATION EXCHANGE OF SOME AGRICULTURE EXTENSION APPROACHES IN INDIA consumer
  • 14.       Post T & V period show decentralization of extension planning & control The use of group approach Use of para-extension workers Setting up of multi-disciplinary teams from SAUs Setting up of agri-clinic by private entrepreneurs Formation of registered societies like ATMA at the district level by integrating the functions of key stakeholders
  • 15.     Public sector state DoA still dominates all provision of extension efforts done A large no. of agencies provide support and advisory support but they are restricted to certain regions and selected crops Public-private partnership is limited Remote areas and poor producers are poorly served by both private & public sector extension
  • 16.  Apart from conventional system it implements innovative extension approaches such as, Technical contracts The (private) company led extension approach Participatory extension approach
  • 17.  U.S.A with the changes in agriculture production sector also faced some dramatic changes:Networking still a primary role Cooperative extension service