PPT on liver cirrhosis by Mr. ASHOK BISHNOI
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This document discusses liver disorders and cirrhosis of the liver. It provides information on the anatomy and functions of the liver. Cirrhosis is defined as a chronic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis that results in structural changes and loss of liver function. Causes of cirrhosis include alcoholism, viral hepatitis, bile duct obstruction, and certain drugs. Symptoms may include nausea, fatigue, jaundice, and abdominal swelling. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, blood tests, imaging, and biopsy. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but generally involves rest, diet modification, medications, and procedures such as shunts or transplantation in severe cases.
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PPT on liver cirrhosis by Mr. ASHOK BISHNOI
- 1. Liver Disorders Mr ASHOK BISHNOI Lecturer JINR ASHOK BISHNOI
- 2. Weight in male 1600gm & in female 1300gm, wedge shape It is largest gland in body Reddish brown in color 4 lobes, Right, left, Caudate, Quadrate. Blood supply by Hepatic arteries Situated in right upper quadrate region.
- 4. Metabolism – Carbohydrate, Fat & Protein Secretary – bile Excretory – Bilirubin, drugs, toxins Synthesis – Albumin, coagulation factors Storage – Vitamins, carbohydrates etc. Detoxification – toxins, ammonia, etc. ASHOK BISHNOI
- 6. The word "cirrhosis" is a neologism that derives from Greek kirrhos, meaning "tawny" (the orange-yellow colour of the diseased liver). While the clinical entity was known before, it was René Laennec who gave it the name "cirrhosis" in his 1819 work in which he also describes the stethoscope. ASHOK BISHNOI
- 7. “It is a chronic liver disease of the liver characterized by inflammation & fibrosis resulting in drastic structural change & significant loss of liver function in which extensive degeneration & destruction of the liver parenchymal cell” ASHOK BISHNOI
- 9. 1.Alcoholic cirrhosis- Most common, due to chronic alcoholism. Scar tissue characteristically surrounds the portal area. Alcoholic Fatty Liver ASHOK BISHNOI
- 10. 2.Postnecrotic cirrhosis- due to results of acute viral hepatitis, post intoxication with industrial chemicals. 3.Biliary cirrhosis- Scaring occurs around bile duct in liver, Results from chronic biliary obstruction & infection. 4.Cardiac cirrhosis- Associated with severe right sided long term heart failure. HANU BISHNOI
- 11. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Viral hepatitis Obstruction of bile duct Use of drug eg. Isoniazid Wilson's disease Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency Right sided heart failure Exposure of chemicals (arsinic,Phosphorus) ASHOK BISHNOI
- 12. Due to etiological factor Nausea, WBC,Fatigue Inflammation Pain, Fever Anorexia Liver necrosis ADH Androgen & estrogens level liver fibrosis liver failure Metabolism of protein portal H.T inability to metabolize Fat metabolism Hypoglycaemia ammonia to urea Vit.K absorption Malnutrition hepatic encephalopathy Bilirubin metabolism confusion to hepatic coma death ASHOK BISHNOI
- 13. Spider angiomata or spider nevi. Palmar erythema ( Exaggerations of normal speckled mottling of the palm, due to altered sex hormone metabolism. ) Gynecomastia ( Benign proliferation of glandular tissue of male breasts presenting with a rubbery or firm mass extending concentrically from the nipples) Hypogonadism(Manifested as impotence, infertility, loss of sexual drive, and testicular atrophy due to primary gonadal injury or suppression of hypothalamic or pituitary function) Enlargement Splenomegaly of liver Ascites Caput medusa ASHOK BISHNOI
- 14. Fetor hepaticus(Musty odor in breath due to increased dimethyl sulfide) Jaundice Indigestion Anaemia Other;- Weakness, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss. HANU BISHNOI
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- 21. History Physical examination LFT Liver biopsy Liver scan Ultrasound scaning Abdominal X-Ray CBC Serum electrolyte MRI ASHOK BISHNOI
- 22. Esophago-gastrodudenoscopy Serum albumin Prothrombin time- increases since the liver synthesizes clotting factors ASHOKBISHNOI
- 23. Technique for palpating the liver. The examiner places one hand under the right lower rib cage and presses downward with light pressure with the other hand. ASHOK BISHNOI
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- 25. Medical management: Rest Sodium restricted High CHO. Protein& low fat diet. Administer diuretic eg. Lasix Antacid Antibiotic Corticosteroid Alcohol restriction ASHOK BISHNOI
- 27. Activity intolerance R/T fatigue Altered nutrition less than body requirment R/T anorexia. Impaired skin integrity R/T edema ,poor nutrition. Risk for injury R/T clotting machnism ASHOK BISHNOI
- 28. Promoting rest Improving nutritional status Providing skin care Reducing risk of injury Monitoring & managing Potential complications Bleeding & hemorrhage Hepatic encephalopathy Fluid Volume excess Promoting home & self care Client teaching. ASHOK BISHNOI
- 29. Learn from the mistakes of others. You can't live long enough to make them all yourself…! HANU BISHNOI