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Production and marketing of pulses

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IndrajaPuram

Pulses are an important source of protein in India. While India is the world's largest producer and consumer of pulses, production and per capita availability have been declining in recent years. The main pulses grown are chickpeas, green grams, black grams, red grams, and lentils. Madhya Pradesh is the leading producer, while yields are generally lower than the global average. Improving production, yields, and farmer education are needed to address India's pulses issues.

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Production and marketing of pulses
 Introduction  Types of pulses  Importance of pulse crops in India  Production, area and productivity of pulses  Per capita availability of pulses in India  Target and achievement of production of pulses  Major marketing channels  Export and import  World production, area, productivity of pulses  Varied uses of pulses  Conclusion
Introduction •Pulses are an important commodity group of crops that provide high quality protein. •Although, being the largest pulse crop cultivating country in the World, pulses share to total food grain production is only 7-10% in the country.
In India, pulses can be produced with a minimum use of resources and hence, it becomes less costly even than animal protein. In comparison to other vegetables, pulses are rich in protein which are less expensive and can be cultivated as an inter-crop and also as mixed crop. The potential of pulses to help address future global food security, nutrition and environmental sustainability needs has been acknowledged through the UN declaration of the 2016 International year of pulses.
 Pulses are grown in all three seasons. The three crop seasons for the commodity are: i. Kharif – Red gram, Blackgram, Greengram, Cowpea, Horsegram; ii. Rabi – Gram, Lentil, Pea, Lathyrus and Rajmash iii. Summer – Greengram, Blackgram and Cowpea
Types of pulses: 1.Benghal gram 2.Green gram 3.Black gram 4.Red gram 5.Lentils 6.Cow pea 7. Horse Gram
Importance of Pulse Crops in India 1. Pulses are rich in proteins and found to be main source of protein to vegetarian people of India. 2. It is second important constituent of Indian diet after cereals. 3. They can be grown on all types of soil and climatic conditions. 4. They give ready cash to farmer. 5. They play important role in crop rotation, mixed and intercropping, as they help maintaining the soil fertility.
6. They supply additional fodder for cattle. 7. They provide raw material to various industries. Ex. Dal industry, Roasted grain industry, Papad industry etc. 10.The World Health Organisation estimates that up to 80% of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes and over a third of cancers could be prevented by eliminating risk factors, such as unhealthy diets and promoting better eating habits, of which pulses are an essential component.
Production, Area and Yield of pulses •India is the largest producer (25% of global production), consumer (27% of world consumption) and importer (14%) of pulses in the world. •Pulses account for around 20 per cent of the area under foodgrains and contribute around 7-10 per cent of the total foodgrains production in the country. •Though pulses are grown in both Kharif and Rabi seasons, Rabi pulses contribute more than 60 per cent of the total production.
year production(in MT) 2012-13 18.34 2013-14 19.25 2014-15 17.16 2015-16 16.47 Production of pulses:
15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5 19 19.5 2012-132013-142014-152015-16 production in MT
Areas of cultivation in India •Among the Indian states, Madhya Pradesh is the leading pulses producer. • Other states which cultivate pulses in larger extent include Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Bihar.
State wise share to the total production
Three Largest Producing States of pulses during 2015-16: State Production(MT) Madhya Pradesh 5.12 Rajasthan 1.95 Maharashtra 1.41 All - India 16.47
Production and marketing of pulses
Year Area(in million hector) 2012-13 23.25 2013-14 25.21 2014-15 23.1 2015-16 24.58 Area(in million hector):
22 22.5 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 Area
Yield of Pulses •Yield of pulses crops in India is less when compared to the world average. However, the average yield of pulses crop in the country has increased gradually over the period under analysis. •Kharif pulses give lesser yields when compared to Rabi pulses. •In individual cases of pulses, the rate of yield is higher in the case of peas and beans, and followed by gram, tur, masur, lathyrus, urad, and kulthi. Yield of moth is very less when compared to other pulses crops.
Year Yield(kg/ha) 2012-13 789 2013-14 764 2014-15 743 2015-16 733 Yield(kg/ha):
700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 Yield(kgs/ha)
Per capita availability of pulses in India : •As a result of stagnant pulse production and continuous increase in population, the per capita availability of pulses has decreased considerably. •The per capita per day availability of pulses also decreased. •In the year 2014, provisional per capita/year availability is 17.2 kg which is 47.2 g per capita per day
Year Pulses Availability per capita per day per capita per year 2010 35.4 12.9 2011 43 15.7 2012 41.6 15.2 2013 43.3 15.8 2014 47.2 17.2 Per capita availability of pulses in India
0 10 20 30 40 50 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 per capita per day(g) per capita per year(kg)
Year Target Achievement 2012-13 18.24 18.34 2013-14 19.00 19.25 2014-15 19.50 17.15 2015-16 20.05 16.47 Target and Achievement of Production (MT)of pulses:
Production and marketing of pulses
EXPORT AND IMPORT According to the Pulses Meet Resolution of India (2008), on one hand India is the largest importer, producer and consumer of pulses. But, on the other hand, India is also the largest pulses processor, as pulses exporting nations such as Myanmar, Canada and Australia, do not have adequate pulses processing facility. The reason is that these countries do not have much domestic consumption of pulses and therefore, they have never attempted to develop domestic processing industry. Due to this India re-exports a considerable amount of pulses.
YEAR IMPORT 2012-13 38.39 2013-14 36.44 2014-15 45.85 2015-16 57.98 Import of pulses
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 IMPORT
YEAR EXPORT 2012-13 2.02 2013-14 3.46 2014-15 2.22 2015-16 2.56 Export of pulses
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 2012-132013-142014-152015-16 Export
Pulse importing and exporting countries of major pulses (2015-16) (%) figures in parenthesis indicates percentage share of global import/export
World Scenario of pulses Production -77.473 Million Tonnes Area -85.191Million Hectors Yield -909 kg/ha India is the largest producer, largest consumer and the largest importer of pulses in the world. In India Pulses are grown in around 24-26 million hectares of area producing 17-19 million tonnes of pulses annually. India accounts for over one third of the total world area and over 20 per cent of total world production.
Various uses of pulses 1. Almost 80% of Indian pulses are consumed either in split form or as flour. 2. Split and whole peas are generally cooked and served as dal along with rice or roti. 3. Chickpea flour (besan) is a major ingredient in several Indian snack foods. Urad and mung flour also go onto making snack foods such as pappad (a kind of wafer). 4.Some multinational firms are now active in manufacturing and marketing Indian type snacks.
Conclusion  The production & marketing of pulses remarkably less in the subsistance forming system.  Therefore, there is great need for steps to be taken for educating formers about the production, transfer of technology through extension techniques and also create effective infrastructure facility.  Problems of Indian pulses economy can be solved with the increase the sources of production. Effective and continuous efforts are needed to increase the area under cultivation as well as the yield of pulses. By this exports will increase and imports decreases.
Production and marketing of pulses

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Production and marketing of pulses

  • 2.  Introduction  Types of pulses  Importance of pulse crops in India  Production, area and productivity of pulses  Per capita availability of pulses in India  Target and achievement of production of pulses  Major marketing channels  Export and import  World production, area, productivity of pulses  Varied uses of pulses  Conclusion
  • 3. Introduction •Pulses are an important commodity group of crops that provide high quality protein. •Although, being the largest pulse crop cultivating country in the World, pulses share to total food grain production is only 7-10% in the country.
  • 4. In India, pulses can be produced with a minimum use of resources and hence, it becomes less costly even than animal protein. In comparison to other vegetables, pulses are rich in protein which are less expensive and can be cultivated as an inter-crop and also as mixed crop. The potential of pulses to help address future global food security, nutrition and environmental sustainability needs has been acknowledged through the UN declaration of the 2016 International year of pulses.
  • 5.  Pulses are grown in all three seasons. The three crop seasons for the commodity are: i. Kharif – Red gram, Blackgram, Greengram, Cowpea, Horsegram; ii. Rabi – Gram, Lentil, Pea, Lathyrus and Rajmash iii. Summer – Greengram, Blackgram and Cowpea
  • 6. Types of pulses: 1.Benghal gram 2.Green gram 3.Black gram 4.Red gram 5.Lentils 6.Cow pea 7. Horse Gram
  • 7. Importance of Pulse Crops in India 1. Pulses are rich in proteins and found to be main source of protein to vegetarian people of India. 2. It is second important constituent of Indian diet after cereals. 3. They can be grown on all types of soil and climatic conditions. 4. They give ready cash to farmer. 5. They play important role in crop rotation, mixed and intercropping, as they help maintaining the soil fertility.
  • 8. 6. They supply additional fodder for cattle. 7. They provide raw material to various industries. Ex. Dal industry, Roasted grain industry, Papad industry etc. 10.The World Health Organisation estimates that up to 80% of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes and over a third of cancers could be prevented by eliminating risk factors, such as unhealthy diets and promoting better eating habits, of which pulses are an essential component.
  • 9. Production, Area and Yield of pulses •India is the largest producer (25% of global production), consumer (27% of world consumption) and importer (14%) of pulses in the world. •Pulses account for around 20 per cent of the area under foodgrains and contribute around 7-10 per cent of the total foodgrains production in the country. •Though pulses are grown in both Kharif and Rabi seasons, Rabi pulses contribute more than 60 per cent of the total production.
  • 10. year production(in MT) 2012-13 18.34 2013-14 19.25 2014-15 17.16 2015-16 16.47 Production of pulses:
  • 12. Areas of cultivation in India •Among the Indian states, Madhya Pradesh is the leading pulses producer. • Other states which cultivate pulses in larger extent include Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Bihar.
  • 13. State wise share to the total production
  • 14. Three Largest Producing States of pulses during 2015-16: State Production(MT) Madhya Pradesh 5.12 Rajasthan 1.95 Maharashtra 1.41 All - India 16.47
  • 16. Year Area(in million hector) 2012-13 23.25 2013-14 25.21 2014-15 23.1 2015-16 24.58 Area(in million hector):
  • 18. Yield of Pulses •Yield of pulses crops in India is less when compared to the world average. However, the average yield of pulses crop in the country has increased gradually over the period under analysis. •Kharif pulses give lesser yields when compared to Rabi pulses. •In individual cases of pulses, the rate of yield is higher in the case of peas and beans, and followed by gram, tur, masur, lathyrus, urad, and kulthi. Yield of moth is very less when compared to other pulses crops.
  • 19. Year Yield(kg/ha) 2012-13 789 2013-14 764 2014-15 743 2015-16 733 Yield(kg/ha):
  • 21. Per capita availability of pulses in India : •As a result of stagnant pulse production and continuous increase in population, the per capita availability of pulses has decreased considerably. •The per capita per day availability of pulses also decreased. •In the year 2014, provisional per capita/year availability is 17.2 kg which is 47.2 g per capita per day
  • 22. Year Pulses Availability per capita per day per capita per year 2010 35.4 12.9 2011 43 15.7 2012 41.6 15.2 2013 43.3 15.8 2014 47.2 17.2 Per capita availability of pulses in India
  • 23. 0 10 20 30 40 50 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 per capita per day(g) per capita per year(kg)
  • 24. Year Target Achievement 2012-13 18.24 18.34 2013-14 19.00 19.25 2014-15 19.50 17.15 2015-16 20.05 16.47 Target and Achievement of Production (MT)of pulses:
  • 26. EXPORT AND IMPORT According to the Pulses Meet Resolution of India (2008), on one hand India is the largest importer, producer and consumer of pulses. But, on the other hand, India is also the largest pulses processor, as pulses exporting nations such as Myanmar, Canada and Australia, do not have adequate pulses processing facility. The reason is that these countries do not have much domestic consumption of pulses and therefore, they have never attempted to develop domestic processing industry. Due to this India re-exports a considerable amount of pulses.
  • 27. YEAR IMPORT 2012-13 38.39 2013-14 36.44 2014-15 45.85 2015-16 57.98 Import of pulses
  • 29. YEAR EXPORT 2012-13 2.02 2013-14 3.46 2014-15 2.22 2015-16 2.56 Export of pulses
  • 31. Pulse importing and exporting countries of major pulses (2015-16) (%) figures in parenthesis indicates percentage share of global import/export
  • 32. World Scenario of pulses Production -77.473 Million Tonnes Area -85.191Million Hectors Yield -909 kg/ha India is the largest producer, largest consumer and the largest importer of pulses in the world. In India Pulses are grown in around 24-26 million hectares of area producing 17-19 million tonnes of pulses annually. India accounts for over one third of the total world area and over 20 per cent of total world production.
  • 33. Various uses of pulses 1. Almost 80% of Indian pulses are consumed either in split form or as flour. 2. Split and whole peas are generally cooked and served as dal along with rice or roti. 3. Chickpea flour (besan) is a major ingredient in several Indian snack foods. Urad and mung flour also go onto making snack foods such as pappad (a kind of wafer). 4.Some multinational firms are now active in manufacturing and marketing Indian type snacks.
  • 34. Conclusion  The production & marketing of pulses remarkably less in the subsistance forming system.  Therefore, there is great need for steps to be taken for educating formers about the production, transfer of technology through extension techniques and also create effective infrastructure facility.  Problems of Indian pulses economy can be solved with the increase the sources of production. Effective and continuous efforts are needed to increase the area under cultivation as well as the yield of pulses. By this exports will increase and imports decreases.