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Puddlers

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IIM Ahmedabad
IIM Ahmedabad

This document discusses various equipment used for puddling, which is a tillage system done under submerged conditions to soften soil for transplanting rice. It describes rotary puddlers, power tillers, floating tillers, disc harrows, plows, and other implements that are used to penetrate, compact, and homogenize the soil under water. A laser-guided rotary puddler is also mentioned, which ensures perfectly level land by adjusting the height of the puddler base according to the laser controller.

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PUDDLERS
PUDDLING • I t is a t illage syst em in which soil is r epeat edly plowed and har r owed under submer ged condit ions • Sof t en soil f or t r ansplant ing and less permeable t o wat er • I t changes t he soil t o a homogenous suspension of pr imar y par t icles • The soils under go t wo def orming st r esses: normal (load) st r ess, associat ed wit h compr ession, and t angent ial st r ess causing shear • Maximum puddling occur s at moist ur e cont ent s bet ween f ield-capacit y and
PUDDLING EQUIPMENTS • Var ious t illage implement s ar e used f or puddling, t o make soil impermeable by manipulat ing and compact ing it in st anding wat er . • The implement s r equir ed f or puddling ar e t he ones which r eadily penet r at e t he puddle layer , car r y or ganic mat er ial downwar d and compact and smear at dept h • Some equipment s used ar e count r y plow, mould boar d plow, disk har r ows, angular puddler s, and r oot iller s
RoTaRy PUDDLER • I t is gener ally t r act or oper at ed. • The t r act or , which is equipped wit h cage wheels, is used most commonly f or puddling pur pose. • Also called r ot avat or t iller / power t iller and consist of a power -dr iven shaf t , on which knives or t ines of dif f er ent shapes and sizes ar e mount ed • I t cut s t he soil, pulver izes t he soil t o powder and spr eads it unif ormly t o level t he f ield. I t is used bot h f or dr y and wet land pr epar at ion (puddling). • I t consist s of a gr oup of blades at t ached on a
ROTARY PUDDLER
PowER TILLER • The wheels of power t iller is r eplaced by cage wheels • The t ynes ar e usef ul in puddling oper at ion as in t he case of r ot avat or .
RotopuddleR with laseR-guided system • A wet laser leveling syst em has been successf ully developed at I RRI , in collabor at ion wit h Spect r a-pr ecision of t he Unit ed St at es • I t assur es a per f ect levelled puddled land • The base of puddler consist ing of t he r ot ar y puddler is movable • The height is adj ust ed by t he laser cont r oller which adj ust s t he height of t he r ot opuddler accor ding t o
Puddlers
peg type puddleR • I t is used t o br eak t he soil clods near sat ur at ion level int o soil par t icles in or der t o pr epar e homogenized puddle t ilt h f or mechanized paddy t r ansplant ing. • The equipment in combinat ion wit h cage wheel pr ovide higher puddling per f ormance. • I t consist s of numer ous shar p plat es which t ur n t he soil and makes a colloid wit h wat er pr esent on t he f ield. • I t also consist s of some spiny cir cular met allic st r uct ur es at t ached t o t he base of t he plat es t o cr eat e mor e dist ur bance and f ine f r ee soil par t icles.
Puddlers
plough Desi Plow: •I t is a f ully wooden plow, except t hat t he shar e is made of har dened st eel. •it is used in st anding-wat er condit ion, wit h plank at t ached behind it , t o make puddle f ield in leveled f orm.
disc haRRow • I t is r ecommended f or st icky, waxy, har d, r ough, st ony, r oot y and peat y soils • I t is used f or wet land pr epar at ion (puddling), in combinat ion wit h ot her t illage-implement s like r ot avat or or cage wheels. • I t s main oper at ion is t illage, somet imes also used f or puddling as it can dist ur b t he soil sur f ace
Puddlers
Puddling-TyPe FloaTing Power Tiller • I t was made t o r ule out t he excessive sinkage pr oblem of most wet land implement s, especially in sof t -clay f ields. • The f loat at ion boat -t ype power t iller s was developed f or wor king in sof t paddy f ields • The basic component s of puddling-t ype f loat ing t iller s ar e: t he puddling wheel, f loat at ion st r uct ur e, chain and spr ocket t r ansmission and t he engine • The puddling wheel gener ally consist s of a single or pair of cage-wheels mount ed on a common shaf t , suppor t ed and power ed by t he
Puddlers
ConiCal Tyne Puddler • I t is modif ied comb har r ows, it sinks excessively in sof t soils • They may be animal dr awn or t r act or dr awn. • Comb har r ow had a t endency t o accumulat e t r ash and veget at ion on it s t ines, hence t o r ule out t he pr oblem, t hey ar e r eplaced by conical t ynes • Cor r esponding cones of t he t wo gangs wer e mount ed in line in an opposit e or ient at ion t o even t he t illage ef f ect acr oss t he f ull widt h of t he machine.
Puddlers
SPring Tine harrow • Main use is t illage, but also used f or puddling. • Used along wit h cage wheels • Tines br eak t he sop soil and cage wheels smoot hens it . • Only demer it - ent angles t he debr is wit h t ines. • Needs mor e dr awing power f r om t r act or
Puddlers
Puddlers
RefeRence • www.rkmp.co.in • epubs..icar.org.in • agris.fao.org • hpagrisnet.gov.in • agricoop.nic.in
Puddlers

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Puddlers

  • 2. PUDDLING • I t is a t illage syst em in which soil is r epeat edly plowed and har r owed under submer ged condit ions • Sof t en soil f or t r ansplant ing and less permeable t o wat er • I t changes t he soil t o a homogenous suspension of pr imar y par t icles • The soils under go t wo def orming st r esses: normal (load) st r ess, associat ed wit h compr ession, and t angent ial st r ess causing shear • Maximum puddling occur s at moist ur e cont ent s bet ween f ield-capacit y and
  • 3. PUDDLING EQUIPMENTS • Var ious t illage implement s ar e used f or puddling, t o make soil impermeable by manipulat ing and compact ing it in st anding wat er . • The implement s r equir ed f or puddling ar e t he ones which r eadily penet r at e t he puddle layer , car r y or ganic mat er ial downwar d and compact and smear at dept h • Some equipment s used ar e count r y plow, mould boar d plow, disk har r ows, angular puddler s, and r oot iller s
  • 4. RoTaRy PUDDLER • I t is gener ally t r act or oper at ed. • The t r act or , which is equipped wit h cage wheels, is used most commonly f or puddling pur pose. • Also called r ot avat or t iller / power t iller and consist of a power -dr iven shaf t , on which knives or t ines of dif f er ent shapes and sizes ar e mount ed • I t cut s t he soil, pulver izes t he soil t o powder and spr eads it unif ormly t o level t he f ield. I t is used bot h f or dr y and wet land pr epar at ion (puddling). • I t consist s of a gr oup of blades at t ached on a
  • 6. PowER TILLER • The wheels of power t iller is r eplaced by cage wheels • The t ynes ar e usef ul in puddling oper at ion as in t he case of r ot avat or .
  • 7. RotopuddleR with laseR-guided system • A wet laser leveling syst em has been successf ully developed at I RRI , in collabor at ion wit h Spect r a-pr ecision of t he Unit ed St at es • I t assur es a per f ect levelled puddled land • The base of puddler consist ing of t he r ot ar y puddler is movable • The height is adj ust ed by t he laser cont r oller which adj ust s t he height of t he r ot opuddler accor ding t o
  • 9. peg type puddleR • I t is used t o br eak t he soil clods near sat ur at ion level int o soil par t icles in or der t o pr epar e homogenized puddle t ilt h f or mechanized paddy t r ansplant ing. • The equipment in combinat ion wit h cage wheel pr ovide higher puddling per f ormance. • I t consist s of numer ous shar p plat es which t ur n t he soil and makes a colloid wit h wat er pr esent on t he f ield. • I t also consist s of some spiny cir cular met allic st r uct ur es at t ached t o t he base of t he plat es t o cr eat e mor e dist ur bance and f ine f r ee soil par t icles.
  • 11. plough Desi Plow: •I t is a f ully wooden plow, except t hat t he shar e is made of har dened st eel. •it is used in st anding-wat er condit ion, wit h plank at t ached behind it , t o make puddle f ield in leveled f orm.
  • 12. disc haRRow • I t is r ecommended f or st icky, waxy, har d, r ough, st ony, r oot y and peat y soils • I t is used f or wet land pr epar at ion (puddling), in combinat ion wit h ot her t illage-implement s like r ot avat or or cage wheels. • I t s main oper at ion is t illage, somet imes also used f or puddling as it can dist ur b t he soil sur f ace
  • 14. Puddling-TyPe FloaTing Power Tiller • I t was made t o r ule out t he excessive sinkage pr oblem of most wet land implement s, especially in sof t -clay f ields. • The f loat at ion boat -t ype power t iller s was developed f or wor king in sof t paddy f ields • The basic component s of puddling-t ype f loat ing t iller s ar e: t he puddling wheel, f loat at ion st r uct ur e, chain and spr ocket t r ansmission and t he engine • The puddling wheel gener ally consist s of a single or pair of cage-wheels mount ed on a common shaf t , suppor t ed and power ed by t he
  • 16. ConiCal Tyne Puddler • I t is modif ied comb har r ows, it sinks excessively in sof t soils • They may be animal dr awn or t r act or dr awn. • Comb har r ow had a t endency t o accumulat e t r ash and veget at ion on it s t ines, hence t o r ule out t he pr oblem, t hey ar e r eplaced by conical t ynes • Cor r esponding cones of t he t wo gangs wer e mount ed in line in an opposit e or ient at ion t o even t he t illage ef f ect acr oss t he f ull widt h of t he machine.
  • 18. SPring Tine harrow • Main use is t illage, but also used f or puddling. • Used along wit h cage wheels • Tines br eak t he sop soil and cage wheels smoot hens it . • Only demer it - ent angles t he debr is wit h t ines. • Needs mor e dr awing power f r om t r act or
  • 21. RefeRence • www.rkmp.co.in • epubs..icar.org.in • agris.fao.org • hpagrisnet.gov.in • agricoop.nic.in