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Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS

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rajeshwariku

Remote sensing and GIS techniques are useful for managing urban environments. The document discusses how satellite imagery and GIS can be used to: 1) Analyze land use and land cover of Dehradun city using IKONOS satellite data and classify imagery into classes like built-up, vegetation, and open areas. 2) Map locations of urban infrastructure and facilities in Dehradun like schools, hospitals, and roads to understand their distribution and assess accessibility using network analysis. 3) Propose suitable sites for new hospitals and schools through multi-criteria analysis of population density, existing facilities, and road access.

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THE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM Rajeshwari Department of Geography Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra email: rajeshwariku@gmail.com
 Cities have always attracted human beings.  Hubs of all kinds of economic activities.  Resulted into ever-growing population size,  sqeezing open spaces available within city and exerted pressure on civic amenities. (dramatic phenomeon of urbnisation)  Growth of population –fundamental factor in human ecological system & its r/ship to natural resources, environ & technology.  Man has a pivotal role to maintain the required balance and is obligatory on his part.  Therefore, it is essential to understand the nature of cities, their functions, & services, so as disadvantages can be minimized.  Healthy development of cities rests on its immediate environ, which is under stress owing to development changes.
 Land use planning assumes importance in creating living cities.  Urban development monitoring and mapping are necessary & for effective policy for unplanned areas.  Monitoring & mapping require reliable data at regular interval.  Momentum of urban development outpaced traditional technologies of surveying & mapping.  Studies demonstrated RS data and conjunction are very helpful in monitoring and mapping.  IRS-1D, IRS P6, LANDSAT, IKONOS and other high resolution imagery can be very helpful for repetitive data and GIS as tool for automation in mapping..
Objectives: To highlight the importance of remote sensing and GIS technology in the study and management of urban areas. For this purpose it aims : 1. to analyse the urban land use and land cover of a city using RS and GIS technology. 2. to obtain a pattern of location of various types of facilities and how they can be managed in terms of better urban planning using GIS technology.
Data and Methods : Any high resolution data (urban areas needs accurate detection of landuse due to high land prices), in this study, Satellite data (Image) IKONOS. Spatial data (Topographical Map), and Guide map of the city. Collateral data: Ward wise information from Census 2001. Software used: ERDAS Imagine and ARC VIEW GPS technology was also utilized for marking the facilities location.
Primary Data Secondary IKONOS(MS) IKONOS(PAN) Guide Map Toposheets Ward Map Scanning Merging IKONOS Multi spectral and PAN data FCC Preparation of IKONOS Overlay of vector layer on FCC Extraction of the boundary map of Dehradun city from FCC Classification using MXL Classifier Assessment of Classification Accuracy Extraction of Ward-wise land use land cover
METHODOLOGY 1. Data Procurement 2. Geo-referencing of map 3. Digitization of city & ward boundary map. 4. Overlay of vector layer on to satellite data. 5. Formulation of Interpretation keys for land use and land cover. 6. Merging IKONOS Multi Spectral and PAN data. 7. Preparation of false colour composite.
8. Overlay of vector layer on FCC & Extraction of the boundary map of Dehradun City from FCC. (Basic image characteristics such as shape, size, tone, texture, pattern & various associated features are being considered at the time of interpretation. The image is interpreted & classification is done by taking the scale, brightness, contrast and resolution of the data into consideration. Black and White & FCC (generated from MSS) is being used for visual interpretation.)
BandsBands Blue, Green, Red, and NIRBlue, Green, Red, and NIR BandBand Spectral RangeSpectral Range 11 0.445-0.5160.445-0.516μm (Blue)μm (Blue) 22 0.506-0.5950.506-0.595μm (Green)μm (Green) 33 0.632-0.6980.632-0.698μm (Red)μm (Red) 44 0.757-0.853μm (NIR)0.757-0.853μm (NIR) Technical specifications of IKONOS Multispectral having 4m resolution General description of IKONOS Data AccuracyAccuracy 50m CE 9050m CE 90 ProjectionProjection Universal Transverse MercatorUniversal Transverse Mercator Horizontal unitsHorizontal units MetersMeters DatumDatum WGS 84WGS 84 Pixel sizePixel size 3.2 to 4.8m GSD resample to 4.0m map increment3.2 to 4.8m GSD resample to 4.0m map increment
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
VARIATIONS IN SPECTRAL SIGNATURES OF FEATURES ON THE MERGED IMAGE Scale 1:4000 R1 R2 DB1 DB2 DS L2 L1 NC NC V2 V 1 V 3 B 3 B 2 B 1 B 4 Fig. 3
Earth Surface Features Colours (in standard FCC) 1.Healthy Vegetation and Cultivated Area Evergreen Red to Magenta Deciduous Brown to Red Scrubs Light Brown with red patches Cropped Land Bright Red Fallow Land Light Blue to White 2. Water Body Clear Water Dark Blue to black Turbid waterbody Light Blue 3. Built-up Area High Density Dark Blue to bluish green Low Density Light Blue 4. Waste Lands/ Rock Outcrop Rock outcrop Light Brown Sandy Deserts/River sand Light Blue to white Salt Affected Deep Ravines Dark Green Shallow Ravines Light green Waterlogged / Wet lands Motelled Black
Level ILevel I Level IILevel II Urban built up landUrban built up land Built up: residential, commercial and service,Built up: residential, commercial and service, industrial, transportation, communication and utilities,industrial, transportation, communication and utilities, industrial and commercial complexes, mixed urbanindustrial and commercial complexes, mixed urban and built upand built up Agricultural landAgricultural land Cropland and pasture, orchards, groves, vineyards,Cropland and pasture, orchards, groves, vineyards, nurseries and ornamental horticulture areas. Othernurseries and ornamental horticulture areas. Other agriculture areasagriculture areas RangelandRangeland Shrub and bush rangeland and mixed rangelandShrub and bush rangeland and mixed rangeland Forest landForest land Deciduous forest land, Evergreen forest mixed forestDeciduous forest land, Evergreen forest mixed forest WaterWater Streams, lakes, reservoirs, Bays and estuariesStreams, lakes, reservoirs, Bays and estuaries WetlandWetland Forested wetland and non-forest wetlandForested wetland and non-forest wetland Barren landBarren land Dry-salt flats, beaches, sandy areas other thanDry-salt flats, beaches, sandy areas other than beaches, bare exposed rocks, strip mines, quarries andbeaches, bare exposed rocks, strip mines, quarries and graved bits mixed barren and transitional areas.graved bits mixed barren and transitional areas. TundraTundra Shrub and bush tundra, bare ground tundra and mixedShrub and bush tundra, bare ground tundra and mixed tundra.tundra.
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Area (sqm) Density (sqm per 100 sqm) 15211.60 34.58 16179.63 27.33 13648.85 21.55 45040.08 26.89 Builtup Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Total
ClassesClasses Area (Square mts)Area (Square mts) %% areaarea 1. Built up1. Built up 1512488615124886 52.67752.677 2. Crop Land2. Crop Land 24351422435142 9.2379.237 3. Recent3. Recent FallowFallow 63780806378080 14.29514.295 4. Thick4. Thick VegetationVegetation 72208167220816 20.71020.710 5. Open5. Open GroundGround 13227201322720 3.0223.022 6. Water body6. Water body 53925392 0.02090.0209 Land Use and land cover for Dehradun using IKONOS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
1 30 7 13 9 32 10 8 11 2 34 33 6 27 31 29 17 15 3 28 16 14 526 12 25 1918 21 4 23 30° 19' 30° 19' 30° 22' 30° 22' 78° 02' 78° 05' 78° 05'78° 02' 2 0 2 Kilometers 1 - Rajpur 2 - Aryanagar 3 - Rispana 4 - Old Dalanwala 5 - Karanpur 6 - Mansinghwala 7 - Dalanwala West 8 - Dalanwala East 9 - Nehru Colony 10 - Race Coarse 11 - Mahadevi kanya Pathshala 12 - Chandra Nagar 13- Bhandaribagh 14 - Lakhibagh 15 - Indresh Nagar 16 - Patel Nagar 17 - Lakshman Chauk 18- Shivaji Marg 19 - Khurbura 20 - Jhanda Ward 21 - Dhamawala 22 - Mannu Ganji 23 - Tilak Road 24 - Ansari Marg 25 - Faltu Line 26 - Chukhoowala 27 - Bakralwala 28 - Dungwal Marg 29 - Vijay Colony 30 - Hartjobarkala 31 - Yamuna Nager 32 - Rajendra Nagar 33 - Ballupur 34 - Vijay park N LEGEND WARD MAP OF DEHRADUN CITY
Results: Superimposing ward-wise map and IKONOS data, the prominent land use of the city is the built up area (52.7%) of the total area of the city. Next class is the thick vegetation, i.e. 20.7 per cent. The open land comprises 3 percent of total land area- which include open grounds, parks and stadium. The entire city was broadly classified into seven classes. Regarding the results, most of the objects of interest could be identified. It revealed great potential of multi-spectral high resolution IKONOS data for mapping and monitoring of land use and land cover over a period of time.
For urban planning, the maps made in this manner can be used for the following purposes: - Identification of vacant land for acquisition. -Updating of base maps. -Alignment of major roads and railways. -In change detection over a period of time with reference to land use and land cover.
2. Management of Urban Infrastructure/Utility services: -Quality of life in urban areas largely depends on the availability of infrastructure. -To prevent anarchy in the matter of utilities and services, the planning of infrastructure becomes absolutely vital. -With the help of GIS and GPS, location of facilities are marked (concentration, dispersion index, availability, physical accessibility of services can be known). -With the help of road network, using GIS, buffer and connectivity analysis has been done i.e. within specified km or any specified distance, how much area and population does it covers. (city planners can calculate service demands for public facilities)
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # Doon School Central School St. Joseph's Academy Model School for Blind St. Thomas High School Jesus and Mary High School Welham's Girl's High School Sri Guru Ramray Public School Sri Guru Ramray Public School Shri Guru Ramray Public School Carman Residential and Day School Sri Guru Ramrray Public School Shri Guru Ramray Public School Children Academy Inter College Figure 3.1 : Schools in Dehradun Municipality N 1000 0 1000 2000 Meters
•#•S •#•S •#•S•#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S•#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •F•R•I •G•S•I •B•S•I •I•I•R•S •R•l•y•_•s•t•a•t•i•o•n •C•i•r•c•u•i•t••H•o•u•s•e •R•o•b•b•e•r•'•s••C•a•v•e •T•a•p•k•e•s•h•w•a•r• •T•e•m•p•l •N•I•V•H•(•B•l•i•n•d••S•c•h•o•o•l•) •G•S•I •B•S•I •I•I•R•S•W•a•d•i•a••I••H •R•l•y•_•s•t•a•t•i•o•n •D•o•o•n••S•c•h•o•o•l •C•l•o•c•k• •T•o•w•e•r •B•u•s••s•t•a•n•d•-•u•p•t•c •C•i•t•y••b•u•s••s•t•a•n•d •B•u•s••s•t•a•n•d••-•H•i•l•l•s •P•r•e•s•i•d•e•n•t•'•s• •B•o•d•y •Z•o•o•l•o•g•i•c•a•l••S•u•r•v•e •B•o•t•a•n•i•c•a•l• •S•u•r•v•e•y •2 •0 •2 •K•i•l•o•m•e•t•e•r•s •N •F•A•L•S•E••C•O•L•O•R••C•O•M•P•O•S•I•TE •(•R•o•a•d••N•e•t•w•o•r•k••o•f••D•e•h•r•a•d•u•n••C•i•t•y•)
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 1 30 7 13 9 32 10 8 11 2 34 33 6 27 31 29 17 15 3 28 16 14 526 12 25 19 18 21 4 23 22 24 20 N Fig.3.21 Connectivity and Facilities Locations 1000 0 1000 Meters
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # Military Hospital Vetenary Hospital Veterinary Hospital Kalhan Nursing Home Coronation Hospital Doon Hospital Gandhi Centenary Eye Hospital Chesire Hospital Leper Asylum Children Welfare New Forest Hospital Sitaram Sewasadan 1000 0 1000 2000 Meters Figure 4.1km buffer of hospitals
#S #S #S #S#S #S #S #S #S 78° 02' 78° 05' 78° 05'78° 02' 30° 22' 30° 22' 30° 19' 30° 19' Doon School Central School J&M High School MJKanyaPathshala ModelSchool for Blind St.Thomas High School Welham's Girl'sSchool 2 0 2 Kilometers SERVICE AREA OF THE SCHOOLS (Dehradun City and surroundings) N Road Network Service Area Road Network in the Service Area #S schools LEGEND
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Site Suitability analysis • A multiple theme based query using relevant fields from various input themes was generated to propose sites for hospitals and schools • Three theme based queries were run for finding out suitable hospital sites: • major road network map • ward wise population density and • distance from the existing hospitals
POPULATION DENSITY IS MORE THAN 8000 PERSONS, THE DISTANCE FROM THE MAJOR ROAD NETWORK IS EQUAL TO 300MT AND THE DISTANCE FROM EXISTING FACILITY IS MORE THAN OR EQUAL TO1000M. QUERY WAS:(NWGRID>=POPDEN)AND (ROADGRD>=300MT)AND HOSDISTGRID>=1000MT). IN ORDER TO FIND SUITABLE SITES FOR SCHOOLS IN THE CITY, SIMILAR QUERY WAS MADE USING THREE DIFFERENT THEMES AS INPUT THEMES. SUITABLE SITE FOR HOSPITALS AND SCHOOLS HAVE BEEN MAPPED
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
query for finding suitable site for schools was; ulation density more than 8000 persons per sq. km ance from major roads equal to 1 km, but connected with roads ance from existing schools 5 km.
CONCLUSIO N: Ward-wise land use and land cover classification was obtained. The existing pattern of land use can be linked to human activities. The entire city was classified into seven classes. Broad level mapping and monitoring in land use/land cover and change detection over a period of time can be done. Availability, accessibility and interconnectivity of various facilities and suitable location of additional facilities can be known.
In addition to this: Base maps of towns for development purposes can be prepared and upgraded more frequently as high resolution satellite imagery is ideal, cost and time effective for producing, (Further, maps have traditionally been a state responsibility, Govt. have invested heavily in building surveys & mapping infrastructure). For identification of vacant land for town planning, for location of services, for management of urban infrastructure and traffic networking i.e. finding shortest route, alternative routes during rush hours, alignment of roads, railways and high traffic lines etc. these two technologies can help in the improvement of overall urban environment.
THANKS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Spectral rangeSpectral range 0.45 to .900.45 to .90μmμm AccuracyAccuracy 50m CE 90 not including effects of50m CE 90 not including effects of terraindiscplacements which means that any pointterraindiscplacements which means that any point with in the image is within 50 meters horizontally ofwith in the image is within 50 meters horizontally of its true position on the earth’s surface 90% of time.its true position on the earth’s surface 90% of time. ProjectionProjection Universal Transverse MercatorUniversal Transverse Mercator Horizontal UnitsHorizontal Units MetersMeters DatumDatum WGS 84WGS 84 Pixel Size &Pixel Size & interpolationinterpolation methodmethod (Geo 1m).8 to 1.2m GSD resampled by cubic(Geo 1m).8 to 1.2m GSD resampled by cubic convolution transfer to 1.0m map increment.convolution transfer to 1.0m map increment. MTFCMTFC Modulation transfer function compunction on MTFCModulation transfer function compunction on MTFC corrects for optical effects inherent in sensorcorrects for optical effects inherent in sensor operation.operation. FormatFormat Geo TIFFGeo TIFF Bits/pixelBits/pixel 11 bits per pixel 4m Multispectral Technical11 bits per pixel 4m Multispectral Technical SpecificationSpecification StercoSterco MonoMono MosaicMosaic NoNo HemisphereHemisphere NorthNorth
Forest Orchard Urban
78° 02' 78° 05' 78° 05'78° 02' 30° 22' 30° 22' 30° 19' 30° 19' R ajpur_road H a r id w a r_ r o a d S a h a s ra d h a r a _ ro a d K a u la g a r h _ r o a d Chakrata_road R ajpu r_roa d S a h a r a n p u r R o a d Raipur RoadEasternCanalRo N e w C a n to n m e n t R K uch upani R oad Kaonli Road BirapurRoad G an d h i R o a d Kalidas Road 2 0 2 Kilometers Dehradun City Railway Line Road Network LEGEND N MAJOR ROAD NETWORK (Dehradun and Surroundings)
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS
Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS

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Rajeshwari Urban Environment, RS and GIS

  • 1. THE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM Rajeshwari Department of Geography Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra email: rajeshwariku@gmail.com
  • 2.  Cities have always attracted human beings.  Hubs of all kinds of economic activities.  Resulted into ever-growing population size,  sqeezing open spaces available within city and exerted pressure on civic amenities. (dramatic phenomeon of urbnisation)  Growth of population –fundamental factor in human ecological system & its r/ship to natural resources, environ & technology.  Man has a pivotal role to maintain the required balance and is obligatory on his part.  Therefore, it is essential to understand the nature of cities, their functions, & services, so as disadvantages can be minimized.  Healthy development of cities rests on its immediate environ, which is under stress owing to development changes.
  • 3.  Land use planning assumes importance in creating living cities.  Urban development monitoring and mapping are necessary & for effective policy for unplanned areas.  Monitoring & mapping require reliable data at regular interval.  Momentum of urban development outpaced traditional technologies of surveying & mapping.  Studies demonstrated RS data and conjunction are very helpful in monitoring and mapping.  IRS-1D, IRS P6, LANDSAT, IKONOS and other high resolution imagery can be very helpful for repetitive data and GIS as tool for automation in mapping..
  • 4. Objectives: To highlight the importance of remote sensing and GIS technology in the study and management of urban areas. For this purpose it aims : 1. to analyse the urban land use and land cover of a city using RS and GIS technology. 2. to obtain a pattern of location of various types of facilities and how they can be managed in terms of better urban planning using GIS technology.
  • 5. Data and Methods : Any high resolution data (urban areas needs accurate detection of landuse due to high land prices), in this study, Satellite data (Image) IKONOS. Spatial data (Topographical Map), and Guide map of the city. Collateral data: Ward wise information from Census 2001. Software used: ERDAS Imagine and ARC VIEW GPS technology was also utilized for marking the facilities location.
  • 6. Primary Data Secondary IKONOS(MS) IKONOS(PAN) Guide Map Toposheets Ward Map Scanning Merging IKONOS Multi spectral and PAN data FCC Preparation of IKONOS Overlay of vector layer on FCC Extraction of the boundary map of Dehradun city from FCC Classification using MXL Classifier Assessment of Classification Accuracy Extraction of Ward-wise land use land cover
  • 7. METHODOLOGY 1. Data Procurement 2. Geo-referencing of map 3. Digitization of city & ward boundary map. 4. Overlay of vector layer on to satellite data. 5. Formulation of Interpretation keys for land use and land cover. 6. Merging IKONOS Multi Spectral and PAN data. 7. Preparation of false colour composite.
  • 8. 8. Overlay of vector layer on FCC & Extraction of the boundary map of Dehradun City from FCC. (Basic image characteristics such as shape, size, tone, texture, pattern & various associated features are being considered at the time of interpretation. The image is interpreted & classification is done by taking the scale, brightness, contrast and resolution of the data into consideration. Black and White & FCC (generated from MSS) is being used for visual interpretation.)
  • 9. BandsBands Blue, Green, Red, and NIRBlue, Green, Red, and NIR BandBand Spectral RangeSpectral Range 11 0.445-0.5160.445-0.516μm (Blue)μm (Blue) 22 0.506-0.5950.506-0.595μm (Green)μm (Green) 33 0.632-0.6980.632-0.698μm (Red)μm (Red) 44 0.757-0.853μm (NIR)0.757-0.853μm (NIR) Technical specifications of IKONOS Multispectral having 4m resolution General description of IKONOS Data AccuracyAccuracy 50m CE 9050m CE 90 ProjectionProjection Universal Transverse MercatorUniversal Transverse Mercator Horizontal unitsHorizontal units MetersMeters DatumDatum WGS 84WGS 84 Pixel sizePixel size 3.2 to 4.8m GSD resample to 4.0m map increment3.2 to 4.8m GSD resample to 4.0m map increment
  • 13. VARIATIONS IN SPECTRAL SIGNATURES OF FEATURES ON THE MERGED IMAGE Scale 1:4000 R1 R2 DB1 DB2 DS L2 L1 NC NC V2 V 1 V 3 B 3 B 2 B 1 B 4 Fig. 3
  • 14. Earth Surface Features Colours (in standard FCC) 1.Healthy Vegetation and Cultivated Area Evergreen Red to Magenta Deciduous Brown to Red Scrubs Light Brown with red patches Cropped Land Bright Red Fallow Land Light Blue to White 2. Water Body Clear Water Dark Blue to black Turbid waterbody Light Blue 3. Built-up Area High Density Dark Blue to bluish green Low Density Light Blue 4. Waste Lands/ Rock Outcrop Rock outcrop Light Brown Sandy Deserts/River sand Light Blue to white Salt Affected Deep Ravines Dark Green Shallow Ravines Light green Waterlogged / Wet lands Motelled Black
  • 15. Level ILevel I Level IILevel II Urban built up landUrban built up land Built up: residential, commercial and service,Built up: residential, commercial and service, industrial, transportation, communication and utilities,industrial, transportation, communication and utilities, industrial and commercial complexes, mixed urbanindustrial and commercial complexes, mixed urban and built upand built up Agricultural landAgricultural land Cropland and pasture, orchards, groves, vineyards,Cropland and pasture, orchards, groves, vineyards, nurseries and ornamental horticulture areas. Othernurseries and ornamental horticulture areas. Other agriculture areasagriculture areas RangelandRangeland Shrub and bush rangeland and mixed rangelandShrub and bush rangeland and mixed rangeland Forest landForest land Deciduous forest land, Evergreen forest mixed forestDeciduous forest land, Evergreen forest mixed forest WaterWater Streams, lakes, reservoirs, Bays and estuariesStreams, lakes, reservoirs, Bays and estuaries WetlandWetland Forested wetland and non-forest wetlandForested wetland and non-forest wetland Barren landBarren land Dry-salt flats, beaches, sandy areas other thanDry-salt flats, beaches, sandy areas other than beaches, bare exposed rocks, strip mines, quarries andbeaches, bare exposed rocks, strip mines, quarries and graved bits mixed barren and transitional areas.graved bits mixed barren and transitional areas. TundraTundra Shrub and bush tundra, bare ground tundra and mixedShrub and bush tundra, bare ground tundra and mixed tundra.tundra.
  • 17. Area (sqm) Density (sqm per 100 sqm) 15211.60 34.58 16179.63 27.33 13648.85 21.55 45040.08 26.89 Builtup Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Total
  • 18. ClassesClasses Area (Square mts)Area (Square mts) %% areaarea 1. Built up1. Built up 1512488615124886 52.67752.677 2. Crop Land2. Crop Land 24351422435142 9.2379.237 3. Recent3. Recent FallowFallow 63780806378080 14.29514.295 4. Thick4. Thick VegetationVegetation 72208167220816 20.71020.710 5. Open5. Open GroundGround 13227201322720 3.0223.022 6. Water body6. Water body 53925392 0.02090.0209 Land Use and land cover for Dehradun using IKONOS
  • 21. 1 30 7 13 9 32 10 8 11 2 34 33 6 27 31 29 17 15 3 28 16 14 526 12 25 1918 21 4 23 30° 19' 30° 19' 30° 22' 30° 22' 78° 02' 78° 05' 78° 05'78° 02' 2 0 2 Kilometers 1 - Rajpur 2 - Aryanagar 3 - Rispana 4 - Old Dalanwala 5 - Karanpur 6 - Mansinghwala 7 - Dalanwala West 8 - Dalanwala East 9 - Nehru Colony 10 - Race Coarse 11 - Mahadevi kanya Pathshala 12 - Chandra Nagar 13- Bhandaribagh 14 - Lakhibagh 15 - Indresh Nagar 16 - Patel Nagar 17 - Lakshman Chauk 18- Shivaji Marg 19 - Khurbura 20 - Jhanda Ward 21 - Dhamawala 22 - Mannu Ganji 23 - Tilak Road 24 - Ansari Marg 25 - Faltu Line 26 - Chukhoowala 27 - Bakralwala 28 - Dungwal Marg 29 - Vijay Colony 30 - Hartjobarkala 31 - Yamuna Nager 32 - Rajendra Nagar 33 - Ballupur 34 - Vijay park N LEGEND WARD MAP OF DEHRADUN CITY
  • 22. Results: Superimposing ward-wise map and IKONOS data, the prominent land use of the city is the built up area (52.7%) of the total area of the city. Next class is the thick vegetation, i.e. 20.7 per cent. The open land comprises 3 percent of total land area- which include open grounds, parks and stadium. The entire city was broadly classified into seven classes. Regarding the results, most of the objects of interest could be identified. It revealed great potential of multi-spectral high resolution IKONOS data for mapping and monitoring of land use and land cover over a period of time.
  • 23. For urban planning, the maps made in this manner can be used for the following purposes: - Identification of vacant land for acquisition. -Updating of base maps. -Alignment of major roads and railways. -In change detection over a period of time with reference to land use and land cover.
  • 24. 2. Management of Urban Infrastructure/Utility services: -Quality of life in urban areas largely depends on the availability of infrastructure. -To prevent anarchy in the matter of utilities and services, the planning of infrastructure becomes absolutely vital. -With the help of GIS and GPS, location of facilities are marked (concentration, dispersion index, availability, physical accessibility of services can be known). -With the help of road network, using GIS, buffer and connectivity analysis has been done i.e. within specified km or any specified distance, how much area and population does it covers. (city planners can calculate service demands for public facilities)
  • 25. # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # Doon School Central School St. Joseph's Academy Model School for Blind St. Thomas High School Jesus and Mary High School Welham's Girl's High School Sri Guru Ramray Public School Sri Guru Ramray Public School Shri Guru Ramray Public School Carman Residential and Day School Sri Guru Ramrray Public School Shri Guru Ramray Public School Children Academy Inter College Figure 3.1 : Schools in Dehradun Municipality N 1000 0 1000 2000 Meters
  • 26. •#•S •#•S •#•S•#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S•#•S •#•S •#•S •#•S •F•R•I •G•S•I •B•S•I •I•I•R•S •R•l•y•_•s•t•a•t•i•o•n •C•i•r•c•u•i•t••H•o•u•s•e •R•o•b•b•e•r•'•s••C•a•v•e •T•a•p•k•e•s•h•w•a•r• •T•e•m•p•l •N•I•V•H•(•B•l•i•n•d••S•c•h•o•o•l•) •G•S•I •B•S•I •I•I•R•S•W•a•d•i•a••I••H •R•l•y•_•s•t•a•t•i•o•n •D•o•o•n••S•c•h•o•o•l •C•l•o•c•k• •T•o•w•e•r •B•u•s••s•t•a•n•d•-•u•p•t•c •C•i•t•y••b•u•s••s•t•a•n•d •B•u•s••s•t•a•n•d••-•H•i•l•l•s •P•r•e•s•i•d•e•n•t•'•s• •B•o•d•y •Z•o•o•l•o•g•i•c•a•l••S•u•r•v•e •B•o•t•a•n•i•c•a•l• •S•u•r•v•e•y •2 •0 •2 •K•i•l•o•m•e•t•e•r•s •N •F•A•L•S•E••C•O•L•O•R••C•O•M•P•O•S•I•TE •(•R•o•a•d••N•e•t•w•o•r•k••o•f••D•e•h•r•a•d•u•n••C•i•t•y•)
  • 28. # # # # # # # # # # # # # # Military Hospital Vetenary Hospital Veterinary Hospital Kalhan Nursing Home Coronation Hospital Doon Hospital Gandhi Centenary Eye Hospital Chesire Hospital Leper Asylum Children Welfare New Forest Hospital Sitaram Sewasadan 1000 0 1000 2000 Meters Figure 4.1km buffer of hospitals
  • 29. #S #S #S #S#S #S #S #S #S 78° 02' 78° 05' 78° 05'78° 02' 30° 22' 30° 22' 30° 19' 30° 19' Doon School Central School J&M High School MJKanyaPathshala ModelSchool for Blind St.Thomas High School Welham's Girl'sSchool 2 0 2 Kilometers SERVICE AREA OF THE SCHOOLS (Dehradun City and surroundings) N Road Network Service Area Road Network in the Service Area #S schools LEGEND
  • 31. Site Suitability analysis • A multiple theme based query using relevant fields from various input themes was generated to propose sites for hospitals and schools • Three theme based queries were run for finding out suitable hospital sites: • major road network map • ward wise population density and • distance from the existing hospitals
  • 32. POPULATION DENSITY IS MORE THAN 8000 PERSONS, THE DISTANCE FROM THE MAJOR ROAD NETWORK IS EQUAL TO 300MT AND THE DISTANCE FROM EXISTING FACILITY IS MORE THAN OR EQUAL TO1000M. QUERY WAS:(NWGRID>=POPDEN)AND (ROADGRD>=300MT)AND HOSDISTGRID>=1000MT). IN ORDER TO FIND SUITABLE SITES FOR SCHOOLS IN THE CITY, SIMILAR QUERY WAS MADE USING THREE DIFFERENT THEMES AS INPUT THEMES. SUITABLE SITE FOR HOSPITALS AND SCHOOLS HAVE BEEN MAPPED
  • 34. query for finding suitable site for schools was; ulation density more than 8000 persons per sq. km ance from major roads equal to 1 km, but connected with roads ance from existing schools 5 km.
  • 35. CONCLUSIO N: Ward-wise land use and land cover classification was obtained. The existing pattern of land use can be linked to human activities. The entire city was classified into seven classes. Broad level mapping and monitoring in land use/land cover and change detection over a period of time can be done. Availability, accessibility and interconnectivity of various facilities and suitable location of additional facilities can be known.
  • 36. In addition to this: Base maps of towns for development purposes can be prepared and upgraded more frequently as high resolution satellite imagery is ideal, cost and time effective for producing, (Further, maps have traditionally been a state responsibility, Govt. have invested heavily in building surveys & mapping infrastructure). For identification of vacant land for town planning, for location of services, for management of urban infrastructure and traffic networking i.e. finding shortest route, alternative routes during rush hours, alignment of roads, railways and high traffic lines etc. these two technologies can help in the improvement of overall urban environment.
  • 40. Spectral rangeSpectral range 0.45 to .900.45 to .90μmμm AccuracyAccuracy 50m CE 90 not including effects of50m CE 90 not including effects of terraindiscplacements which means that any pointterraindiscplacements which means that any point with in the image is within 50 meters horizontally ofwith in the image is within 50 meters horizontally of its true position on the earth’s surface 90% of time.its true position on the earth’s surface 90% of time. ProjectionProjection Universal Transverse MercatorUniversal Transverse Mercator Horizontal UnitsHorizontal Units MetersMeters DatumDatum WGS 84WGS 84 Pixel Size &Pixel Size & interpolationinterpolation methodmethod (Geo 1m).8 to 1.2m GSD resampled by cubic(Geo 1m).8 to 1.2m GSD resampled by cubic convolution transfer to 1.0m map increment.convolution transfer to 1.0m map increment. MTFCMTFC Modulation transfer function compunction on MTFCModulation transfer function compunction on MTFC corrects for optical effects inherent in sensorcorrects for optical effects inherent in sensor operation.operation. FormatFormat Geo TIFFGeo TIFF Bits/pixelBits/pixel 11 bits per pixel 4m Multispectral Technical11 bits per pixel 4m Multispectral Technical SpecificationSpecification StercoSterco MonoMono MosaicMosaic NoNo HemisphereHemisphere NorthNorth
  • 42. 78° 02' 78° 05' 78° 05'78° 02' 30° 22' 30° 22' 30° 19' 30° 19' R ajpur_road H a r id w a r_ r o a d S a h a s ra d h a r a _ ro a d K a u la g a r h _ r o a d Chakrata_road R ajpu r_roa d S a h a r a n p u r R o a d Raipur RoadEasternCanalRo N e w C a n to n m e n t R K uch upani R oad Kaonli Road BirapurRoad G an d h i R o a d Kalidas Road 2 0 2 Kilometers Dehradun City Railway Line Road Network LEGEND N MAJOR ROAD NETWORK (Dehradun and Surroundings)

Editor's Notes

  1. unctions
  2. Superimposing ward-wise map and IKONOS data, the prominent land use of the city is the built up area (52.7%) of the total area of the city. Next is
  3. For urban planning, the maps made in this manner can be used for the following purposes:
  4. Management of Urban Infrastructure/Utility services