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Simpletenses

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Ignatius Joseph Estroga
Ignatius Joseph Estroga

This document defines and discusses the simple tenses of verbs in English, including the present, past, and future tenses. It covers formation, usage, and examples of the simple present, past, and future tenses in both active and passive voice. Key points include how the present tense expresses habitual or ongoing actions, the past tense expresses completed actions at a definite time in the past, and the future tense expresses actions that will occur beyond the present. Examples are provided to illustrate the different tenses.

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“THE SIMPLE TENSES OF THE VERB”
A. DEFINITIONS • PRESENT TENSE - action occurring at the present time ; • PAST TENSE - action occurring at a definite time before the present moment; • PAST PARTICIPLE - used to form perfect tenses and passive voice; • FUTURE TENSE - action occurring at some time beyond the present moment.
I. SIMPLE PRESENT A. Simple present habitual 1. Formation in the Active and Passive Voice a) The simple present habitual of all verbs except BE in the active voice is based on the simple or base form. The third person singular of almost all verbs is made by adding -es or -s to the simple form. b) The simple present habitual of verbs in the passive voice is a combination of the verb BE (am,is,are) + past participle of the verb. The verb be agrees in person and number with its subject.
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE See: see am sees- (third person is seen singular) are Study: study am studies (third is studied person singular) are Be: am (first person) None is (third person) are Examples: Examples: The boy delivers The newspaper is delivered newspapers everyday. everyday by the boy. The verb BE has no passive voice form because it does not show voice.
2. USAGE a) The verb forms in the simple present habitual express activities that regularly occur in the present time. It also expresses activities that have occurred at intervals before, and will probably continue to occur at the moment of speaking. Adverbials of frequency such as everyday, daily, often, etc. help intensify the kind of activity and the period if its occurrence. EXAMPLES: 1. I read a book everyday. 2. He plays piano piece every program. 3. They practice their dance every night.
b) The verb forms in the simple present habitual also expresses activities that extend for varying lengths of time beyond the moment of speaking. The activities have existed before and will probably continue to exist after the moment of speaking, but the beginning and the ending are unknown or unimportant. EXAMPLES: 1. My brother plays the violin well. 2. He knows many residents in Cabanatuan. 3. We have faith in you.
c) In the future activity, adverbials of time that express futurity such as tomorrow, an hour from now, etc. help to intensify the period of the activity. EXAMPLES: 1. They leave tomorrow. 2. The program begins an hour from now. 3. I arrive tonight. d) The verb forms in the simple present habitual also express activities that are relatively permanent. In other words, these verb forms express general truths. EXAMPLES: 1. The sun rises in the east.
II. SIMPLE PAST A. Simple Definite Past 1. Formation in the Active and Passive Voice The definite past in the active voice is the same as the past form of the verb. The form is the same for all persons whether singular or plural. The verb BE is an exception. The definite past in the passive voice is a combination of the verb BE (was, were) + past participle form of the verb. The verb BE agrees in number and person with its subject. Below are examples of verb forms in the definite past tense.
2. USAGE a) The verb forms in the simple definite past tense express activities that happened in the past. These verb forms are used to indicate a completed action at a definite point of time in the past. Adverbials of time such as yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, etc. help intensify the period of the activity. EXAMPLES: 1. They played tennis last Saturday. 2. Mr. Cruz walked home from work yesterday.
b) A verb form in the simple definite past tense may also occur with a verb form in the simple past progressive in a complex sentence. In this case, the verb form in the simple definite past expresses the shorter activity. Usually this shorter activity is found in a dependent clause introduced by the word when. EXAMPLES: 1. I was eating supper when I heard the telephone ring. 2. The class was having choral recitation when the principal entered the room. 3. When the lights went off, I was solving an interesting problem.
C. Simple Past Habitual 1. Formation One form of the past habitual is a verb phrase combination used to + simple or base form of the verb. This is the active voice form. The passive voice form of this verb phrase combination is rarely used. Below are examples of verb forms in the Simple Past Habitual Tense. ACTIVE VOICE - used to + simple form sing - used to sing accompany - used to accompany EXAMPLES: 1. Mario used to study hard before. 2. He used to come here everyday.
2. USAGE The simple past habitual tense form of the verb indicates activities, state or condition that existed over a period of time in the past but may not be existing anymore at present. EXAMPLES: 1. Mario used to be studious when he was in high school. 2. I used to spend my free hours in the park. 3. I used to visit her every weekend.
III. PAST PARTICIPLE • To gain assurance in your use of verbs, you must remember how the past tense and past participle are used: 1. The PAST TENSE is always a single-word verb; it is never used with an auxiliary: I ate my lunch. [Not I have ate my lunch.] 2. The PAST PARTICIPLE is never a single-word verb; it is used with the auxiliary HAVE (to form the perfect tenses) or the auxiliary BE (to form the passive voice): I have done the work. [Not I done the work.]
PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI Become became become Begin began begun Break broke broken Choose chose chosen Come came come Do did done Drink drank drunk Drive drove driven Fall fell fallen Fly flew flown Freeze froze frozen Give gave given Go went gone Ride rode ridden Ring rang rung Speak spoke spoken Sink sank sunk
PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI Blow blew blown Bring brought brought Build built built Catch caught caught Creep crept crept Deal dealt dealt Draw drew drawn Throw threw thrown Lend lent lent Shine shone shone Dig dug dug Hang hung hung
BE* was,were BEEN Burst burst burst Buy bought bought Climb climbed climbed Cling clung clung Drag dragged dragged Drown drowned drowned Eat ate eaten Fling flung flung Shake shook shaken Sting stung stung Take took taken Skin skinned skinned
PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI Lay laid laid Lie lay lain Set set set Sit sat sat Raise raised raised Rise rose risen
IV.SIMPLE FUTURE A. The Simple Future (non-progressive) and Simple Future Progressive 1. Formation a) The Simple Future (non-progressive) The simple future form in the active voice is a verb combination composed of the verb (will/shall) + simple form of the verb. The passive form of this is will BE or shall BE + past participle form of the verb.
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE write: will will write be written shall shall speak: will will speak be spoken shall shall be: will None be shall
B. Other Verb Forms that express Futurity The following verb forms also express actions that will occur or will take place in future time. be + going to + simple form of the verb e.g. I am going to study here next year. He is going to work abroad in the near future. be + to + simple form of the verb e.g. He is to finish this work tonight. You are to submit your report tomorrow.
PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI FUTURE See saw seen will see _____ studied have studied ______ Sing _____ _______ shall sing _____ spoke _____ will speak _____ _____ written ______ Take took taken shall be taken Break _____ broke ______ _____ became become ______ Buy _____ bought ______ _____ chose chosen ______ _____ _____ driven ______ Fly _____ _____ will fly See _____ seen ______
THE END REPORTERS:  Taguba, Roselyn Guigue, Susanna Jane S. Tangapa, Jenny Tantua IGNATIUS JOSEPH ESTROGA INSTRUCTOR
THANK YOU ^_^ GOD BLESS :))

More Related Content

Simpletenses

  • 1. “THE SIMPLE TENSES OF THE VERB”
  • 2. A. DEFINITIONS • PRESENT TENSE - action occurring at the present time ; • PAST TENSE - action occurring at a definite time before the present moment; • PAST PARTICIPLE - used to form perfect tenses and passive voice; • FUTURE TENSE - action occurring at some time beyond the present moment.
  • 3. I. SIMPLE PRESENT A. Simple present habitual 1. Formation in the Active and Passive Voice a) The simple present habitual of all verbs except BE in the active voice is based on the simple or base form. The third person singular of almost all verbs is made by adding -es or -s to the simple form. b) The simple present habitual of verbs in the passive voice is a combination of the verb BE (am,is,are) + past participle of the verb. The verb be agrees in person and number with its subject.
  • 4. ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE See: see am sees- (third person is seen singular) are Study: study am studies (third is studied person singular) are Be: am (first person) None is (third person) are Examples: Examples: The boy delivers The newspaper is delivered newspapers everyday. everyday by the boy. The verb BE has no passive voice form because it does not show voice.
  • 5. 2. USAGE a) The verb forms in the simple present habitual express activities that regularly occur in the present time. It also expresses activities that have occurred at intervals before, and will probably continue to occur at the moment of speaking. Adverbials of frequency such as everyday, daily, often, etc. help intensify the kind of activity and the period if its occurrence. EXAMPLES: 1. I read a book everyday. 2. He plays piano piece every program. 3. They practice their dance every night.
  • 6. b) The verb forms in the simple present habitual also expresses activities that extend for varying lengths of time beyond the moment of speaking. The activities have existed before and will probably continue to exist after the moment of speaking, but the beginning and the ending are unknown or unimportant. EXAMPLES: 1. My brother plays the violin well. 2. He knows many residents in Cabanatuan. 3. We have faith in you.
  • 7. c) In the future activity, adverbials of time that express futurity such as tomorrow, an hour from now, etc. help to intensify the period of the activity. EXAMPLES: 1. They leave tomorrow. 2. The program begins an hour from now. 3. I arrive tonight. d) The verb forms in the simple present habitual also express activities that are relatively permanent. In other words, these verb forms express general truths. EXAMPLES: 1. The sun rises in the east.
  • 8. II. SIMPLE PAST A. Simple Definite Past 1. Formation in the Active and Passive Voice The definite past in the active voice is the same as the past form of the verb. The form is the same for all persons whether singular or plural. The verb BE is an exception. The definite past in the passive voice is a combination of the verb BE (was, were) + past participle form of the verb. The verb BE agrees in number and person with its subject. Below are examples of verb forms in the definite past tense.
  • 9. 2. USAGE a) The verb forms in the simple definite past tense express activities that happened in the past. These verb forms are used to indicate a completed action at a definite point of time in the past. Adverbials of time such as yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, etc. help intensify the period of the activity. EXAMPLES: 1. They played tennis last Saturday. 2. Mr. Cruz walked home from work yesterday.
  • 10. b) A verb form in the simple definite past tense may also occur with a verb form in the simple past progressive in a complex sentence. In this case, the verb form in the simple definite past expresses the shorter activity. Usually this shorter activity is found in a dependent clause introduced by the word when. EXAMPLES: 1. I was eating supper when I heard the telephone ring. 2. The class was having choral recitation when the principal entered the room. 3. When the lights went off, I was solving an interesting problem.
  • 11. C. Simple Past Habitual 1. Formation One form of the past habitual is a verb phrase combination used to + simple or base form of the verb. This is the active voice form. The passive voice form of this verb phrase combination is rarely used. Below are examples of verb forms in the Simple Past Habitual Tense. ACTIVE VOICE - used to + simple form sing - used to sing accompany - used to accompany EXAMPLES: 1. Mario used to study hard before. 2. He used to come here everyday.
  • 12. 2. USAGE The simple past habitual tense form of the verb indicates activities, state or condition that existed over a period of time in the past but may not be existing anymore at present. EXAMPLES: 1. Mario used to be studious when he was in high school. 2. I used to spend my free hours in the park. 3. I used to visit her every weekend.
  • 13. III. PAST PARTICIPLE • To gain assurance in your use of verbs, you must remember how the past tense and past participle are used: 1. The PAST TENSE is always a single-word verb; it is never used with an auxiliary: I ate my lunch. [Not I have ate my lunch.] 2. The PAST PARTICIPLE is never a single-word verb; it is used with the auxiliary HAVE (to form the perfect tenses) or the auxiliary BE (to form the passive voice): I have done the work. [Not I done the work.]
  • 14. PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI Become became become Begin began begun Break broke broken Choose chose chosen Come came come Do did done Drink drank drunk Drive drove driven Fall fell fallen Fly flew flown Freeze froze frozen Give gave given Go went gone Ride rode ridden Ring rang rung Speak spoke spoken Sink sank sunk
  • 15. PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI Blow blew blown Bring brought brought Build built built Catch caught caught Creep crept crept Deal dealt dealt Draw drew drawn Throw threw thrown Lend lent lent Shine shone shone Dig dug dug Hang hung hung
  • 16. BE* was,were BEEN Burst burst burst Buy bought bought Climb climbed climbed Cling clung clung Drag dragged dragged Drown drowned drowned Eat ate eaten Fling flung flung Shake shook shaken Sting stung stung Take took taken Skin skinned skinned
  • 17. PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI Lay laid laid Lie lay lain Set set set Sit sat sat Raise raised raised Rise rose risen
  • 18. IV.SIMPLE FUTURE A. The Simple Future (non-progressive) and Simple Future Progressive 1. Formation a) The Simple Future (non-progressive) The simple future form in the active voice is a verb combination composed of the verb (will/shall) + simple form of the verb. The passive form of this is will BE or shall BE + past participle form of the verb.
  • 19. ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE write: will will write be written shall shall speak: will will speak be spoken shall shall be: will None be shall
  • 20. B. Other Verb Forms that express Futurity The following verb forms also express actions that will occur or will take place in future time. be + going to + simple form of the verb e.g. I am going to study here next year. He is going to work abroad in the near future. be + to + simple form of the verb e.g. He is to finish this work tonight. You are to submit your report tomorrow.
  • 21. PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI FUTURE See saw seen will see _____ studied have studied ______ Sing _____ _______ shall sing _____ spoke _____ will speak _____ _____ written ______ Take took taken shall be taken Break _____ broke ______ _____ became become ______ Buy _____ bought ______ _____ chose chosen ______ _____ _____ driven ______ Fly _____ _____ will fly See _____ seen ______
  • 22. THE END REPORTERS:  Taguba, Roselyn Guigue, Susanna Jane S. Tangapa, Jenny Tantua IGNATIUS JOSEPH ESTROGA INSTRUCTOR
  • 23. THANK YOU ^_^ GOD BLESS :))