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Social impact assessment

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The document discusses social impact assessment (SIA) and its importance in development projects. It provides an overview of SIA, including its origins in the US and incorporation by the World Bank. In India, SIA gained importance after the Bhopal disaster to avoid social risks. The document outlines the steps involved in conducting an SIA, from preliminary assessments to documentation. It discusses key aspects like identifying affected communities, assessing land values, entitlement frameworks, and public consultations. Relevant laws and policies for resettlement and rehabilitation are also summarized.

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SOLUTIONS e n - V I S I  n BY: ARIF SHAIKH M/S. EN-VISION ENVIRO ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
 The concept of SIA was introduced in 1969, under U.S. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and is required to analyze the effect of legislation on the “human environment.” The field of SIA emerged during the 1970s, primarily as a response to new environmental legislation.  Slowly, a range of SIA methods and processes developed, from ‘technical’ to ‘political’ approaches, short-term to long-term studies, and from formal to informal studies. The World Bank incorporated SIA in their Project Evaluation procedures in 1986. e n - V I S I  n
 In India, the EIA and SIA processes gained importance after the tragic Bhopal disaster with objective to avoid any form of social risk. SIA can prove to be extremely useful tool. One of the many benefits of SIA is that “it seeks to help individuals, groups, organizations and communities to understand possible social, cultural, or economic impacts, or better-still impacts of proposed change’. (Barrow, 2000)  Today in India, most of the SIA report focuses their study on land acquisition, resettlement and rehabilitation. e n - V I S I  n
 To help individuals, communities, as well as government and private sector organizations so that they are able to understand and anticipate the likely social consequences on human populations and communities of proposed development project e n - V I S I  n
 Analyze how developmental proposals affect people  Identify and mitigate adverse impacts  Enhance benefits of the developmental proposals  Help manage social change e n - V I S I  n
 Project area assessment – reconnaissance survey  Preliminary estimate of impacts – category/extent  Field planning – Team building/coordination planning  Time and fund allocation SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
Step 1  Identification of the right team – key personnel  Identification of the right team – support personnel  Identification of the right team – field team  Training – Project Management/coordination/financial management/socio-economic survey/public consultations/land value market survey/etc.  Time planning in line with other activities on the project. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
 According to New Bill – COMPENSATION CALCULATION  Rural area = (Market Value x 2) + value of assets attached to land or building + (100 % solatium)  Urban area = (Market Value x 1) + value of assets attached to land or building + (100 % solatium) SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
Step 2  Gathering the revenue maps of the affected area  Demarcating the project area  Enlisting all the properties from the revenue maps  Gathering all published data regarding the project area SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
Step 3  Conduct the socio-economic profiling of all affected families – the titleholders’ and non- titleholders SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
e n - V I S I  n
Step 4  Conduct the land/structure market value assessment region wise (or classify your project area into different zones or regions depending on the land use)  Gather the Basic Schedule Rates (for structures) and Circle rates for land from concerned departments SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
 Displaced person or DPs are those who are forced to move out of their land when development project requires land.  Project affected person or PAPs are those who lose their livelihood and or assets fully or partially without being displaced.  Indirect DPs/PAPs the project becomes operational for example coal based thermal power plant emits ash that destroys land and causes health hazard, so do cement plant. Mines cause dust pollution that affect people's health and forces them to vacate the original area. e n - V I S I  n
The impact of the mining activity e n - V I S I  n
 Land acquisition act, 1894  National Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy, 2007  Relevant BSR  Disclosure policy the relevant executing body or the funding agency LEGAL POLICIES/ACTS e n - V I S I  n
 Non-agricultural firms to acquire land  State governments have the main authority over land acquisition and price land  Does “not recognize non-titleholders,” or those people who are not legally bound to the land they live on e n - V I S I  n
 NRRP apply to all projects where involuntary displacement takes place  To minimize displacement and to promote, as far as possible, non-displacing or least- displacing alternatives  To protect the rights of weaker sections, especially members of SCs and STs.  A new project or expansion of an existing project, which involves involuntary displacement of 400 or more families en masse in plain areas, or 200 or more families en masse in tribal or hilly areas then SIA is applicable National Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy, 2007 e n - V I S I  n
 Coordination with the revenue department officials – Deputy Commissioner/relevant village revenue officers  Gathering the revenue maps/ownership records  Digitization of the maps and superimposing onto the designs  Preparation of the LAP LAND ACQUISITION PLAN e n - V I S I  n
 SIA  LAP  LEGAL POLICIES/ACTS  ENTITLEMENT FRAMEWORK/MATRIX (category and type of loss and the eligible category for entitlements )  PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS  MONITORING & EVALUATION  IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE (Timeframe of the project activities)  BUDGET ESTIMATE RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN e n - V I S I  n
e n - V I S I  n
 INSITUTIONAL LEVEL – LOCAL ADMINISTRATION/EXECUTING AGENCY/ETC.  COMMUNITY LEVEL – AFFECTED FAMILIES/VILLAGE MEMEBERS/ETC. PUBLIC INFORMATION & CONSULTATION e n - V I S I  n
 LOCAL ADMINISTRATION LOCATIONS  PANCHAYAT OFFICE  LOCAL LANGUAGE PAMPHLETS  WEBSITES, ETC. DISCLOSURE e n - V I S I  n
Tools - Unstructured checklists - Structured questionnaires Type of contacts - Individual conversational Interviews - Community level discussions - Institutional level discussions SIA - TOOLS AND TYPES ADOPTED e n - V I S I  n
- Reconnaissance - Preliminary Estimate Report - Socio-economic Profile – Secondary Information Report - Social Impact Assessment Report - Land Acquisition Report - Resettlement Action Plan - Public Disclosure PROJECT DOCUMENTATION e n - V I S I  n
- Social investigation weak during preparation - Potential impoverishment risks not fully identified - Resulting in inadequate income restoration - Inadequate asset valuation methodologies (leading lower replacement values) - Definition of impacts is inadequate - Examination of vulnerable groups is inadequate RESETTLEMENT RISK MANAGEMENT - issues e n - V I S I  n
THANK YOU e n - V I S I  n

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Social impact assessment

  • 1. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SOLUTIONS e n - V I S I  n BY: ARIF SHAIKH M/S. EN-VISION ENVIRO ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
  • 2.  The concept of SIA was introduced in 1969, under U.S. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and is required to analyze the effect of legislation on the “human environment.” The field of SIA emerged during the 1970s, primarily as a response to new environmental legislation.  Slowly, a range of SIA methods and processes developed, from ‘technical’ to ‘political’ approaches, short-term to long-term studies, and from formal to informal studies. The World Bank incorporated SIA in their Project Evaluation procedures in 1986. e n - V I S I  n
  • 3.  In India, the EIA and SIA processes gained importance after the tragic Bhopal disaster with objective to avoid any form of social risk. SIA can prove to be extremely useful tool. One of the many benefits of SIA is that “it seeks to help individuals, groups, organizations and communities to understand possible social, cultural, or economic impacts, or better-still impacts of proposed change’. (Barrow, 2000)  Today in India, most of the SIA report focuses their study on land acquisition, resettlement and rehabilitation. e n - V I S I  n
  • 4.  To help individuals, communities, as well as government and private sector organizations so that they are able to understand and anticipate the likely social consequences on human populations and communities of proposed development project e n - V I S I  n
  • 5.  Analyze how developmental proposals affect people  Identify and mitigate adverse impacts  Enhance benefits of the developmental proposals  Help manage social change e n - V I S I  n
  • 6.  Project area assessment – reconnaissance survey  Preliminary estimate of impacts – category/extent  Field planning – Team building/coordination planning  Time and fund allocation SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
  • 7. Step 1  Identification of the right team – key personnel  Identification of the right team – support personnel  Identification of the right team – field team  Training – Project Management/coordination/financial management/socio-economic survey/public consultations/land value market survey/etc.  Time planning in line with other activities on the project. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
  • 8.  According to New Bill – COMPENSATION CALCULATION  Rural area = (Market Value x 2) + value of assets attached to land or building + (100 % solatium)  Urban area = (Market Value x 1) + value of assets attached to land or building + (100 % solatium) SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
  • 9. Step 2  Gathering the revenue maps of the affected area  Demarcating the project area  Enlisting all the properties from the revenue maps  Gathering all published data regarding the project area SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
  • 10. Step 3  Conduct the socio-economic profiling of all affected families – the titleholders’ and non- titleholders SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
  • 11. e n - V I S I  n
  • 12. Step 4  Conduct the land/structure market value assessment region wise (or classify your project area into different zones or regions depending on the land use)  Gather the Basic Schedule Rates (for structures) and Circle rates for land from concerned departments SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT e n - V I S I  n
  • 13.  Displaced person or DPs are those who are forced to move out of their land when development project requires land.  Project affected person or PAPs are those who lose their livelihood and or assets fully or partially without being displaced.  Indirect DPs/PAPs the project becomes operational for example coal based thermal power plant emits ash that destroys land and causes health hazard, so do cement plant. Mines cause dust pollution that affect people's health and forces them to vacate the original area. e n - V I S I  n
  • 14. The impact of the mining activity e n - V I S I  n
  • 15.  Land acquisition act, 1894  National Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy, 2007  Relevant BSR  Disclosure policy the relevant executing body or the funding agency LEGAL POLICIES/ACTS e n - V I S I  n
  • 16.  Non-agricultural firms to acquire land  State governments have the main authority over land acquisition and price land  Does “not recognize non-titleholders,” or those people who are not legally bound to the land they live on e n - V I S I  n
  • 17.  NRRP apply to all projects where involuntary displacement takes place  To minimize displacement and to promote, as far as possible, non-displacing or least- displacing alternatives  To protect the rights of weaker sections, especially members of SCs and STs.  A new project or expansion of an existing project, which involves involuntary displacement of 400 or more families en masse in plain areas, or 200 or more families en masse in tribal or hilly areas then SIA is applicable National Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy, 2007 e n - V I S I  n
  • 18.  Coordination with the revenue department officials – Deputy Commissioner/relevant village revenue officers  Gathering the revenue maps/ownership records  Digitization of the maps and superimposing onto the designs  Preparation of the LAP LAND ACQUISITION PLAN e n - V I S I  n
  • 19.  SIA  LAP  LEGAL POLICIES/ACTS  ENTITLEMENT FRAMEWORK/MATRIX (category and type of loss and the eligible category for entitlements )  PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS  MONITORING & EVALUATION  IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE (Timeframe of the project activities)  BUDGET ESTIMATE RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN e n - V I S I  n
  • 20. e n - V I S I  n
  • 21.  INSITUTIONAL LEVEL – LOCAL ADMINISTRATION/EXECUTING AGENCY/ETC.  COMMUNITY LEVEL – AFFECTED FAMILIES/VILLAGE MEMEBERS/ETC. PUBLIC INFORMATION & CONSULTATION e n - V I S I  n
  • 22.  LOCAL ADMINISTRATION LOCATIONS  PANCHAYAT OFFICE  LOCAL LANGUAGE PAMPHLETS  WEBSITES, ETC. DISCLOSURE e n - V I S I  n
  • 23. Tools - Unstructured checklists - Structured questionnaires Type of contacts - Individual conversational Interviews - Community level discussions - Institutional level discussions SIA - TOOLS AND TYPES ADOPTED e n - V I S I  n
  • 24. - Reconnaissance - Preliminary Estimate Report - Socio-economic Profile – Secondary Information Report - Social Impact Assessment Report - Land Acquisition Report - Resettlement Action Plan - Public Disclosure PROJECT DOCUMENTATION e n - V I S I  n
  • 25. - Social investigation weak during preparation - Potential impoverishment risks not fully identified - Resulting in inadequate income restoration - Inadequate asset valuation methodologies (leading lower replacement values) - Definition of impacts is inadequate - Examination of vulnerable groups is inadequate RESETTLEMENT RISK MANAGEMENT - issues e n - V I S I  n
  • 26. THANK YOU e n - V I S I  n