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Solarsystem3.pptx

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The document provides information about stars, galaxies, constellations, and calendars. It discusses: 1) The definition of a star and how stars are classified by temperature and spectra into 7 main types from O to M stars. 2) What galaxies are, the different types (spiral, elliptical, lenticular, irregular), and examples of each type. 3) How constellations are groups of stars that appear close together and form patterns, and how they have been used to locate objects in the sky, determine directions, and entertain people through cultural stories.

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SOLAR SYSTEM Stars, Calendars, Galaxies and Constellations
A star is an object in space that gives out its own light and consists of gases held together by its own gravity. Star is formed from clouds of gases and dust, which contract and collapse towards the center of the star. The gases are mostly Hydrogen and Helium. What is star?
 Scientists classify stars by temperature and the elements they absorb, which are called their spectra. They have divided stars into seven main types.  There are seven main types of stars: O, B, A, F, G, K and M. The O stars are the bright, hot, blue stars and the M stars are the dimmer, cooler, red stars  O stars are blue  B stars are blue-white  A stars are white  F stars are yellow-white  G stars are yellow  K stars are orange  M stars are red Classifying stars
 There are some famous stars apart from our Sun. Can you find their information to enrich your knowledge… Betelgeuse, Sirius, Vega, Polaris, Antares, Rigel, Pleiades, Alpha Carinae… Can you find out these stars information?
Solarsystem3.pptx
Star’s life cycle
Our Sun’ s hydrogen fuel will run out one day. It will form a small, cool glowing star called white dwarf. Later on, this will slowly fade away and stop glowing, forming a black dwarf or dead star. Since our Sun is in group G or yellow dwarf star so it will not become black hole. Sun is 4,5 billion years old and it will become black dwarf in another 5 billion years. Star’s life cycle
Sun’s diagram
There are three main structures that made up our Sun. 1. Atmosphere; It is made up of Corona and Chromosphere. These areas are having few million degree Celcius. 2. Photosphere; It has two parts called sunspots and solar flares. These areas are having 5500°C, colder than core and atmosphere. Sun’s diagram
3. Core; the hottest part with 15.000.000°C and also where the radiation and magnetic force are the strongest. Here the nuclear fusion happened and releasing huge energy that can be received by the Earth and other planets. Sun’s diagram
 Others stars also have all of our Sun’s characteristics, yet they cannot be seen during the day time, since, the light from our sun faded the others stars’ light. The distance of these stars are in __light year. 1 light year is the distance that light can travel in one year. It has a value of 9.46 x 10 metres. Stars that are nearer to the Earth appear bigger while stars that are further away, appear smaller. Charateristics of other stars. 15
Actually these are stars. They are shinning all the time. However, we cannot see them because of the light from the Sun.
The Sun and the Moon play important part in our lives. They are used to calculate the duration of one year. Christian or Gregorian calendar or known as Tahun Masehi or Syamsiah. Use, mostly by people around the world. The year is divided by 12 months. Using the Earth that revolves the Sun. It is revolving the Sun in 365 days or 366 days. Calendars
Christian or Gregorian calendar. The year that has 366 days is called LEAP year, it is happened when 1 day is added in February every 4 years. The Christian calendar is a solar calendar based on the revolution of the Earth around the Sun. Calendars
The Sun and the Moon play important part in our lives. They are used to calculate the duration of one year. Muslim Calendar or known as Tahun Hijriah or Komariah. Use, mostly by many Muslim countries, such as Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, etc. The year is divided by 12 months. Using the Moon that revolves the Earth. It is revolving the Earth in 354 days. Calendars
Muslim calendar. The Muslim calendar is a lunar calendar based on the revolution of the Moon around the Earth. Calendars
Chinese and Hindu calendars. Chinese calendar starts with the new moon every month. A common year has 12 months and a leap year has 13 months; and an ordinary year has 353–355 days while a leap year has 383–385 days. Hindu calendar starts with the full moon every month. Calendars
Galaxy is a very large collections of stars that are held together by gravity. Galaxies are known also as the concentrations of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Galaxy
In 1936, Hubble debuted a way to classify galaxies, grouping them into four main types: spiral galaxies, lenticular galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and irregular galaxies. These galaxies span a wide range of sizes, from dwarf galaxies containing as few as 100 million stars to giant galaxies with more than a trillion stars. Galaxy
A spiral galaxy has a flat, spinning disk with a central bulge surrounded by spiral arms. Our Milky Way, like other spiral galaxies, has a linear, starry bar at its center. Examples: Milky Way, Andromeda, Pinwheel, Whirlpool, etc. Galaxy
Elliptical galaxies are shaped as their name suggests: They are generally round but can stretch longer along one axis than along the other, so much so that some take on a cigar- like appearance. Examples: Holmberg 15A, Maffei 1, Centaurus A, etc. Galaxy
Lenticular galaxies, such as the iconic Sombrero Galaxy, sit between elliptical and spiral galaxies. They're called “lenticular” because they resemble lenses. Examples: Copeland’s Septet, Sombrero, Cartwheel, Condor, etc. Galaxy
Galaxies that are not spiral, lenticular, or elliptical are called irregular galaxies. Examples: Large Magellanic Cloud, the Small Magellanic Cloud, etc. Galaxy
Galaxies
Constellations are group of stars that appear to be close together, fixed in their positions and form certain patterns. As the Earth rotates, the constellations seem to be moved also. Many constellations are named after mythological characters, people, animals and objects in various parts of the world. Constellation - Stars
 Stars and constellations have served many purposes, they are used for: 1. Locate objects in the sky; 2. Locate directions; and 3. Entertain people. Constellation - Stars
 Locate objects in the sky. Astronomers divided the sky into 88 imaginary pieces or areas that explain each constellation. So, if they wish to find a star or any celestial body, they can just put the object in for examples in Ursa Major piece or area. Constellation - Stars
Map of the constellations
 Locate directions on the Earth. Long time ago, when there is no GPS, sailors and travelers used the stars for giving them direction.  The reason the North Star is so important for natural navigation is that it sits directly over the North Pole. Something that people often forget is that whenever you are trying to find true north, you are actually trying to find the direction of the North Pole from wherever you.  The constellation, Cassiopeia, is also very helpful in finding the North Star as it will always be on the opposite side of the North Star. Constellation - Stars
Solarsystem3.pptx
 Entertain people. Many cultures around the world have their own stories about stars constellations. They created stories to told about the stars constellation. Such as Orion the hunter with its two dogs, Taurus the bull, and many more. Let’s read the story of Aquarius, the water bearer of gods. Constellation - Stars
Aquarius – The Water Bearer The name most often associated with the constellation Aquarius is that of Ganymede, son of Tros, King of Troy. Ganymede was an extremely handsome young man, the most handsome the gods and goddesses had ever seen. While attending to his father’s flocks on Mount Ida, Ganymede caught the attention of Zeus. Zeus sent his messenger eagle, Aquila, down to earth with instructions to bring Ganymede back up to Mount Olympus. On Mount Olympus, Ganymede served the gods by bringing them water whenever they needed it. He also served as cup bearer to Zeus. He was honored for his service by Zeus, who placed a constellation called Aquarius, which means water carrier, among the stars.
Solarsystem3.pptx
Constellations - Stars
Solarsystem3.pptx

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Solarsystem3.pptx

  • 2. A star is an object in space that gives out its own light and consists of gases held together by its own gravity. Star is formed from clouds of gases and dust, which contract and collapse towards the center of the star. The gases are mostly Hydrogen and Helium. What is star?
  • 3.  Scientists classify stars by temperature and the elements they absorb, which are called their spectra. They have divided stars into seven main types.  There are seven main types of stars: O, B, A, F, G, K and M. The O stars are the bright, hot, blue stars and the M stars are the dimmer, cooler, red stars  O stars are blue  B stars are blue-white  A stars are white  F stars are yellow-white  G stars are yellow  K stars are orange  M stars are red Classifying stars
  • 4.  There are some famous stars apart from our Sun. Can you find their information to enrich your knowledge… Betelgeuse, Sirius, Vega, Polaris, Antares, Rigel, Pleiades, Alpha Carinae… Can you find out these stars information?
  • 7. Our Sun’ s hydrogen fuel will run out one day. It will form a small, cool glowing star called white dwarf. Later on, this will slowly fade away and stop glowing, forming a black dwarf or dead star. Since our Sun is in group G or yellow dwarf star so it will not become black hole. Sun is 4,5 billion years old and it will become black dwarf in another 5 billion years. Star’s life cycle
  • 9. There are three main structures that made up our Sun. 1. Atmosphere; It is made up of Corona and Chromosphere. These areas are having few million degree Celcius. 2. Photosphere; It has two parts called sunspots and solar flares. These areas are having 5500°C, colder than core and atmosphere. Sun’s diagram
  • 10. 3. Core; the hottest part with 15.000.000°C and also where the radiation and magnetic force are the strongest. Here the nuclear fusion happened and releasing huge energy that can be received by the Earth and other planets. Sun’s diagram
  • 11.  Others stars also have all of our Sun’s characteristics, yet they cannot be seen during the day time, since, the light from our sun faded the others stars’ light. The distance of these stars are in __light year. 1 light year is the distance that light can travel in one year. It has a value of 9.46 x 10 metres. Stars that are nearer to the Earth appear bigger while stars that are further away, appear smaller. Charateristics of other stars. 15
  • 12. Actually these are stars. They are shinning all the time. However, we cannot see them because of the light from the Sun.
  • 13. The Sun and the Moon play important part in our lives. They are used to calculate the duration of one year. Christian or Gregorian calendar or known as Tahun Masehi or Syamsiah. Use, mostly by people around the world. The year is divided by 12 months. Using the Earth that revolves the Sun. It is revolving the Sun in 365 days or 366 days. Calendars
  • 14. Christian or Gregorian calendar. The year that has 366 days is called LEAP year, it is happened when 1 day is added in February every 4 years. The Christian calendar is a solar calendar based on the revolution of the Earth around the Sun. Calendars
  • 15. The Sun and the Moon play important part in our lives. They are used to calculate the duration of one year. Muslim Calendar or known as Tahun Hijriah or Komariah. Use, mostly by many Muslim countries, such as Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, etc. The year is divided by 12 months. Using the Moon that revolves the Earth. It is revolving the Earth in 354 days. Calendars
  • 16. Muslim calendar. The Muslim calendar is a lunar calendar based on the revolution of the Moon around the Earth. Calendars
  • 17. Chinese and Hindu calendars. Chinese calendar starts with the new moon every month. A common year has 12 months and a leap year has 13 months; and an ordinary year has 353–355 days while a leap year has 383–385 days. Hindu calendar starts with the full moon every month. Calendars
  • 18. Galaxy is a very large collections of stars that are held together by gravity. Galaxies are known also as the concentrations of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Galaxy
  • 19. In 1936, Hubble debuted a way to classify galaxies, grouping them into four main types: spiral galaxies, lenticular galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and irregular galaxies. These galaxies span a wide range of sizes, from dwarf galaxies containing as few as 100 million stars to giant galaxies with more than a trillion stars. Galaxy
  • 20. A spiral galaxy has a flat, spinning disk with a central bulge surrounded by spiral arms. Our Milky Way, like other spiral galaxies, has a linear, starry bar at its center. Examples: Milky Way, Andromeda, Pinwheel, Whirlpool, etc. Galaxy
  • 21. Elliptical galaxies are shaped as their name suggests: They are generally round but can stretch longer along one axis than along the other, so much so that some take on a cigar- like appearance. Examples: Holmberg 15A, Maffei 1, Centaurus A, etc. Galaxy
  • 22. Lenticular galaxies, such as the iconic Sombrero Galaxy, sit between elliptical and spiral galaxies. They're called “lenticular” because they resemble lenses. Examples: Copeland’s Septet, Sombrero, Cartwheel, Condor, etc. Galaxy
  • 23. Galaxies that are not spiral, lenticular, or elliptical are called irregular galaxies. Examples: Large Magellanic Cloud, the Small Magellanic Cloud, etc. Galaxy
  • 25. Constellations are group of stars that appear to be close together, fixed in their positions and form certain patterns. As the Earth rotates, the constellations seem to be moved also. Many constellations are named after mythological characters, people, animals and objects in various parts of the world. Constellation - Stars
  • 26.  Stars and constellations have served many purposes, they are used for: 1. Locate objects in the sky; 2. Locate directions; and 3. Entertain people. Constellation - Stars
  • 27.  Locate objects in the sky. Astronomers divided the sky into 88 imaginary pieces or areas that explain each constellation. So, if they wish to find a star or any celestial body, they can just put the object in for examples in Ursa Major piece or area. Constellation - Stars
  • 29.  Locate directions on the Earth. Long time ago, when there is no GPS, sailors and travelers used the stars for giving them direction.  The reason the North Star is so important for natural navigation is that it sits directly over the North Pole. Something that people often forget is that whenever you are trying to find true north, you are actually trying to find the direction of the North Pole from wherever you.  The constellation, Cassiopeia, is also very helpful in finding the North Star as it will always be on the opposite side of the North Star. Constellation - Stars
  • 31.  Entertain people. Many cultures around the world have their own stories about stars constellations. They created stories to told about the stars constellation. Such as Orion the hunter with its two dogs, Taurus the bull, and many more. Let’s read the story of Aquarius, the water bearer of gods. Constellation - Stars
  • 32. Aquarius – The Water Bearer The name most often associated with the constellation Aquarius is that of Ganymede, son of Tros, King of Troy. Ganymede was an extremely handsome young man, the most handsome the gods and goddesses had ever seen. While attending to his father’s flocks on Mount Ida, Ganymede caught the attention of Zeus. Zeus sent his messenger eagle, Aquila, down to earth with instructions to bring Ganymede back up to Mount Olympus. On Mount Olympus, Ganymede served the gods by bringing them water whenever they needed it. He also served as cup bearer to Zeus. He was honored for his service by Zeus, who placed a constellation called Aquarius, which means water carrier, among the stars.