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Solubility

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Ninth Grade

Solubility is defined as the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a specific amount of solvent, usually expressed as grams of solute per 100 grams of solvent. Unsaturated solutions contain less than the maximum amount of solute and can dissolve more, while saturated solutions contain the maximum amount of solute with some remaining undissolved at the bottom of the container. The solubility of most solids increases with increasing temperature, while the solubility of gases decreases with increasing temperature.

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Solubility General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 1
Solubility Solubility is  the maximum amount of solute that dissolves in a specific amount of solvent  expressed as grams of solute in 100 grams of solvent (usually water): g of solute 100 g water General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 2
Unsaturated Solutions Unsaturated solutions  contain less than the maximum amount of solute  can dissolve more solute Dissolved solute General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 3
Saturated Solutions Saturated solutions contain  the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve  some undissolved solute at the bottom of the container Dissolved solute Undissolved solute General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 4
Learning Check At 40 °C, the solubility of KBr is 80 g/100 g of H2O. Identify the following solutions as either (S) saturated or (U) unsaturated. Explain. A. 60 g KBr added to 100 g of water at 40 °C. B. 200 g KBr added to 200 g of water at 40 °C. C. 25 g KBr added to 50 g of water at 40 °C. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 5
Solution A. U 60 g of KBr/100 g of water is less than the solubility of 80 g of KBr/100 g of water. B. S 200 g KBr added to 200 g of water at 40 °C. This is the same as 100 g of KBr in 100 g of water, which is more than the solubility of 80 g of KBr/100 g of water at 40 °C. C. U 25 g KBr added to 50 g of water at 40 °C. This is the same as 50 g of KBr in 100 g of water, which is less than the solubility of 80 g of KBr/100 g of water at 40 °C. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 6
Effect of Temperature on Solubility Solubility  depends on temperature  of most solids increases as temperature increases  of gases decreases as temperature increases General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 7

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Solubility

  • 1. Solubility General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 1
  • 2. Solubility Solubility is  the maximum amount of solute that dissolves in a specific amount of solvent  expressed as grams of solute in 100 grams of solvent (usually water): g of solute 100 g water General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 2
  • 3. Unsaturated Solutions Unsaturated solutions  contain less than the maximum amount of solute  can dissolve more solute Dissolved solute General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 3
  • 4. Saturated Solutions Saturated solutions contain  the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve  some undissolved solute at the bottom of the container Dissolved solute Undissolved solute General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 4
  • 5. Learning Check At 40 °C, the solubility of KBr is 80 g/100 g of H2O. Identify the following solutions as either (S) saturated or (U) unsaturated. Explain. A. 60 g KBr added to 100 g of water at 40 °C. B. 200 g KBr added to 200 g of water at 40 °C. C. 25 g KBr added to 50 g of water at 40 °C. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 5
  • 6. Solution A. U 60 g of KBr/100 g of water is less than the solubility of 80 g of KBr/100 g of water. B. S 200 g KBr added to 200 g of water at 40 °C. This is the same as 100 g of KBr in 100 g of water, which is more than the solubility of 80 g of KBr/100 g of water at 40 °C. C. U 25 g KBr added to 50 g of water at 40 °C. This is the same as 50 g of KBr in 100 g of water, which is less than the solubility of 80 g of KBr/100 g of water at 40 °C. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 6
  • 7. Effect of Temperature on Solubility Solubility  depends on temperature  of most solids increases as temperature increases  of gases decreases as temperature increases General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 7