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Sports for disabled

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Dr Nishank Verma
Dr Nishank Verma

This document discusses sports for disabled individuals. It begins by defining disability and explaining that disability is a complex phenomenon resulting from both physical impairments and societal barriers. It then describes disabled sports, including both adapted versions of existing sports and sports created specifically for those with disabilities. The bulk of the document lists and describes various team sports, individual sports, and track and field events adapted for those who are physically disabled, blind, deaf, or intellectually disabled. It concludes by mentioning some international and Indian organizations that promote and govern disabled sports.

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SPORTS FOR DISABLED Dr. Nishank Verma (PT) M.P.T-Sports Medicine Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi, India
DISABILITY • Disability is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. An impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations. • Disability is thus not just a health problem. It is a complex phenomenon, reflecting the interaction between features of a person’s body and features of the society in which he or she lives. Overcoming the difficulties faced by people with disabilities requires interventions to remove environmental and social barriers. • People with disabilities have the same health needs as non-disabled people – for immunization, cancer screening etc. They also may experience a narrower margin of health, both because of poverty and social exclusion, and also because they may be vulnerable to secondary conditions, such as pressure sores or urinary tract infections. Evidence suggests that people with disabilities face barriers in accessing the health and rehabilitation services they need in many settings.
DISABLED SPORTS • Disabled sports, also adaptive sports or parasports, are sports played by persons with a disability, including physical and intellectual disabilities. As many disabled sports are based on existing able bodied sports, modified to meet the needs of persons with a disability, they are sometimes referred to as adapted sports. • However, not all disabled sports are adapted; several sports that have been specifically created for persons with a disability have no equivalent in non- disabled sports. Disability exists in four categories: physical, mental, permanent and temporary.
Sports for disabled
TEAM SPORTS FOR THE PHYSICALLY DISABLED • Wheelchair Basketball - basically regular basketball played on a wheelchair. • Wheelchair Rugby - a full contact indoor team sport conducted for players with disabilities. • Wheelchair Rugby League - a version of rugby league football but played using a wheelchair. • Wheelchair Tennis — a version of lawn tennis for those who have lower body disabilities. • Wheelchair Curling — a variation of curling in which athletes with a disability affecting their lower limbs use wheelchair to play the sport. • Wheelchair Dancing — all of the participants of a team perform dance routines while riding on a wheelchair. • Powerchair Football - indoor football for people in wheelchairs. • Power Hockey - ice hockey played on an electric wheelchair. • Sledge Hockey - ice hockey on double-blade sledges for people with physical disabilities on the lower body. • Paralympic Football - the adaptation of association football for disabled athletes. • Sitting Volleyball - also known as sitting volleyball is for disabled athletes
Sports for disabled
TEAM SPORTS FOR THE BLIND • Goalball - a paralympic sport for blind athletes using a ball with bells. • Torball - a team sport for the visually impaired with an inflated ball with bells inside. The aim is to throw the ball through the opponent´s goal line. • Blind Cricket - a modified version of cricket with a larger ball with bells inside which is designed to be played by blind athletes. • Showdown — a game for blind and visually impaired people similar to air hockey.
TEAM SPORTS FOR THE DEAF • Deaf Basketball - basketball which is played by the hearing imparied. Players use sign language to communicate with each other including the refs.
TRACK AND FIELD EVENTS FOR THE DISABLED • Club Throw — a track and field disabled sports event, the objective is to throw a wooden club as far as possible. • Softball Throw — a track and field discipline in which you throw the ball as far as possible, mostly used in competitions for disadvantaged groups as a substitute for other technical throwing events. • Racerunning — a track and field racing sport for disabled athletes, in which they use a specially designed tricycle. • Wheelchair Racing - a type of racing in which athletes with physical disabilities compete with the help of a wheelchair.
INDIVIDUAL SPORTS FOR THE DISABLED • Wheelchair Fencing — a version of fencing in which disabled athletes fight with thin swords while sitting in wheelchairs which are tightly fastened to the floor. • Paratriathlon — involves a 750 m swim, a 20 km bike with handcycles, bicycles or tandems with a guide, and a 5 km wheelchair or running race. • Para-Cycling — cycle racing events using adaptations for disabled athletes, such as tandem bikes and hand-cycling. • Para-Climbing — Sport Climbing for disabled athletes • Boccia - a ball sport similar to bocce, bowls, and pentanque for athletes with physical disabilities.
Sports for disabled
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF SPORTS FOR THE DISABLED • International Organisations of Sports for the Disabled (IOSDs) are independent organisations recognised by the IPC as the sole representatives of a specific impairment group. • The IPC currently recognises four IOSDs: • Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA) • International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) • International Sports Federation for Persons with an Intellectual Disability (INAS) • International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS). • IOSDs work in conjunction with the IPC to provide specific expertise to develop sport for athletes with an impairment from the grassroots level to the elite level. They act as the governing body for some of the impairment specific sports that are a part of the Paralympic Games programme.
ORGANIZATIONS PROMOTING SPORTS FOR DISABLED IN INDIA • National Paralympics Committee of India or PCI • Indian Blind Sports Association • The FESPIC Games or the Far East and South Pacific Games for the Disabled • Asian Paralympic Committee (APC)
Sports for disabled
INDIA AT THE PARALYMPICS • India made its Summer Paralympic début at the 1968 Games, competed again in 1972, and then was absent until the 1984 Games. The country has participated in every edition of the Summer Games since then. It has never participated in the Winter Paralympic Games.[1] • In 1972 at the Heidelberg Games, Murlikant Petkar swam the 50 meter freestyle in a world record time of 37.331 seconds to give India her first ever Gold. India finished 24th out of the 42 participating nations. In 1984, Joginder Singh Bedi won silver at the Men's Shot Put and followed it up with a pair of bronze winning performances in the Discus and Javelin throws. Another Indian, Bhimrao Kesarkar, won the silver medal in the Javelin. India finished 37th out of the 54 participating nations. • India continued to participate in each Paralympic Games thereafter, but failed to make an impact till the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens when Devendra Jhajharia,[3] Javelin thrower, won gold and Rajinder Singh won bronze for powerlifting in the 56-kg category. India finished 53rd out of the 136 nation field.[1] H. N. Girisha, an Indian athlete born with a disability in the left leg, won the silver medal in the 2012 Paralympic games held in London in the men's high jump F-42 category.
Sports for disabled
Sports for disabled
Sports for disabled
Sports for disabled
Top 4 physically challenged athletes Im Dong-Hyun The Blade Runner – Oscar Pistorius Natalie du Toit Natalia Partyka
Famous Indian Athletes with disability
THANK YOU…..!

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Sports for disabled

  • 1. SPORTS FOR DISABLED Dr. Nishank Verma (PT) M.P.T-Sports Medicine Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi, India
  • 2. DISABILITY • Disability is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. An impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations. • Disability is thus not just a health problem. It is a complex phenomenon, reflecting the interaction between features of a person’s body and features of the society in which he or she lives. Overcoming the difficulties faced by people with disabilities requires interventions to remove environmental and social barriers. • People with disabilities have the same health needs as non-disabled people – for immunization, cancer screening etc. They also may experience a narrower margin of health, both because of poverty and social exclusion, and also because they may be vulnerable to secondary conditions, such as pressure sores or urinary tract infections. Evidence suggests that people with disabilities face barriers in accessing the health and rehabilitation services they need in many settings.
  • 3. DISABLED SPORTS • Disabled sports, also adaptive sports or parasports, are sports played by persons with a disability, including physical and intellectual disabilities. As many disabled sports are based on existing able bodied sports, modified to meet the needs of persons with a disability, they are sometimes referred to as adapted sports. • However, not all disabled sports are adapted; several sports that have been specifically created for persons with a disability have no equivalent in non- disabled sports. Disability exists in four categories: physical, mental, permanent and temporary.
  • 5. TEAM SPORTS FOR THE PHYSICALLY DISABLED • Wheelchair Basketball - basically regular basketball played on a wheelchair. • Wheelchair Rugby - a full contact indoor team sport conducted for players with disabilities. • Wheelchair Rugby League - a version of rugby league football but played using a wheelchair. • Wheelchair Tennis — a version of lawn tennis for those who have lower body disabilities. • Wheelchair Curling — a variation of curling in which athletes with a disability affecting their lower limbs use wheelchair to play the sport. • Wheelchair Dancing — all of the participants of a team perform dance routines while riding on a wheelchair. • Powerchair Football - indoor football for people in wheelchairs. • Power Hockey - ice hockey played on an electric wheelchair. • Sledge Hockey - ice hockey on double-blade sledges for people with physical disabilities on the lower body. • Paralympic Football - the adaptation of association football for disabled athletes. • Sitting Volleyball - also known as sitting volleyball is for disabled athletes
  • 7. TEAM SPORTS FOR THE BLIND • Goalball - a paralympic sport for blind athletes using a ball with bells. • Torball - a team sport for the visually impaired with an inflated ball with bells inside. The aim is to throw the ball through the opponent´s goal line. • Blind Cricket - a modified version of cricket with a larger ball with bells inside which is designed to be played by blind athletes. • Showdown — a game for blind and visually impaired people similar to air hockey.
  • 8. TEAM SPORTS FOR THE DEAF • Deaf Basketball - basketball which is played by the hearing imparied. Players use sign language to communicate with each other including the refs.
  • 9. TRACK AND FIELD EVENTS FOR THE DISABLED • Club Throw — a track and field disabled sports event, the objective is to throw a wooden club as far as possible. • Softball Throw — a track and field discipline in which you throw the ball as far as possible, mostly used in competitions for disadvantaged groups as a substitute for other technical throwing events. • Racerunning — a track and field racing sport for disabled athletes, in which they use a specially designed tricycle. • Wheelchair Racing - a type of racing in which athletes with physical disabilities compete with the help of a wheelchair.
  • 10. INDIVIDUAL SPORTS FOR THE DISABLED • Wheelchair Fencing — a version of fencing in which disabled athletes fight with thin swords while sitting in wheelchairs which are tightly fastened to the floor. • Paratriathlon — involves a 750 m swim, a 20 km bike with handcycles, bicycles or tandems with a guide, and a 5 km wheelchair or running race. • Para-Cycling — cycle racing events using adaptations for disabled athletes, such as tandem bikes and hand-cycling. • Para-Climbing — Sport Climbing for disabled athletes • Boccia - a ball sport similar to bocce, bowls, and pentanque for athletes with physical disabilities.
  • 12. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF SPORTS FOR THE DISABLED • International Organisations of Sports for the Disabled (IOSDs) are independent organisations recognised by the IPC as the sole representatives of a specific impairment group. • The IPC currently recognises four IOSDs: • Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA) • International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) • International Sports Federation for Persons with an Intellectual Disability (INAS) • International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS). • IOSDs work in conjunction with the IPC to provide specific expertise to develop sport for athletes with an impairment from the grassroots level to the elite level. They act as the governing body for some of the impairment specific sports that are a part of the Paralympic Games programme.
  • 13. ORGANIZATIONS PROMOTING SPORTS FOR DISABLED IN INDIA • National Paralympics Committee of India or PCI • Indian Blind Sports Association • The FESPIC Games or the Far East and South Pacific Games for the Disabled • Asian Paralympic Committee (APC)
  • 15. INDIA AT THE PARALYMPICS • India made its Summer Paralympic début at the 1968 Games, competed again in 1972, and then was absent until the 1984 Games. The country has participated in every edition of the Summer Games since then. It has never participated in the Winter Paralympic Games.[1] • In 1972 at the Heidelberg Games, Murlikant Petkar swam the 50 meter freestyle in a world record time of 37.331 seconds to give India her first ever Gold. India finished 24th out of the 42 participating nations. In 1984, Joginder Singh Bedi won silver at the Men's Shot Put and followed it up with a pair of bronze winning performances in the Discus and Javelin throws. Another Indian, Bhimrao Kesarkar, won the silver medal in the Javelin. India finished 37th out of the 54 participating nations. • India continued to participate in each Paralympic Games thereafter, but failed to make an impact till the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens when Devendra Jhajharia,[3] Javelin thrower, won gold and Rajinder Singh won bronze for powerlifting in the 56-kg category. India finished 53rd out of the 136 nation field.[1] H. N. Girisha, an Indian athlete born with a disability in the left leg, won the silver medal in the 2012 Paralympic games held in London in the men's high jump F-42 category.
  • 20. Top 4 physically challenged athletes Im Dong-Hyun The Blade Runner – Oscar Pistorius Natalie du Toit Natalia Partyka