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CIAT is a CGIAR research center focused on reducing hunger and poverty in the tropics through agricultural research. It faces the challenges of feeding a growing population with less land and water and a changing climate. CIAT conducts research to increase crop productivity, improve natural resource management, and inform policies, with a focus on beans, cassava, rice and forages. It works across Africa, Asia, and Latin America to deliver impacts at scale through partnerships.
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- 2. Sustainable research partnerships for global food security Since 1967 / Science to cultivate change www.ciat.cgiar.org
- 3. Agriculture is back on the global agenda!
- 4. The greatest food security challenge ever in human history: How to feed a growing population with scarce land and water, a fast-changing climate, weak institutional arrangements and inadequate investment in agricultural research!
- 5. Long-term Growth in World Population 10 2010 6.8 billion 9 8 Billions Eve of Green Revolution 6 1880 1.5 billion 5 4 2 1 0 2150 9.75 billion 1960 3.02 billion 7 3 2050 8.9 billion 10,000 BC 1-10 million Population of China reaches 1.3b in July 2010 1930 2.07 billion Hybrid maize Invention of agriculture 10000 BC __ 1885 Source: Pardey (2011) and United Nations (n.d. and 2004) 1925 1965 2005 2045 2085
- 6. World Population: Population 2050 Source: Worldmapper 2009.
- 7. Food Insecurity and Undernutrition Remain Persistent 2011 Global Hunger Index GHI components: • Proportion of undernourished • Prevalence of underweight in children • Under-five mortality rate Prevalence of Micronutrient Deficiencies Deficiencies in: • Iron • Vitamin A • Zinc 20 countries have alarming or extremely alarming levels of hunger Source: von Grebmer et al. 2011 Source: HarvestPlus 2011 Shenggen Fan | December 2011
- 8. Hidden Hunger 2 billion+ affected Photo: C. Hotz
- 9. Food availability paradoxes 1.5 billion people suffer obesity worldwide while 1 billion are undernourished 30% of all food crops worldwide are food waste
- 10. Agricultural productivity growth is slowing in terms of yield growth Source: World Bank Development Report 2008 (developing countries only)
- 11. Yield Gaps Remain Enormous: e.g., China and India
- 12. Our ability to grow food is at risk Our Ability to Grow Food is at risk
- 13. Pest and Disease Impacts Impacts of whitefly in cassava by 2020
- 14. Length of Growing Season will Decline Drastically Length of growing period (%) To 2090, taking 18 Climate models Thornton et al. (2010) ILRI/CCAFS Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B >20% loss 5-20% loss No change 5-20% gain >20% gain
- 15. Coffee, Colombia A 2 °C increase equals a difference of 440 meters altitude and major shifts of crops to new areas
- 16. Global Public Agricultural R&D, 1960 and 2009 Other LAC 7% Brazil 3% SSA 9% MENA 3% USA 21% 1960 5.5 billion (2005 PPP$) 58% Other Asia&Pacific 5% India 2% China 13% Other High Income 37% 20% Other LAC Brazil 5% 5% Other Asia&Pacific 6% 2009 33.5 billion (2005 PPP$) India 6% 31% China 19% SSA MENA 6% 5% USA 13% 48% Other High Income 35%
- 17. Global agricultural R&D investment trends since 2000 SOURCE: Stads and Beintema (2010 )
- 18. Public agricultural research intensities Research intensity = research spending / value of output SOURCE: Pardey (2006)
- 19. Agricultural R&D can find the long-term solutions to the many agricultural and food related crises that we face today. But unless we find new and better ways to share data and genetic resources, improve our technology transfer and accelerate the sustainable intensification of the world’s productive lands, the same crises will continue to grow as world population expands. Dr. Catherine Woteki, USDA’s Chief Scientist and Under Secretary for Research, Education and Economics, September 10, 2013
- 21. CGIAR Consortium
- 22. What is the science potential ? • Life Science Revolution – molecular biology • Molecular markers for marker aided selection • Characterizing genetic diversity • Creating new gene pools • IT revolution – crop management, precision agriculture • Satellite information to predict crop growth • Cheap sensors from soil moisture to weather • Mobile phones for extension and market info • Holistic approach – ecological intensification • Landscape approach • Farming systems and livelihood strategies • Innovation Platforms and Value Chain focus
- 24. Forests and climate change Forest, Trees and Agroforestry WHY? Responds to a call for an urgent, strong and sustained effort focused on forest management and governance, given the crucial role of forests in confronting some of the most important challenges of our time: climate change, poverty, and food security EXPECTED IMPACT in 10 years: • 0.5–1.7 million hectares of forest saved annually from deforestation • 0.16–0.68 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions reduced per year = 29–123 million cars off the road annually • 3 million producers and traders and their families benefit from ecologically and socially sustainable production and management practices • Double income from forest and agroforestry products for target households
- 25. Reducing yield gaps and increasing resilience in rainfed landscapes Water, Land and Ecosystems THE CHALLENGE: How to lift millions of farming families out of poverty and improve how land and water resources are managed while maintaining vibrant ecosystems EXPECTED OUTCOMES by 2020 • 15 million smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa have sustained food security because yield gaps are reduced while maintaining ecosystem functions in rainfed landscapes • Enhance food security and household income for about 20 million rural people in the Eastern Gangetic Plains by improving access to irrigation
- 26. Improved nutrition – balanced diet Grain Legumes WHY? Legumes are the cheapest option to improve the nutrition of poor people who often rely on inexpensive but nutritionally-imbalanced starchy diets EXPECTED IMPACT in 10 years • 300 million people in smallholder farm households benefit from an average 20% increase in yields • USD 4.5 billion saved over the decade as cumulative benefits of increased food production and saved nitrogen fertilizer • Food supplies increased by 7.1 million tons and an additional 415,000 tons of atmospheric nitrogen fixed
- 27. A4NH Micronutrient Crops Cassava Provitamin A DR Congo, Nigeria Pearl Millet Iron (Zinc) India 2012 2011 Beans Iron (Zinc) DR Congo, Rwanda Rice Zinc Bangladesh, India 2013 2012 Wheat Zinc India, Pakistan Maize Provitamin A Zambia 2012 2013 2014-2018 Delivery-at-scale: 40 million people from 8 target countries
- 28. Climate-smart agriculture: Food security in a warmer and more extreme world
- 29. 1. Climate smart technologies, practices, and portfolios 2. Climate information services and climateinformed safety nets 4. Policies and institutions for climate-resilient food systems
- 31. CIAT’s Mission To reduce hunger and poverty, and improve human nutrition in the tropics through applied research aimed at increasing the eco-efficiency of agriculture Science for Impact
- 32. CIAT: A partner in global research for a food secure future • Founded in 1967, is one of the 4 Centers that started the CGIAR • Operates from Kenya, Vietnam, and Colombia (HQ) • 400 professional staff, 200 scientists working across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Annual budget US$100M
- 33. CIAT: Improving agriculture and changing lives across the tropics since 1967 Cali, Since the 1960s, with a current focus on Central America, Colombia, and the Amazon Since the 1980s, with activities now in 11 African countries Since the 1980s, with activities now in China, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Thailand
- 34. Creating Quick Wins CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) Crafting the Crops of the Future Efforts intensify to decode cassava “alphabet soup” Value Chain Reactions Four-legged futures – Turning Vietnam’s cash cows into productive assets Results in the Ground Quesungual – Remember the name and not just for Scrabble Africa in the forefront of soils research Climate Change Exposés Tortillas on the roaster Eye in the sky – Terra-i keeps track of deforestation Colombia and CIAT – Partnering with a Purpose Ecosystem signposts in Orinoquia Biopacific Park – Toward a culture of competitive strength “Rambo root” could beat climate change in sub-Saharan Africa Hybrid rice for Latin America Regional action to strengthen biosafety Agricultural transformation in Ethiopia and beyond Partnership platforms Connecting with Colombia’s scientific diaspora Better crops, better nutrition
- 35. Focus of CIAT’s R4D Productivity • • • • • Natural Resources Bean Tropical Forages Cassava Rice Genetic Resources • • • • Soil Health Soil & Ecosystem Assessment Soil & Land Information Agronomy & Agriculture Policy • Climate Change • Ecosystem Services • Linking Farmers to Markets
- 36. CIAT is a unique agent of change for global food security, making significant contributions to productivity, natural resource management and policies for smallholder farming systems across the tropics Research in food security: • Global view of productivity and sustainability issues and proven capacity to deliver large research impacts • Innovation lab for strategic results oriented research initiatives Service to agricultural innovation: • Convening capacity of extensive multidisciplinary networks in LAC, SSA, and SEA to drive solutions to scale • Ability to diagnose regional challenges across the globe
- 37. CIAT would like to significantly scale up ongoing research partnerships with top Agricultural Universities and the Private Sector
- 38. Expanding CIAT’s Role in Incubating Agricultural Technology Biopacific Park (Colombia) • To promote new bioscience marketing opportunities • Close to 80 current research lines connected to agribusiness • Around 1,400 professionals (400 PhD)
- 39. Potential themes for collaboration KU & CIAT • Natural Resource Management • Ecosystem Services • Sustainable Food Systems
- 40. How to implement KU & CIAT partnerships • PhD students could link their thesis work to our ongoing programs • PostDocs could be part of a research program • Professors (sabbaticals) could be part of CIAT and CGIAR research • CIAT senior researchers could spend research time at KU • We could jointly mobilize resources to fund such activities!
- 41. CIAT: Science to cultivate change Follow us: Website: www.ciat.cgiar.org Blog: www.ciatnews.cgiar.org/en/ http://twitter.com/ciat_ http://www.facebook.com/ciat.ecoefficient