Surveying1

Code No: A109210104/R09
II B.Tech. I Semester Examinations
May/June - 2012
SURVEYING
( Civil Engineering )
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
(b) A 30 m chain was found to be 3 cm too long after chaining 1800 m. It was 9 cm too long at the end of day’s work
after chaining a total distance of 3000 m. If the chain was correct before commencement of the work, find the
(b) In levelling between two points P and Q, a level was set upon the line PQ, 60 m from P and 1280 m from Q. The
readings obtained on staff kept at P and Q were respectively 0.545 m and 3.920 m. Find the true difference in
4. The following table gives the corrected latitudes and departures of the sides of the closed traverse ABCD. Compute
its area by,
(a) Coordinates method and
(b) DMD method. [15]
Side Latitude (m) Departure (m)
AB +108 +4
BC +15 +249
CD –123 +4
DA 0 –257
5. (a) Describe the procedure for the traversing by deflection angles.
(b) The table below gives the lengths and bearings of the lines of a traverse ABCDEA, the length and bearing of
EA having been omitted. Calculate the length and bearing of the line EA. [5+10]
Line Length (m) Bearing
AB 205 85°
BC 226 21°
CD 186 280°
DE 193 210°
EA ? ?
Se t - 1
elevation between P and Q by applying curvature and refraction corrections. [6+9]
3. (a) Describe the characteristics of contours with the help of sketches.
true distance. [6+9]
2. (a) What is local attraction? How is it detected and eliminated?
(b) Describe the classification of surveying based on the purpose. [5+10]
1. (a) Describe the principles of surveying.

(b) To determine the distance between two stations A and B, a tachometer was set up at a point P on the line AB
and the following observations were made,
(i) When the staff was held at A
Staff readings = 2.225, 2.605, 2.985
Vertical angle = +9°
(ii) When the staff was held at B
Staff readings = 1.640, 1.920, 2.200
Vertical angle = –2°
(b) Two tangents intersect at chainage 1192 m, the deflection angle being 50° 30'. Calculate the necessary data for
setting out a curve of 15 chains radius to connect the two tangents. Take peg interval equal to 20 m, the length
of the chain being equal to 20 m. Calculate the necessary data for setting out the curve by Rankine’s method of
6. (a) What is tachometric surveying? What is the utility of an analatic lens in a tachometer?
7. (a) Describe in brief the elements of simple curve.
Also determine the R.L. of B if the R.L. of A is 585.685 m (K = 100.00 and c = 0.00). [4+11]
tangential angles. [4+11]
8. (a) Differentiate between total station and electronic theodolite.
(b) Explain about geographic information system. What are its uses? [5+10]

Code No: A109210104/R09
May/June - 2012
SURVEYING
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2. (a) What is a well conditional triangle? Why is it necessary to use well conditioned triangles in chain surveying?
(b) During a survey, a line was measured with a steel tape which was exactly 30 metres at 20°C at a pull of 100 N, the
measured length being 1500 metres. The temperature during measurement was 30°C and the pull applied was
150 N. The cross-sectional area of the tape was 0.025 sq.cm. The co-efficient of expansion of the material of the
tape per 1°C = 3.5 × 10–6
and the modulus of elasticity of the material if the tape= 2.1 × 105
N/mm2
. Find the length
3. (a) Describe the ‘height of instrument” and “rise and fall” methods of computing the levels. Discuss the merits and
(b) The following staff reading were observed successively with a level, the instrument having been moved after
third, sixth and eighth readings, 2.350, 1.565, 0.850, 2.150, 2.760, 1.375, 0.675, 1.880, 1.045, 2.685 m. Enter the
above readings in a page of a level book and calculate the RL of points using Height of Instrument methods,
4. A railway embankment 400 m long is 10 m wide at the formation level and has side slope 2 to 1. The ground levels at
every 100 m along the centre line are as under,
Distance (m) 0 100 200 300 400
R.L.(m) 205.6 207.5 208.4 208.7 209.2
The formation level at zero chainage is 208.00 and the embankment has a rising gradient of 1 in 100. The ground is
(b) To find the elevation of the top (Q) of a hill, a flag-staff of 3 m height was erected and observations were made
from two stations P and R, 70 m apart. The horizontal angle measured at P between R and the top of the flag-
staff was 60° and the angle measured at R between the top of flag-staff and P was 68°. The angle of elevation
to the top of the flag-staff was measured to be 9° at P. The angle of elevation to the top of the flag-staff was
measured to be 10° at R. Staff readings on B.M when the instrument was at P is equal to 1.965 m and that with
the instrument at R equal to 2.055 m. Calculate the elevation of the top of the hill if that of B.M was 585.065 m.
Se t - 2
1. (a) Differentiate between plane surveying and geodetic surveying.
(b) Describe the classification of surveying based on the nature of field. [5+10]
of the line after applying corrections. [3+12]
demerits of each.
if the first reading was taken with a staff held on benchmark of 540.500 m. [6+9]
level across the centre line. Calculate the volume of earth work. [15]
5. (a) Explain the temporary adjustments of a theodolite.
[3+12]

(b) Determine the distance between the points P and Q from the following data,
R.L. of tachometer axis at P = 585.300 m
Vertical angle at P = –4° 35'
Staff readings at Q = 1.440, 0.900, 0.360
Also determine the R.L of Q. The staff at Q was held vertical and k = 100 and c = 0.00. [5+10]
(b) Determine the radial offsets to be set out at chain interval along the tangents, to locate a 16 chains radius curve
6. (a) Differentiate between the fixed hair method and movable hair method.
the length of each chain being 20 m. [7+8]
7. (a) Explain the procedure for setting out simple circular curve with a tape and a theodolite.
8. (a) Describe global positioning system.
(b) Describe about GIS and state its applications. [6+9]

Code No: A109210104/R09
May/June - 2012
SURVEYING
- - -
2. (a) State different types of chains commonly used in surveying and give specifications of these chains.
(b) A closed compass traverse PQRS was conducted with a prismatic compass at a place where local attraction
was suspected and the bearings observed as shown below,
Line Fore bearing Back bearing
PQ 124°30' 304°30'
QR 68°15' 246°00'
RS 310°30' 135°15'
SP 200°15' 17°45'
3. The following readings have been taken from the page of an old level book. Reconstruct the page. Fill up the missing
Stations B.S I.S F.S Rise Fall R.L Remarks
1. 3.125 X B.M
2. X X 1.325 325.005 –
3. 2.320 0.055
4. X 1325.350
5. X 2.655 –
6. 1.620 3.205 2.165 –
7. 3.625
8. X 322.590 B.M
4. The areas within the contour line at the site of reservoir and the face of the proposed dam are as follows,
26024020014090151031Area
(hectares)
309308307306305304303302301Contour
26024020014090151031Area
(hectares)
309308307306305304303302301Contour
Se t - 3
1. (a) State the main principle and objectives of surveying.
(b) Classify the surveying based on the instruments used. [5+10]
At what stations do you suspect local attraction? Find the corrected bearings of the lines. [4+11]
quantities and apply the usual checks. [15]

Taking 301 as the bottom level of the reservoir and 309 as the top level, calculate the capacity of the reservoir using,
(a) Trapezoidal formula and
(b) A closed traverse was conducted round an obstacle and the following observations were made. Determine the
Side Length(m) Azimuth
AB 500 90°
BC 630 30°
CD 470 230°
DE ? 230°
EA ? 150°
(b) Determine the gradient from a point A to a point B from the following observations made with a tacheometer
Instrument Staff Bearing Vertical Staff readings
station station angle
P A 134° +10° 1.360,1.915,2.470
B 224° +6° 1.065,1.885,2.705
(b) The chainage of the intersection of two straights having the deflection angle of 50° is 1680.50 m. If the radius
of the curve is 450 m, calculate the following,
(i) Tangent distance
(ii) Length of the curve
(iii) Chainages of PC and PT
(b) What is global position system? State its advantages over other surveying methods. [8+7]
length of the other two sides. [4 + 11]
5. (a) Describe about the electronic theodolite.
(b) Prismoidal formula. [15]
6. (a) What is tachometry? Describe its uses.
fitted with anallatical lens and staff held vertical. [3+12]
7. (a) Describe the method of setting out circular curves by offsets from chord produced.
(iv) Length of the long chord. [7+8]
8. (a) Describe about geodetic surveying and state its significance.

Code No: A109210104/R09
May/June - 2012
SURVEYING
- - -
2. (a) What are the limitations of chain surveying? Explain briefly the situations where it can be suitably employed.
(b) A closed compass traverse ABCD was conducted round a lake and the following bearings were obtained.
Determine the stations effected from local attraction and obtain correct bearings. The bearings of the side of a
closed traverse ABCDEA are as follows, [4+11]
Side F.B B.B
AB 207°15 26°15
BC 22°00 202°00
CD 281°30 102°00
DE 182°15 1°15
EA 124°45 305°15
3. (a) Discuss the effect of curvature and refraction in levelling. Find correction due to each and the combined
correction.
(b) The following staff readings were observed successively with a level, the instrumnet having been moved after
third, sixth and eighth readings,
1.850,2.565,0.750,2.760,1.315,0.675,1.820,1.345,2.605m.
Enter the above readings in a page of a level book and calculate the RL of points using rise and fall method, if
4. A series of offsets were taken from a chain line to a curved boundary line at interval of 15m in the following order.
1.55,2.85,3.60,4.10,4.95,4.20,5.45,6.35m.
Compute the area between the chain line, the curved boundary and the end offsets by,
(a) Average ordinate rule
(b) Trapezoidal rule and
(c) Simpson’s rule. [15]
Se t - 4
1. (a) What is geodetic surveying and state its significance?
(b) Describe the calssification of surveyinf based on the method employed.[5+10]
the first reading was taken with a staff held on a Benchmark of 540.500 m. [6+9]

(b) To determine the elevation of the top of the flag-staff, the following observations were made,
Inst. Station Reading on B.M. Angle of Remarks
elevation
A 1.275 10° R.L.of
B 1.075 7° B.M. = 538.365
Station A and B and the top of the flag-staff are in the same vertical plane. Find the elevation of the top of the flag-
(b) Two observations are taken upon a vertical staff by means of a Theodolite. For the first line of sight, telescope
is directed to give a staff reading of 0.880 m and an angle of elevation of 4°. In the second case, the staff reasing
is 3.340 m and the angle of elevation is 6°. If the elevation of trunnion axis of the instruments is 395.60 m,
compute the R.L. of the staff station and its horizontal distance from the instrument. [ 6+9]
(b) Two straight roads meet at an angle of 130°. Calculate the necessary data for setting out a circular curve of 15
chains radius between the roads, by perpendicular offsets method. The length of one chain is 20 m.
staff, if the distance between A and B is 50 m. [3+12]
5. (a) State the errors that are elimiated by repetition method.
6. (a) Explain different systems of tacheometry and discuss their relative merits.
7. (a) Draw a neat sketch of a circular curve and show its various elements thereon.
[7+8]
8. (a) Describe about the electronic distance -meter. What are the corrections to be applied?
(b) Describe the various stages in geographical information system. State its uses. [7+8]

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