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Temporary works

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Aditya Mistry

The document discusses various types of temporary works used in construction including timbering trenches, scaffolding, shoring, and underpinning. It describes 5 common methods for timbering trenches - stay bracing, box sheeting, vertical sheeting, runners system, and sheet piling. It also outlines different types of scaffolding such as single, double, needle, trestle, and suspended scaffolding. The document defines shoring and lists 3 types - raking, flying, and dead shores. Finally, it explains underpinning and the two methods used - the pit method and pile method.

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Temporary works
Subject:- Building Construction Subject Code:- 2130607 Guided By:- Prof. Nilesh Rathod Name Enrollment No:- Gandhi Harshil R. 141100106018 Deshmukh Bhavik H. 15DTOD002 Kotila Jayveer V. 15DTOD007 Mistry Aditya P. 15DTOD008 Pandya Dhrumil D. 15DTOD009 Gain Yogesh 15DTOD004
-:Topic:- Temporary Works
Content:- Introduction Timbering Trenches Scaffolding Shoring Underpinning
What are temporary works? Any temporary Construction necessary to assist the execution of the permanent works and which will be removed (sometimes not) from the site on completion. Examples:- • Scaffolding • Timbering in trenches • Shoring • Underpinning
Timbering in Trenches • When the depth of trench is large or when the sub- soil is loose ,the sides of trench may cave in. • The problem can by adopting a suitable method of timbering • Timber of trenches ,sometime also known as ‘shoring’ consists of providing timber planks or boards and struts to give temporary support to the sides of the trench.
Various methods of timbering:-  Stay bracing  Box sheeting  Vertical sheeting  Runners system  Sheet piling
1. Stay bracing When the trench soil is firm and the depth of excavation does not exceed 2.0 meters, this method is used for supporting the sides of a trench.
2. Box Sheeting This Method is used when excavation is to be carried out in loose soil and when the depth of excavation does not exceed 4 meters.
3. Vertical Sheeting This method is adopted for deep trenches (up to 10 m depth) in soft ground. This method is similar to box sheeting except that the the excavation is carried out in stages and at the end of each stage an offset is provided.
4. Runners In case of extremely loose and soft ground runner system is provided. The system is similar to Vertical sheeting. Except that in place of vertical sheeting runners are provided.
5. Sheet piling Sheet piles are designed to resist lateral earth pressure. These are driven in the ground by mechanical means (pile driving equipments). This method is adopted when,  Soil to be excavated is loose or soft.  Width of trench is large.  Depth of excavation is large.  Sub soil water is present.
Temporary works
Scaffolding What is scaffolding? Scaffolding, also called staging, is a temporary structure used to support people or material and material in the construction or repair of buildings and other structures.
Types of scaffolding Single scaffolding Double scaffolding Needle Scaffolding Trestle Scaffolding Suspended Scaffolding Steel Scaffolding Patented Scaffolding
1. Single Scaffolding
This is the most common type scaffolding and is widely used in the construction or brickwork. It consists a single row of standards placed at a distance about 1.20 m from the wall. Standards are placed at 2 to 2.5 m interval.
2. Double Scaffolding
This scaffolding is stronger than the single scaffolding. It is used in the construction of stonework.
3. Needle Scaffolding Ground is weak to support the standards. Construction of upper part of the wall is to be carried out. It is required to keep the ground near wall, free for traffic, etc.
4. Trestle Scaffolding
In this type of scaffolding, the working platform is supported on movable contrivances such as ladders, tripods etc. mounted on wheel. This type of scaffolding is used for painting or pointing.
5. Suspended Scaffolding
This is a light weight scaffolding used for repair works such as painting, pointing, etc. The working platform is suspended from roofs by means of ropes or chains etc. The platform can be raised or lowered at any desired level.
Shoring What is Shoring? Shoring is the construction of temporary structure to support temporarily an unsafe structure. Types of shoring:- Raking Shores Flying Shores Dead Shores
1. Raking Shores This is a system of giving temporary support to an unsafe wall. • The construction of raking shores ,varies with the Condition at site. • In this method inclined members called rakers are used to give lateral support to the wall.
2. Flying Shores Single Flying Shore
Double Flying Shore
In this type of shoring horizontal supports are provided for supporting temporarily the parallel walls of the two adjacent building which may tend to collapse or damage. • If the walls are quite near to each other (up to 9 m) single flying shore can be constructed. • When the distance between two parallel walls is more than 9 m a double shore can be constructed.
3. Dead Shores Use of dead shores in rebuilding or deepening of foundation, or for removal of lower part of defective wall.
Underpinning What is underpinning? The term underpinning is applied to the construction of a new foundation underneath the existing one for strengthening purposes. Types of underpinning Pit Method Pile Method
1. Pit Method In this method existing wall over the foundations divided into various sections, generally 1.2 to 1.5 m in length. • Holes are than made at adequate height in the existing wall. • In these holes steel needle beams with bearing plates are inserted and supported on either side of the by means of crib supports.
2. Pile Method In this method, piles are driven at regular interval along both the sides of the wall. • The piles are connected by concrete or steel needles, penetrating through the wall. • This method is very much useful in clayey soils, and in water logged areas.
Temporary works

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Temporary works

  • 2. Subject:- Building Construction Subject Code:- 2130607 Guided By:- Prof. Nilesh Rathod Name Enrollment No:- Gandhi Harshil R. 141100106018 Deshmukh Bhavik H. 15DTOD002 Kotila Jayveer V. 15DTOD007 Mistry Aditya P. 15DTOD008 Pandya Dhrumil D. 15DTOD009 Gain Yogesh 15DTOD004
  • 5. What are temporary works? Any temporary Construction necessary to assist the execution of the permanent works and which will be removed (sometimes not) from the site on completion. Examples:- • Scaffolding • Timbering in trenches • Shoring • Underpinning
  • 6. Timbering in Trenches • When the depth of trench is large or when the sub- soil is loose ,the sides of trench may cave in. • The problem can by adopting a suitable method of timbering • Timber of trenches ,sometime also known as ‘shoring’ consists of providing timber planks or boards and struts to give temporary support to the sides of the trench.
  • 7. Various methods of timbering:-  Stay bracing  Box sheeting  Vertical sheeting  Runners system  Sheet piling
  • 8. 1. Stay bracing When the trench soil is firm and the depth of excavation does not exceed 2.0 meters, this method is used for supporting the sides of a trench.
  • 9. 2. Box Sheeting This Method is used when excavation is to be carried out in loose soil and when the depth of excavation does not exceed 4 meters.
  • 10. 3. Vertical Sheeting This method is adopted for deep trenches (up to 10 m depth) in soft ground. This method is similar to box sheeting except that the the excavation is carried out in stages and at the end of each stage an offset is provided.
  • 11. 4. Runners In case of extremely loose and soft ground runner system is provided. The system is similar to Vertical sheeting. Except that in place of vertical sheeting runners are provided.
  • 12. 5. Sheet piling Sheet piles are designed to resist lateral earth pressure. These are driven in the ground by mechanical means (pile driving equipments). This method is adopted when,  Soil to be excavated is loose or soft.  Width of trench is large.  Depth of excavation is large.  Sub soil water is present.
  • 14. Scaffolding What is scaffolding? Scaffolding, also called staging, is a temporary structure used to support people or material and material in the construction or repair of buildings and other structures.
  • 15. Types of scaffolding Single scaffolding Double scaffolding Needle Scaffolding Trestle Scaffolding Suspended Scaffolding Steel Scaffolding Patented Scaffolding
  • 17. This is the most common type scaffolding and is widely used in the construction or brickwork. It consists a single row of standards placed at a distance about 1.20 m from the wall. Standards are placed at 2 to 2.5 m interval.
  • 19. This scaffolding is stronger than the single scaffolding. It is used in the construction of stonework.
  • 20. 3. Needle Scaffolding Ground is weak to support the standards. Construction of upper part of the wall is to be carried out. It is required to keep the ground near wall, free for traffic, etc.
  • 22. In this type of scaffolding, the working platform is supported on movable contrivances such as ladders, tripods etc. mounted on wheel. This type of scaffolding is used for painting or pointing.
  • 24. This is a light weight scaffolding used for repair works such as painting, pointing, etc. The working platform is suspended from roofs by means of ropes or chains etc. The platform can be raised or lowered at any desired level.
  • 25. Shoring What is Shoring? Shoring is the construction of temporary structure to support temporarily an unsafe structure. Types of shoring:- Raking Shores Flying Shores Dead Shores
  • 26. 1. Raking Shores This is a system of giving temporary support to an unsafe wall. • The construction of raking shores ,varies with the Condition at site. • In this method inclined members called rakers are used to give lateral support to the wall.
  • 27. 2. Flying Shores Single Flying Shore
  • 29. In this type of shoring horizontal supports are provided for supporting temporarily the parallel walls of the two adjacent building which may tend to collapse or damage. • If the walls are quite near to each other (up to 9 m) single flying shore can be constructed. • When the distance between two parallel walls is more than 9 m a double shore can be constructed.
  • 30. 3. Dead Shores Use of dead shores in rebuilding or deepening of foundation, or for removal of lower part of defective wall.
  • 31. Underpinning What is underpinning? The term underpinning is applied to the construction of a new foundation underneath the existing one for strengthening purposes. Types of underpinning Pit Method Pile Method
  • 32. 1. Pit Method In this method existing wall over the foundations divided into various sections, generally 1.2 to 1.5 m in length. • Holes are than made at adequate height in the existing wall. • In these holes steel needle beams with bearing plates are inserted and supported on either side of the by means of crib supports.
  • 33. 2. Pile Method In this method, piles are driven at regular interval along both the sides of the wall. • The piles are connected by concrete or steel needles, penetrating through the wall. • This method is very much useful in clayey soils, and in water logged areas.