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The Print Industry

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The document summarizes various print techniques, categorizing them as etching, linocut, screen print, woodcut, lithography, letterpress, gravure, screen process, photocopying, laser printing, inkjet, and desktop publishing. Each technique is described briefly, outlining the method, advantages, and disadvantages. Etching involves using acid to cut a design into metal, linocut uses a knife to cut a design into linoleum, and screen print forces ink through a stencil onto material below.

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Task 7: The Print Industry
Technique Method Advantages Disadvantages Example Etching Etching is the process of using strong acid to cut into parts of a metal surface to create a design. -many can be etched at once -can be very compact -all etchings will be identical -time consuming Linocut Using a sharp knife or a V-shaped chisel, a design is cut into the surface. The sheet is then inked with a roller and pressed onto paper or fabric. -sturdy -easy for simple designs -mistakes are irreversible -time consuming -limited colour application -long time to dry Screen print A screen is made from a fine mesh material fixed to a wooden frame and a stencil is placed under the screen. Ink is then forced through the stencil onto the material below. -quicker process -larger designs -sturdy and tough -time consuming -financially impractical Woodcut Woodcut printing is an artistic technique in printmaking. An image is carved into the surface of a block of wood with the printing parts remaining level with the surface while the non-printing parts are removed. -cheap materials and production costs -robust quality -time consuming Lithography Lithography machines can print on both sides of paper/card. They rely on four basic colours; yellow, cyan, magenta and black. -fast -cheap -clear images produced -can’t produce high quality prints -equipment is complicated HAND
MECHANICAL Technique Method Advantages Disadvantages Example Letterpress During letterpress printing, the parts to be printed are raised up from the base plate. Letterpress printing can be used to produce both type and illustrations. It is used for small printing jobs such as business cards and stationery. -straight forward process -sharp images -any type of paper can be used -time consuming -range of fonts is limited Gravure In gravure printing, the image is made up of small holes sunk in the surface of the printing plate and these holes are filled with ink. Paper comes into contact with the ink in the holes when it is pressed against the plate. -high quality -large range of colours -high cost -time consuming Screen Process Silk screen printing is a form of stencil printing. The ink is applied to the back of the image carrier and pushed through open areas. The nonprinting areas on the silk screen are blocked out, and the ink is pushed through the open areas corresponding to the design. -can be used on glass, plastics and textures surfaces -durability -images can be scaled upwards -limited colour mixing -multi-step process -limited resolution
DIGITAL Technique Method Advantages Disadvantages Example Photocopying Photocopiers can enlarge and reduce images and process paper and card. Different paper sizes can be used. -gives good results -copies are expensive Laser Printing A Laser writes an electrical representation on it of the image that will be printed. Toner is applied to the areas that were written by the Laser and then heat and pressure rollers melt the Tonerparticles into the Paper. -fast -high accuracy -expensive Inkjet An inkjet printer places extremely small droplets of ink onto paper to create an image. -one of the lowest costing printing devices on the market -high quality -quick -cartridge costs can exceed the cost of the actual printer -often prints can smudge if they are touched too quickly Desktop Publishing This is using a personal computer or workstation to produce high-quality printed documents. It allows you to use and place different typefaces, margins , illustrations and graphs directly into the text. -easy to use -multiple available templates -slow installation -not very precise layouts

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The Print Industry

  • 2. Technique Method Advantages Disadvantages Example Etching Etching is the process of using strong acid to cut into parts of a metal surface to create a design. -many can be etched at once -can be very compact -all etchings will be identical -time consuming Linocut Using a sharp knife or a V-shaped chisel, a design is cut into the surface. The sheet is then inked with a roller and pressed onto paper or fabric. -sturdy -easy for simple designs -mistakes are irreversible -time consuming -limited colour application -long time to dry Screen print A screen is made from a fine mesh material fixed to a wooden frame and a stencil is placed under the screen. Ink is then forced through the stencil onto the material below. -quicker process -larger designs -sturdy and tough -time consuming -financially impractical Woodcut Woodcut printing is an artistic technique in printmaking. An image is carved into the surface of a block of wood with the printing parts remaining level with the surface while the non-printing parts are removed. -cheap materials and production costs -robust quality -time consuming Lithography Lithography machines can print on both sides of paper/card. They rely on four basic colours; yellow, cyan, magenta and black. -fast -cheap -clear images produced -can’t produce high quality prints -equipment is complicated HAND
  • 3. MECHANICAL Technique Method Advantages Disadvantages Example Letterpress During letterpress printing, the parts to be printed are raised up from the base plate. Letterpress printing can be used to produce both type and illustrations. It is used for small printing jobs such as business cards and stationery. -straight forward process -sharp images -any type of paper can be used -time consuming -range of fonts is limited Gravure In gravure printing, the image is made up of small holes sunk in the surface of the printing plate and these holes are filled with ink. Paper comes into contact with the ink in the holes when it is pressed against the plate. -high quality -large range of colours -high cost -time consuming Screen Process Silk screen printing is a form of stencil printing. The ink is applied to the back of the image carrier and pushed through open areas. The nonprinting areas on the silk screen are blocked out, and the ink is pushed through the open areas corresponding to the design. -can be used on glass, plastics and textures surfaces -durability -images can be scaled upwards -limited colour mixing -multi-step process -limited resolution
  • 4. DIGITAL Technique Method Advantages Disadvantages Example Photocopying Photocopiers can enlarge and reduce images and process paper and card. Different paper sizes can be used. -gives good results -copies are expensive Laser Printing A Laser writes an electrical representation on it of the image that will be printed. Toner is applied to the areas that were written by the Laser and then heat and pressure rollers melt the Tonerparticles into the Paper. -fast -high accuracy -expensive Inkjet An inkjet printer places extremely small droplets of ink onto paper to create an image. -one of the lowest costing printing devices on the market -high quality -quick -cartridge costs can exceed the cost of the actual printer -often prints can smudge if they are touched too quickly Desktop Publishing This is using a personal computer or workstation to produce high-quality printed documents. It allows you to use and place different typefaces, margins , illustrations and graphs directly into the text. -easy to use -multiple available templates -slow installation -not very precise layouts