The Punic Wars In Ancient Rome

The Punic Wars In Ancient Rome
Rome was a small city that was founded at around 754 B.C.E in central Italy. In the 3rd century, had to deal with
some people that included the Confederations of Celtic tribes. To the south of Rome was a trading center that was
owned by the Carthaginians. There were trading ports and settlements all over the central and western
Mediterranean. The growing and regional powers in Sicily by the Carthaginian worlds caused the clash between
them and Rome. There were three major wars called the Punic wars. There was an unsuccessful march of Hannibal
over the Alps whose aim was to invade Italy. The Greeks and Roman affairs were quite tough. The Romans
adopted some of the Greek culture. In the east, Rome actively interacted with the Hellenistic kingdoms
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Second Temple Period In Judaism
Introduction
The Second Temple Period as it related to the Jewish people was noticeable by the reconstruction of the Temple in
538 BCE. This took place when the Jewish begun to enlarge this took place nearly six hundred years, as of the late
sixth century BCE to 70 CE when the Jerusalem temple was ruined by the Romans. During this phase, Jews lived
under foreign rule, during Judaism early development. First to have rule was the Persians this begin in 538–332
BCE. After which came the Hellenistic Kingdoms which were created after Alexander the Great's capture from
332–63 BCE and concluded with the Romans from 63 BCE to 70 CE and beyond. This era also saw the
development of the Sadducees, Pharisees, Zealots and Essenes sects. Within this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Under the headship of Zerubbabel who was a offspring from the House of David. Less than century later the
Second journey would take place to Israel, with Ezra the Scribe being the leader. The subsequently four centuries
also saw Jews of unstable degrees of self–rule under the Persians, and the Hellenistic over lordship (Ptolemaic and
Seleucid). Under Ezra's brilliant guidance they saw the repatriation of the people as they began the erection of the
Second Temple on the same site as the First Temple. This would also include the refortification of the walls of
Jerusalem a longer with the establishment of the Great Assembly known as Knessel Hagedolah as the judicial body
and the ultimate religion of the Jewish people, which highlighted the Second Temple period. In the course of the
rule of the Persian Empire, the leadership of the inhabitants of Judah was entrusted to the high priest, with the
support of the ruling body of elders in Jerusalem. The Land also remained a Jewish theocracy under the Syrian–
based Seleucid leaders, as it was a part of the ancient world conquered by Alexander the Great of Greece

What Role Does Jutus Play In Jewish Religion
Every December in households all over the world, people of the Jewish faith gather around to celebrate the joyous
holiday of Hanukkah. Yet few realize that the foundations of this celebration maybe traced on a series of bloody
and violent events, which occur more than two thousand years ago. At that time, Judea was a minor providence
under the iron fist of a despotic emperor. His relentless obsession to diminish and humiliate the Jewish religion
would ignite a holy war. Antiochus' persecution would have being resisted by faithful Jews, the once who keep up
their traditions. Besides the religious motives, this opposition was also based on other social reasons: supporters of
Hellenism were mostly members of the wealthy classes: priests and nobles of Jerusalem, therefore, when
Jerusalem became a polis, in other words, a Hellenistic city or a city–state in ancient Greece, citizens no longer
depended on being part of the same people through circumcision practices, or observed the Sabbath and other laws
of the Torah, but a criterion of income and social position was introduced instead. This created a discontent in the
middle and lower class of the people. In these times of religious decay, a great military leader arose to ... Show
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It said that Judas was a member of the priestly family and a pure descendent of Aaron and a son of the Jewish
priest Mattathias.1 He led the Maccabees' revolt after his father dies in 166 BCE, against the Seleucid Empire
(167–160 BCE). Under his guidance the Jews would defy an entire empire, regain control of their faith and begin
the festival of lights, which is still celebrated today. In Hebrew the word Hanukkah means dedication a festival
commemorating the cleansing and rededication of the Holy Temple in Jerusalem, which since 175 BCE, had been
profaned by pagan

What Is The Role Of The Mauryan Empire Change In Central...
The rise of various empires was a result of massive political and cultural changes that happened throughout central
and south Asia. The major empires created due to the changed were the Mauryan and Seleucia Empire. In addition
to various empires being created in central and south Asia, Buddhism influences many parts of the world and the
Silk Road became a vital importance. Alexander paved the way for one of the largest Empires in South Asia
history, the Mauryan empire. (213) Before Alexander and his forced came to South Asia, the region was comprised
of multiple small warring states, until 321 BCE, when they failed. A man by the name of Chandragupta Mori took
ideas from Alexander and created a successful military and took the thrown of the Magadha kingdom. (213)
Chandragupta and the Mauryan did not start out a noble or distinguished family, but with economic strength and
military skills they began to take control over their enemies. (214) The order of the people in the region of
Chandragupta ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When Alexander's military came into Asia it reached all the was to Punjab to which he defended many rulers of
Gandhara in 326 BCE. (218) During this time he also established many garrison towns in eastern Iran, northern
Afghanistan, Punjab, and other areas that would ensure protection of his easternmost territorial attainments. (219)
Although these towns were once areas for only soldiers, they eventually became centers of the Hellenistic culture.
(219) Many areas such as Ghazni, Kandahar, Kapisi and Bactra developed characteristics of a Greek polis. The
Greek polis is a street of temples line by one another to patron gods and goddesses, theaters, educational
gymnasiums, administrative center, and a marketplace. (219) Once Alexander passed away a new ruler by the
name of Seleucus Nicator gained control over the Hellenistic states and built more Greek garrison towns.

The Period Of Ancient Greece
The Hellenistic Age was a period of ancient Greece lasting between 323 B.C after the death of Alexander the Great
and 30 B.C the beginning of the Roman Empire. Alexander was determined to conquer unknown lands and his
expedition provided a bridge between city–states and the Greek Hellenistic World. The Hellenistic World is what
resulted from the disintegrated empire that came short after Alexanders death. Four major Hellenistic kingdoms
emerged from the successors of Alexander. The Greeks and easterners made notable accomplishments during this
period of experiments, novelties and individualism which influenced the Roman culture. The Hellenistic kingdoms
shared much in common with their Greek past. Although they had a democratic form of government it forced
Greeks of the Hellenistic Age to accept monarchy, which they hated. For large cities such as Seleucid, monarchism
suited well. This establishment by Seleucus covered much of Asia. The city of Pregamum later emerged by freeing
itself from Seleucid and was under the Attalid dynasty. Antigonus established the Antigonid dynasty as ruler of
Macedonia, and Ptolemy established himself as king of Egypt, founding the Ptolemaic dynasty of pharaohs. Not
long after the four major kingdoms were established challenges appeared from internal conflicts and external
enemies. Although they inherited the most lethal military system in the world from Alexander and Philip, these
wars required murderous weapons and machinery. Massive siege

Informative Writing: The Story Of Shanukah
Lauren BergMrs. Brandy ZdenekGrade 823 December 2016Informative Writing–The Story of ChanukahChanukah
is the eight–day festival of light that begins on the eve of the twenty–fifth of the Jewishmonth of Kislev. It
celebrates the triumph of light over darkness, of purity over adulteration, andof spirituality over
materiality.................................................................................................................................................................More
than 2000 years ago, when Israel was still a part of the Greek–Syrian empire, kingAntiochus lll reigned the land.
He had waged war with King Ptolemy of Egypt over thepossession of the Land of Israel. Antiochus III was
victorious and the Land of Israel was addedto ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He removed the righteousHigh Priest, Yochanan, from the Temple in Jerusalem, and in his place installed
Yochanan'sbrother Joshua, who loved to call himself by the Greek name of Jason.For he was a member of the idol–
worshiper party, and he used his high office to spread more andmore of the Greek customs among the priesthood.
Jason was later replaced by another man,Menelaus, who had promised the king that he would bring in more money
than Jason made.When Yochanan, the former High Priest, protested the spread of the idol–worshiper's influence
inthe Holy Temple, the ruling High Priest hired murderers to assassinate him. Antiochus was atthat time engaged in
a successful war against Egypt. But messengers from Rome arrived andcommanded him to stop the war, and he
had to yield. Meanwhile, in Jerusalem, a rumor spreadthat a serious accident had befallen Antiochus. Thinking that
he was dead, the people rebelledagainst Menelaus.The treacherous High Priest fled together with his friends.
Antiochus returned from Egyptenraged by Roman interference with his ambitions. When he heard, what had taken
place inJerusalem, he ordered his army to fall upon the Jews. Thousands of Jews were killed. Antiochusthen
enacted a series of harsh decrees against the Jews. Jewish worship was forbidden; the scrollsof the Law were
confiscated and burned. Sabbath rest, circumcision and the dietary laws wereprohibited under penalty of death.
Even one of the respected elders of that generation, RabbiEliezer, a man of 90, was ordered by the servants of
Antiochus to eat pork so that others woulddo the same. When he refused, they suggested to him that he pick up the
meat to his lips toappear to be eating. But Rabbi Eliezer refused to do even that and was put to death.Antiochus's
men went from town to town and from village to village to force the

Westus IV Ephanes Contributions
In 175 BC, Antiochus IV Epiphanes became King of the Seleucids and nominated Jason, brother of Onias III, who
he would replace, as the "puppet" High Priest in Jerusalem. After some conflict and deaths in the dispute between
Jason, Menelaus, and Onias, Jason remained the High Priest, while his brother, Onias was killed. Antiochus then
began attempt to Hellenize the Jews and pillaged their temples. He banned several Jewish practices, such as
circumcision, sacrifice, feats, and the Sabbath. Additionally, he even executed those preforming traditional
circumcisions. This was elevated by the 'Abomination of Desolation' when the placement of a statue of Zeus in the
second temple occurred. The situation had become very clear to the Jews of Judea that this was a war against their
faith and traditions. Antiochus attempted to 'unite' all the people by abolishing their laws, traditions, and
establishing the Hellenistic gymnasiums. The Jews had to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Likewise, jihadist groups often force Muslim citizens to participate in head coverings and prayer. Many Muslim
men who believed had suffered at the hands of America, Israel, and other western powers had become fed up with
their treatment and the conditions in the middle east. This discontent was multiplied when America established
bases in Saudi Arabia. To an extent it became the 'Abomination of Desolation' for the Muslims, mainly Osama Bin
Laden and his followers. By allowing corrupt infidels into the holiest of lands and refusing the support of Bin
Laden, Saudi Arabia, assumedly, infuriated Bin Laden. As a result, he became increasingly radicalized and began
taking increasingly extreme actions. The similarities in the tactics and behavior between the two uprisings are
blatantly apparent. However, these events happened at significantly different times in history, centuries in fact, and
occurred under varying, different

Alexander The Great Of The Russian Empire
There are few topics in history that garner more attention and study than Alexander the Great. Almost everyone in
the western world has heard of Alexander in school, books, or in other cultural depictions. However, his effect on
the history of the world cannot be overstated. Alexander's empire had an effect on people from the Balkans to
Egypt, and from Babylon to India. His empire resolved the long standing conflict between the Persians and Greeks,
established multiple cities across the Middle East and central Asia, had an influence on a future Indian emperor,
and some of the remnants of his empire lasted until the time of the Roman Empire. The empire of Alexander not
only had a prominent place in history, but also contributed to advancements in military tactics of the ancient world.
The rise and fall of the Macedonian Empire, under Alexander the Great, is one of the most influential events of
history, and had long reaching effects that lasted until the time of the Roman Empire. In order to see the origins of
the empire of Alexander, it is important to understand the previous conflicts between the Persian Empire and those
on the Balkan Peninsula, such as the Greek city states and Macedon. This conflict was the preface behind
Alexander's conquest of the Persian Empire, and his future conquests in Egypt, Central Asia, and India. According
to Encyclopedia Britannica, the Greco–Persian wars lasted half a century, with multiple wars being fought between
the Greek city states and

Alexander The Great : The Death Of Alexander The Great
Alexander the Great conquered most of his known world in simply a decade. The people who followed him found
a violent after his death, but make the latest world depend on the Greek culture. King Phillip II of Macedonia, a
kingdom of Greece, defeated all of the Greek city–states. When he was slain in 336 B.C., his 20–year–old son
whose name is Alexander supposed the throne. The great philosopher Aristotle is including, the teachers of Greek,
had taught the young king. Already a seasoned warrior by eighteen, he had attained hi father on the military
campaigns like the cavalry commander. King Alexander hardened his authority at home and violently crushes a
revolt through the Greek city–state of Thebes. Then, he built the plans to release the Greek Cities in Asia Minor
from Persia and to penalize the Persians for devastating Athens about 150 years prior. The Persians were ruled by
Darius III, called as the "Great King". Alexander had a short problem defeating the Persians in Asia Minor, where
troops are commanded by the Darius individually. However, when the Alexander and his army arrived the city of
Gordian, he tackled a confounding puzzle. In 331 B.C., Alexander attacked Mesopotamia and decisively defeated
Darius III, who escaped the field of battle. The conquering king soon took the Mesopotamian capital of Babylon
and proclaimed himself: "King of Babylon, King of Asia, King of the four quarters of the world. "Alexander next
comes into the Persian homeland. He secures Susa, the capital of Persia when it surrendered. He burned; however,
the large palace city of the Persepolis in the revolt for the Persian destroys of Athens. The risk from the Darius had
been eliminated. He was murdered by his own provincial governors, hoping to attain favor with the Alexander. In
turn, Alexander married Roxanne, who is the daughter of the satraps of Darius. Similar to the Greeks, Alexander
supposed the Asians to be "barbarians." Even so, he tried to accept some of their traditions to smooth the path for
his new Hellenistic empire. Alexander started to wear the Persian clothing and needed his men to do the similar
thing. He insisted that everyone follows the Persian exercise of prostrating themselves when following him on the

The Major Factors That Led Rome and the Hellenistic...
6. What were the major factors that led to clashes between Rome and the Hellenistic kingdoms, down to 146 B.C.?
Can one decide what proportion of the responsibility for these clashes belongs to Rome, to the Hellenistic "great
powers" (the Antigonids, Seleucids and Ptolemies) and to the minor players? This essay will what were the major
factors that led to clashes between Rome and the Hellenistic kingdom, down to 146 B.C. A brief history of Rome's
increasing involvement in the Hellenistic area starting with its wars with Hannibal of Carthage and how the
Hellenistic Kingdoms of Antigonids, the Seleucids and the Ptolemies and several other minor powers in the area
came to be after the death of Alexander. The essay will focus on the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The three main successors forged dynasties that lasted a couple of centuries until they all were defeated or came
under the sway of Rome.
Rome fought three wars with Carthage called the Punic wars, these wars were fought between 264B.C. and
146B.C. (First 264–241B.C., Second 218–202B.C., Third 149–146B.C.) The first two Punic wars were essentially
defensive wars for Rome especially the second where Hannibal in command of the Carthaginian forces crossed the
Alps and attacked mainland Italy, the Romans were able to repel Hannibal and his army, Hannibal was eventually
defeated by the famous General Publius Cornelius Scipio and pushed back to North Africa and Carthage. The
second war reduced Carthage to nothing but a city state, but Rome still feared that Carthage could rise once again
to its former military might and with the third Punic war; Rome razed Carthage to the ground, slaughtering or
enslaving its inhabitants. "At the sight of the city utterly perishing amidst the flames Scipio burst into tears, and
stood long reflecting on the inevitable change which awaits cities, nations, and dynasties."
Rome and the Hellenistic kingdoms fought four wars called the Macedonian wars between 215B.C. and 146B.C.
and wars signalled the first clashes between Rome and the Hellenistic kingdoms. The first Macedonian war was
fought between Rome and Philip V of Macedon of the Antigonid kingdom and was brought about as a cause of
revenge. In 216B.C. Philip V

The First Persian Empire
The first ever unified Iranian state was the ancient nation of Media. Media would quickly emerge as a fierce power
in the Near East and establish a vast empire, gaining territories in nations such as present day Iraq, Turkey and
Pakistan. Despite its might, the Median Empire would eventually succumb to the more superior Achaemenid
Empire, commonly known as the First Persian Empire. The Empire would never be matched in its size, spanning
from modern day Pakistan to the edges of Europe itself. However, even the great Achaemenids would fall
eventually to the army of Alexander The Great.
Alexander's empire would continue expanding until his final days, dying in the year 323 BC. Alexander's death
created a power vacuum which led to ongoing internal

How Did The Second Temple Period Affect The Jewish
Introduction The Second Temple Period was an extremely diverse time in history. Several changes in kings bought
about major change among the Jews. The changes were obvious in religion, leaderships, and accomplishments of
the period. The numerous different leaders changed the foundation of the Jewish people down to the core. In this
paper I will review the various transitions that took place during the second time period. It is evident that the
changes that took place influenced the Jews in a variety of ways. This paper will highlight those influences. What
was the Second Temple Period? The Second Temple Period was a time in history that bought about a lot of
physical and spiritual changes. Often in history one is able to see the affect that new leadership has on a particular
area. The same can be said about the Jews and the Second Temple Period. "Formerly called the "intertestamental
period," most scholars now prefer the term "Second Temple Period" For the time from the building of the Second
temple in 515BC by Zerubbabel until its destruction by the Romans in AD 70, including the time of Jesus and the
early church" "The Second Temple Period is comprised of five eras demarcated by a series of occupational forces
of Palestine and punctuated by five great crises for the Jewish people" The Persian Period (539–331 BC) "When
Cyrus of Persia, a former vassal of Media (from around 550 BC0, attacked Opis (an outlying city), Nabonidus king
of Babylon was busy quelling a bloody

Alexander The Great Analysis
The Babylonian and Assyrian armies were notorious for total destruction among their enemies, and Alexander the
Great was a conqueror as well but with a slightly different tactical approach. Alexander the Great was more
cultural than militarized when engaging with enemies and conquering them (Bethel, 2014). Alexander the Great
differed from Assyria and Babylon in regards to what to do with the people left in defeated areas. Alexander the
Great commanded members of his military, with high ranks as well as various members of his military, among the
defeated territories to preserve the people's culture as it was before defeat (Bethel, 2014). This preservation theory
was reflected by the Greek culture as it demonstrated a new and positive way in

Comparing Empires (Persia vs Rome)
Jacob Anderson
World Civ I
Empires
Persia & Rome
The foundations of an ancient empire are shaped by many characteristics originating in a civilization's social,
philosophical, and theological values. Collectively these will bring about an empire that has aspects which will
classify them in distinctive ways. The aspects that will be compared between Persia and Rome are the motives for
expansion, methods of expansion, the administration, the impact on those conquered and the original empire, and
the reasons for the decline of each empire. When combined, these aspects predispose the individual overall shape
of ancient Rome and Persia. Both empires began with conquering larger rulers and creating vast empires which had
never been seen ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Having the satraps lessened the attempt of independence as well as having an administration made up of locals
helped keep revolts down. The impact of expansion on the core Persian Empire was generally looked at and
received in a positive manner. Increasing populations created more cities and more job opportunities allowed many
Persians the luxury of making more money as the empire grew. The bulk of the empire was still mostly farmers,
however. One of the largest influences on the core empire was Zoroastrianism. This was advocated by both Cyrus
and Darius, Darius used it in order to claim divine right to kingship. This new religion spread very quickly through
high–ranking Persians (Bentley and Ziegler, 174). Zoroastrianism preached for people to enjoy this life but to live
well for the afterlife (Stearns, Zoroastrianism: The Major Persian Religion, 43–45). This allowed people to have
fun in this life and still be able to have eternal bliss; when people are having fun and happy they are less likely to
challenge their rulers. Cyrus and Darius both tolerated ethnic and theological diversity. They did not try to force
Persian culture on the conquered people. It seemed as though the Persians just wanted to have the right to tax and
have control of the land and its riches. The Seleucids, Parthians, and Sasanids also advocated this policy. Although
this policy worked quite well in allowing for fluid execution of ruling,

Is Trump A War Hero?
― At a conservative convention, Trump said of John McCain that he was not a war hero. When the interviewer
responded, "He was a war hero.", Trump said in a snarky tone, "I like heroes that weren't captured. Okay? I hate to
tell ya."
― Megyn Kelly once asked him if he had ever been (emotionally) wounded by a friend. After a bit of motherly
prodding, he responded, "If I'm wounded by someone, I hit back real hard so I can un–wound myself."
If you say Trump's no Hitler, I say, true. Hitler, like Trump, was an evil person. But unlike Trump, he was not
spineless.
We live in a society losing its ability to discern the subtle things. And many that still have discernment are
becoming hardened. Trump may not as yet be "a killer – as his father used to call him – but give it time. You will
not be waiting long. Inside the man, who so neatly plays the media, is a killer in the making, bent on world
domination. It will happen just as The Bible predicts.
What is mentioned most often in this chapter – no less than four times – is the boasting of The Little Horn. The
repetition suggests an individual who boasts continuously, eventually blaspheming and boasting of his superiority
over God. If you are thinking, "I can't imagine anybody would boast that he's greater than God."; we are not talking
about anybody, we are talking about Donald Trump; the man who says and does anything he desires and usually
gets away with it; a man who boasts he could shoot people on Pennsylvania Avenue without

The Hellenistic Age
Hellenistic age–32 BCE The greek people are so unaware of what is about to happen and it truly heartbreaking that
this is is the twilight of the hole greek civilization. Nevertheless this period is so fascinating and interesting this is
the Hellenistic Age. The Hellenistic age begun after the death of Alexander the grate. Like I said earlier he left no
new successor so this caused in fighting and the empire was divided up against the wars generals they .There were
three empires would form there would dynasts from Alexander's empire; there was Antigonids in Macedonia and
Greece, the Seleucids in Perissa and the ptolemies in Egypt. The people did not go back to their way of life because
they were ruled by greeks and macedonians, so the local ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This was hard on the Greek people more than the other people of the empires.They had be fixed in their religious
beliefs for centuries that they never thought that they might be wrong. When all of these ideas poured into greece,
it conflicted they're rugged religious beliefs is caused pandamonium however the rulers of the three empires were
able to calm them people down and things were stable again. Out of all of the the places of the empires I thinks that
the most important place must be Alexandria in egypt and there grate library. There library reminds me so much of
the philosophers school in athens. There is so much new ideas and plans of inventions could change the world! I
thinks there could be more than 50,000 scrolls People like archimedes who made great inventions like the
archimedes screw which help people get more water. Or Eratosthenes how arcuately found the world's
crumufances. He did this by telling a friend to go 500 miles into africa and plant a post next to a well where the the
sun fits perfectly into the well. While his friend did that he planted one in Alexandria. When his friend returned
he'd said there was no shadow while at his however there was a shadow at Eratosthenes the only way could happen
Eratosthenes thought

Alexander The Great's Conquest
According to Dr. Wilcox's lecture, how did Alexander the Great's conquest differ from that of Assyria and Babylon
and how was the influence that he left behind felt in Jerusalem (also include the rule of the Seleucids in your
discussion)? According to the read section in unit five (pg335) The chain of empires that ruled over Judah
continued through the rise and fall of the Persian Empire and on to Greek rule over Palestine, which began with
Alexander the Great and would prove to be the most influential in cultural terms (Tullock, and McEntire,2012).
Nonetheless, it also states that it seems to suggest the Ecclesiastes was influenced by the Hellenistic culture that
saturated the Near East following the conquests of Alexander the Great (Tullock,

The Conquests Of Alexander The Great
Introduction The conquests of Alexander the Great ushered in a new era in the political and cultural history of the
Near East. In their wake, both the Jews of Judaea and their brethren in a rapidly expanding diaspora were subjected
to radical forces of social and cultural change. These changes, effected by the introduction of Greek culture into the
lands of the Near East that led to the emergence of the phenomenon commonly known as Hellenism, greatly
transcended the purely political vicissitudes that were destined to envelop this part of the inhabited world. One of
the striking features of Second Temple history is the fact that most Jews, not only in the Diaspora but in Palestine
as well, never experienced complete Jewish sovereignty. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A Jewish diaspora was already in existence from the late seventh century: Jews had been deported to the
Babylonian area at least as early as 597, and Jeremiah 52 speaks of two more deportations, in 587/586 and about
582 BCE. As for Egypt, at least one colony existed ay Elephantine, probably from the seventh century. This
continued, with Jews emigrating or being forcibly taken to Egypt in the period of the Diadochi. The result is that
by the early Hellenistic period a considerable Jewish diaspora existed, with Jews living in Egypt and Mesopotamia
and later in Asia Minor, as well as Syria and Palestine. The people bore the name of 'Jews' (Greek) after their
ancestral homeland of Judah. The Ptolemaic Period 320 – 198 BC The 40 years of fighting after Alexander's death
finally came to an end with the death of the main protagonists by the year 280 BCE. Much of the third century
BCE was dominated by the Syrian wars. These constituted an ongoing conflict between the Ptolemaic and Seleucid
empires over Syro–Palestine. As noted in the previous chapter, the council of visitors after the battle of Ipsus (301
BCE) had awarded this region to Seleucus because Ptolemy had not participated in the battle; however, Ptolemy
occupied the area up to the Eleutherus river, north of Tripolis, and refused to concede the territory. In 301 BCE
Ptolemy took Palestine once more and this time Egypt retained it for the next

Alexander The Great Antigonid
Alexander the Great's career as a ruler ended soon after it began, leaving behind a great empire that quickly broke
apart after his death. The lands were divided by each of his generals, general Ptolemy acquired Egypt, which
became known as Ptolemaic, general Seleucus acquired from the coast of Asia Minor to India, forming Seleucid,
and general Antigonus became king of Macedonia, establishing the Antigonid. Governing of these lands did not
differ much, citizens grew their own crops and raised animals for food, while paying rent and taxes to their kings.
Folks that resided in the cities ate fancier foods, drank fancier wine, and did business with others who were quite
different from them. Greek customs and manners were maintained, the Greek

Specific Predictive Prophecies Are One Of Daniel’S...
Specific predictive prophecies are one of Daniel's distinctive elements (Rogers, The Date of Daniel: Does it
Matter?). But what is predictive prophecy? Unlike the assumptions of some, not all prophecy foretells the future
(Jackson, Principles of Bible Prophecy). It was frequently the case that prophets would forthtell past or present
events (Jackson). For a prophecy to qualify as predictive, it must meet certain qualifications. First, the prophecy
must be uttered significantly earlier than its fulfillment (Jackson). Second, the prophecy must contain specific
details, not guesswork (Jackson). And third, the prophecy must be exactly fulfilled (Jackson). Geisler adds that
legitimate predictive prophecies must contain unusual events that the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, Daniel addresses these four kingdoms elsewhere in his work, and the traditional identification of the four
kingdoms is clear from a proper interpretation of those texts (Dan. 7:2–8, 17; 8:3–8, 20–22; Archer, A Survey of
Old Testament Introduction, 376–78). Furthermore, Daniel does not distinguish between the Median and Persian
kingdoms (McDowell 22). His inspired interpretation of the handwriting on the wall depicts the Persians, not the
Medians, as the conquerors of Babylon (Dan. 5:28; McDowell 23). Even if Daniel was written in the second–
century B.C., some of his prophecies are still predictive since Rome was not a significant world power and Christ's
kingdom was not yet established (Geisler 179; McDowell 24–25). Therefore, no logical reason exists to reject the
predictive element of Daniel's four–kingdom prophecy. Another example of Daniel's predictive element comes
from the prophecies of the Grecian empire (Dan. 8:3–8, 20–22; 11:3–4). A sixth–century B.C. date for Daniel
places him approximately 200 years or more before Alexander the Great began his conquests (Elwell 1: 50). The
former prophecy accurately depicts Alexander's victory over the Persian Empire between B.C. 334 to 331 (Walton
554). The latter prophecy vividly describes the partitioning of Alexander's mighty empire after his death (554,
560). Additionally, Josephus preserves a tradition that records Jewish priests presented Alexander the Great with
the book of Daniel

The Macedonian Wars : Ascendency Of The Roman Military...
The Macedonian Wars: Ascendency of the Roman Military Machine over Greek Rivals William Kearns Sections
6–7 May 18, 2017 By 148 BC, Rome controlled the Mediterranean Sea and designated this body of water as "Mare
Nostrum, or "our sea," but in 214 BC, at the beginning of the Macedonian Wars, Rome faced several rivals in their
seas. In the Western Mediterranean, Rome faced a powerful enemy in Carthage, which it defeated in the Punic
Wars from 264 to 146 BC. The successors to Alexander the Great's Empire dominated the Eastern Mediterranean.
After the Macedonian Wars, which spanned four wars from 214 until 148 BC, however, Rome defeated these states
and only the Polemic regime in Egypt remained free of Roman control. Roman tactics, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Consequently, Rome made Macedonian its first imperial province under the Roman Republic and the Third
Macedonian War ended with Roman dominance of Greece secured. In the Fourth Macedonian War, the Romans
defeated the Seleucid Empire in 148 and established dominance over Asia Minor and the Mediterranean coastal
areas of the Near East. Rome had replaced the Macedonian era with the Roman Era, which would dominate the
Mediterranean Sea for the next 500 hundred years. Roman military tactics played an important role in these
victories, especially the flexibility of the Roman legions compared the inflexible Phalanx used by the Macedonian
armies. The Phalanx was the central tactic of Greek warfare, prior to and after the time of Alexander the Great. In a
Phalanx. Greek hoplite infantry soldiers formed a tight rectangle to attack and pulse enemy advances. The Roman
legions, however, organized along cohorts. The legion was arranged into 10 cohorts. The first cohort contained 150
men per century. A century was a section of the cohort. The other cohorts contained 80 men. The centurions stood
at the bottom left corner of the century. There were 59 centurions in total. Roman legions could use several
different tactics including forming a wall with their shields. Roman legions could also form sub groups called
"maniples" which could act as strike forces against enemies. For example, in the Battle of Cynoscephalae in the
Second

How Did The Maccabees Influence The Jewish
The Jews shifted their allegiance to Alexander and in return Alexander allowed the Jews to observe their own laws,
gave them exemption from tribute tax during the Sabbath years. Alexander also encouraged the Jewish people to
live in Alexandria, Egypt and gave them privileges reserved for his own Greek people. When Alexander died in
323 B. C., some of his generals divided the empire among themselves: The Ptolemies of Egypt, the Seleucids of
Persia and parts of Asia Minor, and the Antigonids of Macedon. (Intertestamental Period & New Testament
Background, 2001).
At first, the Egyptian Ptolemaic Empire controlled the Jews from 320–198 B. C., and then Seleucid (Syrian)
Empire, around 198 B. C., acquired control over the Jewish populace. While the Ptolemaic Empire was tolerant of
the Jewish culture and religion, the Seleucid Empire was not. The Seleucids made determined efforts to force
Hellenism on the Jews. Some accepted it, but most did not (Halley, 2000). The Greek Seleucid, Antiochus, severely
punished the unaccepting Jews which eventually provoked the Maccabees (Hasmonean Era) to revolt. By 164 B.
C., the Maccabees controlled the area around Jerusalem and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"This shows how engrained the Hellenistic culture was and perhaps how it influenced the Apostle Paul, within his
Hellenistic–Jewish culture, to write as he did" (Russell, 1991–2016.). Eddy (2014) confirms the time period of the
Hellenistic influences that Russell discusses in his work. Two cultures are residing side by side and a certain
amount of melding is expected to take place. While this is true about language, societal practices such as
commerce, schooling and language occurring, the Judean religious practices remained true to its tenets. The Jewish
community in large retained its customs and culture (Eddy

Chelow Kebab History
The Persian Empire fell in the year 330 BCE due to the invasion of Alexander III of Macedon (Metropolitan
Museum of Art). During this the Greeks controlled the Persian lands, this was known as the Seleucid dynasty. After
the Seleucid dynasty there were many dynasties that controlled Persia. During the year 633–654 AD Muslims
started attacking the Sassanid Empire and took back control of Iran, this was known as the Muslim conquest or the
Arab conquest of Iran. Modern day Iran is divided into 31 provinces (Statoids). These 31 provinces are combined
into 5 regions of Iran. These 5 regions are Tehran (middle northern region), Esfahan (middle southern region),
Tabriz (northwest region), Kermanshah (western region), and Mashhad (eastern region). ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This dish is often referred to as the original Iranian national dish besides the true national dish Chelow kebab. This
dish is an herb stew with many herbal mixtures combined with Persian polo rice. Persian polo rice is basmati rice
that is cooked in a seasoned broth often mixed with onions and spices. This gives the rice a brown color completely
different from the rice styles of Chelow. Ghormeh is originally a Turkish word; this dish is from the region of
Tabriz, which is next to turkey. Ghormeh in Turkish means stewed and sabzi means Persian herbs. The Turkish
people used Persian herbs to create this dish and the Persians loved the stew so they adopted this dish from Turkey.
Ghormeh sabzi's herbal ingredients are a mixture of parsley, green onions, coriander, and dried fenugreek leaves.
The dish is cooked with kidney beans and turmeric seasoned lamb or beef all served with polo or tah–dig (crusted
saffron seasoned

Alexander The Great : The Achievements Of Alexander The Great
In the history of the world there has never been a teenager that matched the successes Alexander the Great
achieved. He was, without a doubt, the most successful general and conqueror that the world has ever seen. No
man ever matched his strength and courage on the battlefield nor did anyone match his leadership abilities. Men
like Alexander the Great did not come around often, but when they did, their actions and exploits shocked the
world and changed every aspect of life as it once was. Alexander the Great was an extraordinary man and an even
better general, and his conquests and actions changed the world forever. Alexander the Great was only twenty
years old when he inherited the throne of Macedon and possessed "the fullest measure the combination of physical
attractiveness, athletic prowess, and intellectual distinction that had long been the Greek ideal" (Hollister 147).
Furthermore, he had a powerful and imaginative mind and was a brilliant leader as well. According to Hollister,
"He was a magnetic leader who inspired intense loyalty and admiration among his followers, a brilliant general
who adapted his tactics and strategy to the most varied circumstances." Obviously, Alexander the Great had it all,
and was born to be a man of such great power and capability. When he inherited the throne from Philip II in 336
B.C., he had a unified Macedon and Greece to use as his springboard to conquer the world (lecture). However, the
Greek city–states in which Alexander ruled

The Revolt Of The Maccabees Dynasty
Revolt of the Maccabees and the Rise of the Hasmonean Dynasty (165–163 BC) Alexander the Great of Macedon
died in 323 B.C.E., marking the beginnings of a great political transition both in the region of Palestine as well as
the Macedonian Empire as a whole. While the nation of Israel experienced foreign dominance during the Persian
period (538–322 B.C.E.), Alexander's death brought a unique struggle for power in the region as his generals (the
Diadochi) attempted to maintain control of the fragmented empire. Ptolemy I Soter, a Macedonian general who
ruled in Egypt, defeated general Antigonus in 301 B.C.E, and as a result was given control of the region of
Palestine at the agreement of the Diadochi. Nevertheless, conflict arose between Ptolemy I Soter and Seleucus I
Nicator since the latter, a post–Alexander ruler of Syria, claimed the agreement between the Diadochi and Ptolemy
regarding Palestine was void. A series of military conflicts were then waged over control of the Palestine region for
the better part of a century, and yet the interior region was largely left unaffected, leaving Jerusalem to thrive both
financially and politically under Ptolemaic rule. The Seleucid king, Antiochus III the Great, ended the Seleucid–
Ptolemy conflict in 219 B.C.E., gaining decisive control of the region. Unfortunately for the Jews, Antiochus III
was defeated by the Romans at Magnesia in 190 B.C.E., and as a result, the Seleucids received a heavy taxation at
the hands of the Romans.

The Maccabean Revolt Against The Seleucid Empire
The Maccabean revolt was led by the Jewish/Maccabees against the Seleucid Empire. The revolt stated when the
Seleucid Emperor, Antiochus IV, issued a decree prohibiting the Jewish religion, in 168BC. This caused the
Maccabean revolt to start in 165BC, led by three brothers Judas, Jonathan, and Simon. Maccabean send embassy to
Rome in 163BC, they help to defeat the Seleucid Empire. This revolt continues until 142BC, when Simon assumes
the Maccabean leadership and gains independence for the Jewish and recaptures Jerusalem.
The Jewish needed to fight against the Seleucid Empire to stop and prevent the persecution of the Jewish people,
"if we do as our brethren have done, and fight not for our lives and laws against the heathen, they will now quickly

The Empire Of The Persian Empire
There are certain events that are significant enough to create a chain of events that end up resulting in a huge
change. The leader of the Persian realm named Cyrus was able to gain much territory after a ruler from Lydia
named Croesus attempted to provoke Cyrus. Winter was approaching and Croesus was expecting Cyrus to retreat
while he retreating back to his capital at Sardis. After, Cyrus was able to invade and take Sardis successfully. This
victory over Lydia was significant in aiding the development and expansion of the Persian empire. There were
important social, economic, and cultural implications due to the organization of classical Persian empire territories.
There was a rise and fall of the Persian empire, an imperial society ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cyrus was mortally wounded, which resulted in him unable to get to Egypt. Egypt at that time was the largest and
wealthiest state outside his control. Even though Cyrus did not live, his son Cambyses gained control of Egypt
while obtaining its wealth. Darius ruled after Cambyses and was one of the greatest Achaemenids. Darius
centralized his administration and built a capital with much magnificence at Persepolis. Later, Persepolis served as
the nerve center of the Persian Empire. Darius divided his territory into twenty–three administrative and taxation
districts or satrapies. The political stability of The Persian society made it possible for public projects. They were
able to increase agricultural production by constructing underground canals or qanat. The Achaemenids had a
difficult time with the Greeks. Alexander of Macedon conquered Persia with his military force having sophisticated
tactics.
After the Achaemenids, came the Seleucids, the Parthians, and the Sasanids. The Seleucids founded new cities that
later would stimulated trade and economic development. The Parthians were lords of an empire in Iran. The
Parthians did not have a centralized government; however, they did have a federation of leaders in councils. The
Parthians revolted against the Seleucid overlord. The Parthians ' greatest conqueror named Mithradates I came to
throne and transformed his state to an empire. The Parthians described themselves as enemies of the Seleucids. The
Sasanids were from

What Is The Vedic Age Essay
The Vedic age in India started around 1500 BC with the arrival of Aryans, an Indo–European tribe from central
Asia near the Caspian Sea. Aryans settled along the banks of the Indus and its tributaries in the northern part of the
subcontinent. Initially, it was a tribal society centred in northwest India and by 1000 BC, it spread along the
Gangetic plain with the development of modern agriculture. Aryans dominated the local indigenous population and
often ruled over them. Over time, the interbreeding with the local residents led to the emergence of mixed culture.
The Vedic age lasted from 1500 BC to 500 BC. Agriculture and cattle rearing were the main occupations of the
people. The Vedas and Upanishads were written during this period. The early Vedic beliefs formed the foundation
of Hinduism. People worshipped Gods such as Indra, Agni, Varuna, Vayu, Prajapati, Vishnu, Rudra, etc. The
society was divided into four castes based on the profession of the people; Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and
Shudras. Women had a respectable position in the society and they ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Pushyamitra Sunga, a Brahmin, established the Sunga Dynasty that ruled Magadha till 73 BC. He was hostile to
Buddhism and ordered the destruction of several Buddhist monasteries. There was a revival in Hinduism during
this brief period and the Sunga Dynasty made attempts to revive the caste system. The Sunga rulers believed in
Vedic sacrifices such as Asvamedha, Rajsuya and Vajpeiya. This period is known for developments in literature
and language as Patanjali, a renowned scholar, published a treatise on the rules of Sanskrit grammar. The Sunga
Empire collapsed in 73 BC, when its last ruler, Devabhuti was deposed by his minister, Vasudeva, who founded the
Kanva Dynasty. The Kanva dynasty ruled Magadha from 73 BC to 30 BC. There was high political instability in
India during this

The Maccabees Rebelled Against The Seleucid Empire
From 1000 B.C.E. to 100 C.E. the Jews generally did not have much power. Throughout this time period the Jews
were either attempting to gain power, under someone else's power, or losing their previously achieved status in
power. However, in defining power as military strength, the ability to maintain distinctiveness from other people,
or the ability to shape people's practices and beliefs, the amount of power the Jews had fluctuated slightly, but
mostly remained low.
If power is strictly define by military strength and presence, then the Jews had virtually no power during this time
period. Because the Jews were dominated by various empires they had no opportunity to build a strong military
force. The Jews' most notable military events was the Maccabean rebellion. The Maccabees rebelled against the
Seleucid Empire from 167 B.C.E to 160 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Paul was "a Hebrew born of Hebrews," who lived from 5 C.E. to 67 C.E. and became seen as a Jewish apostle for
the gentiles or non–Jews. Paul created a new subtype of Judaism known as Jesus following Jews. Even though Paul
strongly self identified as Jewish, he took it upon himself to spread the ways of Jesus to non Jews in attempt to
save everyone when the world ended. He went on missionary trips to and from Jerusalem, Cyprus, Galatia, and
Ephesus. Paul wrote that "There is no longer Jew or Greek... for all of you are one in Jesus Christ. And if you
belong to Christ, then you are Abraham's offspring," (Galatians 3:28–29). However, Paul's mission wasn't to spread
Judaism, it was to spread the ways of Jesus's life, so the Jewish people didn't have direct power to shape other's
beliefs. In examining power from different angles, it can be determined that although the Jews showed small bursts
of power between 1000 B.C.E and 100 C.E., they generally remained

The Syrian Wars
The Syrian Wars were one of the most devastating in the Hellenistic world; they changed the political and
economic landscape of the region permanently in a way that hadn 't happened since the conquests of Alexander.
These wars brought about the end of the Pharaohs, they allowed Rome to come and seize Egypt and Syria, and
Parthia to annex what was left of the Seleukid dynasty. The massive impact these wars had upon the Hellenic
world cannot be understated. Egypt would never rise to its former glory. It would become another province of
Rome, later to be held by the Byzantines, and then Fatimids, where it would not regain true independence until
1922, shaking itself from British colonial rule. It is a shame that these wars are not given the rigorous study that
they deserve. This paper aims to explore the Syrian Wars in three ways. It will begin with discussing how the death
of Alexander the Great and his inability to form a sustainable bureaucracy and a proper heir set the stage for his
generals to fight each other for his empire. It will focus upon the actions of Ptolemy and his successors, and their
role in the Syrian wars, and how Ptolemaic power declined as the wars raged on. It will conclude by explaining
how the aftermath of these wars lead to the demise of Ptolemaic power, and their eventual absorption into Rome.
Because of the length of the timeline that will be discussed here (this paper will attempt to describe 200 years of
history in under 15 pages), a narrative

Alexander the Great and his Great Empire Essay
Alexander the Great is remembered as a conquering man who built one of the largest empires. Some describe him
as a man with a vision of world harmony. Others see him as a blood thirsty man with a mental illness. One thing
that cannot be argued is that he and his empire are fascinating studies. From his rise to power to his mysterious
death is interesting, but even after he died the story is fascinating. Due to his death, his empire was divided and a
long power–struggle began starting with his generals. Each account has its own story of war and betrayal. These
days must have been hard for those in power; they never knew who they could trust. Only the ones who were
skilled in the strategy of war and ruthless enough to maintain their power ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Perdiccas would become Regent of all the empire and Meleager would be his lieutenant. However, Perdiccas had
Meleager arrested and murdered and took full control. The Generals of Alexander who supported Perdiccas were
given parts of the Empire in the partition of Babylon. This sparked later wars between them which are known as
the wars of the Diadochi (which means "successors"). Ten years earlier in 333 BC Alexander conquered Egypt and
was regarded by the people as a liberator or a deliverer. At this time he also established Alexandria which became
the capital of Egypt for many years. Alexander left Clemonenes of Naucratis as nomarch of the Arabian district of
Egypt. Clemones was a dishonest man who did anything for money. He cheated his own soldiers out of a month's
pay. He made money by taking advantage of the people and even used their superstitions to earn money at their
expense. He held his position until Ptolemy arrived in Egypt. Ptolemy was the son of Arsinoe of Macedon and his
father is unknown. Some ancients described him as an illegitimate son of Philip II of Macedon; if true this would
make him a half brother to Alexander the Great. He was one of Alexander's most trusted generals. He was also a
close friend since childhood.
After the death of Alexander, Ptolemy was appointed Satrap by Perdiccas during the partition of Babylon.
Clemonenes was left as hyparch under him. Ptolemy was not fond of Perdiccas; He later

Rel 1300 Essay
REL 1300 MWF 11:15–12:05 Final Exam: Apr 25, 2016 | 10:00AM–12:00PM
Study Guide
1. Which early theorist of religion said the following: "The criticism of religion disillusions man, so that he will
think, act, and fashion his reality like a man who has discarded his illusions and regained his senses, so that he will
move around himself as his own true sun"? 2. Which early theorist of religion proposed the concept of the
numinous? 3. What does Emile Durkheim say that religion essentially is? 4. In Eliade's model of the sacred and
profane, what does it mean for something to be profane? 5. What does Martin Ruel say about the concept of belief
in the study of religion? 6. Why does Catherine Bell suggest that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What is the Enuma Elish? 22. Which empire destroys the Jerusalem temple in 587/586 BCE and exiles the
society's elite? 23. What is an apocalypse? 24. What did the edict of Antiochus IV in 167 BCE do? 25. What are
the Deeds of the Divine Augustus? 26. What event prompted Saul to convert to Christianity and change his name
to Paul? 27. Historically, who was the first caliph to succeed the prophet Muhammad? 28. According to which
Islamic sect should the first caliph have been the cousin of Muhammad, Ali? 29. Which Muslim ruler oversaw the
construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem? 30. After the Qur'an, what is the most important book in
Islam? 31. What theoretical model did Maurice Halbwachs propose? 32. Which traditional Indian practice came
under fire by British colonialists and was outlawed only to later be reinstated because practitioners said it was a
religious practice? 33. Why does the Pramalai Kallar subcaste reimagine their origin story to say that the younger
brother of three, proud and independent, leaves his native home and searches for a new land in which to set up his
livelihood? 34. Which of the following is not one of the sights that the Buddha's parents wanted to prevent him
from seeing? 35. Which of the following is not one of the Four Noble Truths? 36. What does the N in the word
Tanakh represent? 37. Who initiated the Maccabean revolt by refusing to renounce his beliefs and

Essay On The Vedic Age
The Vedic age in India started around 1500 BC with the arrival of Aryans, an Indo–European tribe from central
Asia near the Caspian Sea. Aryans settled along the banks of the Indus and its tributaries in the northern part of the
subcontinent. Initially, it was a tribal society centered in northwest India and by 1000 BC, it spread along the
Gangetic plain with the development of modern agriculture. Aryans dominated the local indigenous population and
often ruled over them. Over time, the interbreeding with the local residents led to the emergence of mixed culture.
The Vedic age lasted from 1500 BC to 500 BC. Agriculture and cattle rearing were the main occupations of the
people. The Vedas and Upanishads were written during this period. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Buddhism emerged in the Magadha region of ancient India and rapidly became popular among the masses. It
opposed complex religious rituals and preached social equality. It spread rapidly in India with support from the
ruling class and also reached foreign countries such as China, Myanmar, Thailand, Japan and Sri Lanka. Buddhism
peaked in India around the 1st century AD and thereafter its ideas got absorbed into Hinduism. Buddhism almost
completely disappeared from India with the arrival of Islamic rule around 12th century AD. Jainism preached non–
violence and believed in austere practices and had huge support from the ruling class around 3rd and 4th century
BC. It was extremely popular in the merchant class and is still practised in parts of western India.
The rulers of the Nanda Empire had accumulated a huge amount of wealth due to exorbitant taxes and
consequently, became unpopular among the masses over time. In 326 BC, the northwest India was attacked by
Alexander the Great, the founder of the Macedonian Empire. Alexander faced stiff resistance from the then ruler of
Punjab, Porus. Alexander annexed Punjab after defeating Porus in a fierce

The Hellenistic Age And Classical Age
While discovering the Hellenistic Age, I learned about the history in Hellenistic civilization. Hellenism is the term
typically to describe the spread of culture from the Greek civilization that developed after the reign of Alexander
the Great. How does the Hellenistic Age differ from the Classical Age? The Classical Age, referred to as Hellenic
Greek, was founded in 507 B.C.E. and concluded in 323 B.C.E. The Hellenistic Age was founded in 323 B.C.E.
and concluded in 31 B.C.E. after the reign of Alexander the Great. The Classical Age was ruled by the Greek
civilization in Greek city states and their territories. The Hellenistic Age established a great deal in the culture and
Greek language around the places in Mediterranean, Middle East, Central and South Asia. There are three
categories in the Hellenistic Age: cultural, religious, and political/military. The three categories will present the
history to recognize how the people survived from the time of Hellenistic Age and Classical Age. The first category
of Hellenism is cultural. The culture of the Classical Age came from the Ancient Greek civilization. The Classical
cultural was isolated because it was not impacted by other civilization. The Classical cultural accomplished in
several areas such as political system, philosophy, and religious beliefs. The culture of the Hellenistic Age came
from the Greek civilization. They used the Greek language to spoke and wrote as their primary language during the
Hellenistic Age.

Intertestamental Paper
LIBERTY UNIVERSITY
THE INTERTESTAMENTAL PAPER
A PAPER SUBMITTED TO DR. CHARLES E. POWELL
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
THE COURSE NBST 525
LIBERTY THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY
BY
RICHARD ASOMANING
AUGUST 12TH 2012
Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................3
Grecian Period..............................................................................................4
Ptolemaic Period............................................................................................5
Seleucid Period..............................................................................................7
Maccabean Period..........................................................................................8
Hasmonean Period..........................................................................................9
Roman Period...............................................................................................10
Conclusion...................................................................................................12 ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Whenever his army marched into a land, it was not just an army of warriors; he brought an entourage of scholars to
spread the culture as well. Interspersed within the fighting battalions were architects, philosophers, scribes,
musicians, and educators whose whole duty was to spread the culture to those who were conquered. Some of these
strategies were the establishment of Greek cities, Greek schools (Gymnasia), and commanding the Greek language
as the official language for government and the de facto language for commerce. Many people began to give their
children Greek names, and local styles of art and architecture began to imitate Greek models. Even some of the

Jewish High Priests took Greek names. All of this was not a good turn of events for Israel since the Greek culture
was very ungodly and humanistic. Despite the bright and promising future ahead of him, Alexander met an
unexpected death in Babylon at the age of 32 and though one will like to believe that all that he stood for will now
be in vain, the case was not so but rather what he initiated had only just begun. After the death of Alexander his
field marshals struggled for dominion of the lands they had conquered.
Ptolemaic Period (198–167 BC)
After the death of Alexander was the appointment of his successor Ptolemy (one of Alexander commanders),
germinating conflict between four emerging generals.[7]

Bible: The Book of Daniel
The Book of Daniel is the only full–blown apocalyptic book in the Protestant recognized version of the Canon. A
literary device divides the book into two halves. Chapters 1–6 are a collection of stories that introduces the reader
to Daniel and three other Israelites as unwilling guests of the Babylonia Empire ruled by Nebuchadnezzar. The
second half, Chapters 7–12 consists of apocalyptic imagery of deformed beasts and the heavenly court. The focus
of this paper will be on chapter 7, which serves as a bridge of the two halves. Chapter 7 is the earliest of the visions
as it identifies with the genre of 8–12 while through language and content it reverts to Daniel chapter 2. The
linguistic break down is not as neat as the literary divide in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Of course, we read of the Daniel and his three companions endearing themselves to Nebuchadnezzar by
demonstrating a wisdom beyond that of the wise men surrounding the King. It perhaps says something about split
personality of the King in that although he ransacked the temple in Jerusalem, he was open to extending a great
deal of freedom and responsibility to the Israelites.
The second beast is a bear with three tusks in it's mouth is told to devour many bodies. It is not clear the source of
this command though it unlikely to have came from YHWH, but not impossible because we must remember the
Israelites are not completely innocent of disregarding the commands of the YHWH. Stephen Cook, in his book,
"The Apocalyptic Literature" warns readers about domesticating the Book of Daniel especially the symbols and
images. "In Daniel, the heavenly court is intimately engaged in the daily unfolding events of earthly geopolitics.
People and powers on earth do not act in autonomous isolation" (Cook, p. 127). Who stood up the lion–like beast
on two feet and gave it a human mind? Nevertheless, chaos is not without leadership

Expansion Of Rome Imperial Expansion
After the huge financial and human costs of the 2nd Punic War, Rome might easily have turned its attention
inward. Instead, in a move about which historians still debate, Rome turned to the east. They waded first into the
ancient morass of Greek politics that lurked across the Adriatic, and were then were drawn –seemingly inexorably–
ever further eastward through Asia Minor, and beyond. I intend to show that this expansion eastward was not
driven by any "top–down" imperial strategy on the part of Rome, but instead by its attempts to manage the never–
ending series of crises that arose from Rome's increasingly complicated and unpredictable relationships with other
players on the world stage. At the dawn of the 2nd century BC, Rome's objectives can be extrapolated from the
actions of the senate, the details of its diplomatic outreach in troublesome situations, and the treaties imposed on its
conquered enemies. In around 201 BC, Rome received a joint delegation from the Roman allies, Pergamum and
Rhodes. From these emissaries, the Senate learned of the insidious pact reached between Philip V of Macedon and
Antiochus III of the Seleucid Kingdom. In 200 BC, the Senate reached a rare unanimous consensus for war against
Macedon. The measure then went to the Consilium Plebis not once, but twice, before it could secure permission for
the war. This dogged persistence underlines just how seriously the Senate took the combined threat presented by an
alliance between the

Religion In The Sassanid Empire
Introduction Religion played an important role in Sassanid Empire, although the relationship between Sasanian
kings and religious practice was complex and inconsistent. It is not easy to uncover the actual role of religion in the
political culture in the Sassanid Empire. For instance, it is unclear whether it was theology that drove political
culture or politics influenced development of theology in order to suit in the interests of rulers. In the light of
evidence available in modern times, this paper seeks to investigate the nature of the role of Zoroastrianism and the
Zoroastrian priesthood in Sasanian political culture.
Zoroastrianism under the Sasanians (224 CE – 7th Century) The Sassanid society was highly stratified. At the top
were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Neighboring Faiths a Christian Introduction to World Religions. 2nd ed. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2012.
Print.
Dashti, Naseer. Baloch and Balochistan: A Historical Account from the Beginning to the Fall of the Baloch State.
S.l.: Trafford On Demand Pub, 2012. Print.
Johnston, Sarah Iles. Ancient Religions. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap of Harvard UP, 2007. Print.
Lockard, Craig A. Societies, Networks and Transitions: A Global History. Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2008.
Print.
Niaz, Ilhan. Old World Empires Cultures of Power and Governance in Eurasia. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis, 2014.
Print.
Ring, Trudy. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1994. Print.
Sivers, Peter, and Charles Desnoyers. Patterns of World History. New York: Oxford UP, 2012. Print.
West, Barbara A. Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania. New York: Facts On File, 2009.

A Modern Equivalent Of Nimrod 's Tower
The next clause says, "a god his fathers never knew". This god will accomplish what Nimrod tried and failed to do;
that others previously had just imagined. This "god" will be a newly created wedding between the modern world's
technological ingenuity and the demonic realm. The Pyramid's Capstone is simply a modern equivalent of
Nimrod's Tower. The devil has tried since the beginning of man to put this in place. That is why you see so many
men in history such as Nero and Hitler, who are types of antichrists, and why John, the beloved wrote, "it is the last
hour; and just as you heard that Antichrist is coming, even now many antichrists have appeared" (1 John 2:18).
This time, God will allow these powers to unite. Satan is the god of this worldly system and humanism is its
philosophy. Humanist mankind will unite with Satan's fallen angels and together they will do battle with God and
his "holy ones", both holy angels and redeemed mankind.
This plan goes all the way back to when the serpent seduced Eve the Garden of Eden. He questioned what God
said, putting doubts in Eve's mind saying, "Did God say...?" The serpent went on to say, "You surely will not die!
For God knows that in the day you eat from it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good
and evil." (Genesis 3:5). Satan in the form of the serpent questioned God's integrity and promised enlightenment to
Eve; that her eyes would be opened. This is the lie. This is the same lie referenced in 2

The Punic Wars In Ancient Rome

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The Punic Wars In Ancient Rome