The respiratory system
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The respiratory system consists of organs and structures involved in gas exchange. Its main functions are to provide oxygen to cells and remove carbon dioxide. Key organs include the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm and lungs. Gas exchange occurs in alveoli surrounded by capillaries. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma are conditions where airflow from the lungs is obstructed, causing symptoms like breathing difficulty, coughing and wheezing.
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The respiratory system
- 2. 2 Nasal Cavity Nose Mouth Bronchus Bronchiole Alveolus Diaphragm Throat (pharynx) Windpipe (Trachea) Left lungs Ribs OUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Nasal Cavity Nose Mouth Bronchus Bronchiole Alveolus Diaphragm Throat (pharynx) Windpipe (Trachea) Left lungs Ribs
- 3. The Respiratory System • The system of organs and structures in which gas exchange takes place, consisting of the lungs and airways in air-breathing vertebrates, gills in fish and many invertebrates, the outer covering of the body in worms, and specialized air ducts in insects.
- 4. Purpose of the respiratory system • To provide a constant supply of oxygen to keep your body cells functioning • To remove carbon dioxide from the body cells • the system by which oxygen is taken into the body and an exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place
- 5. Organs of the respiratory system • Nose / mouth • Nasal cavity • Pharynx • Epiglottis • Larynx • Trachea • Trachea • Bronchus (bronchi) • Bronchioles • Alveoli • Pleura • Diaphragm Lungs
- 7. Mouth & Nose • Brings air into the body • Nasal hairs in nostrils trap dust
- 8. Nasal cavity • Warms & moistens air • Glands that produce sticky mucus line the nasal cavity – traps dust, pollen, and other materials that were not trapped by nasal hairs – cilia sweep mucus and trapped material to the back of the throat where it can be swallowed
- 9. Pharynx • Tube-like passage way used by food, liquid, and air • At the lower end of the pharynx is a flap of tissue called the epiglottis – covers the trachea during swallowing so that food does not enter the lungs
- 10. Larynx • “Voice box” • The airway to which two pairs of horizontal folds of tissue, called vocal cords, are attached
- 11. Trachea • Air-conducting tube • Connects the larynx with the bronchi • Lined with mucous membranes and cilia • Contains strong cartilage rings
- 12. Bronchi • Two short tubes that branch off the lower end of the trachea • Carry air into the lungs. • Singular - bronchus
- 14. Bronchioles • Tiny branches of air tubes in the lungs • Connect bronchi to alveoli
- 15. Alveoli • Tiny, thin-walled, grapelike clusters at the end of each bronchiole • Surrounded by capillaries • Where carbon dioxide and oxygen exchange take place • Singular - alveolus
- 16. http://mhln.com
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- 20. Pleura • Membrane lining the lungs and chest cavity
- 21. Diaphragm • Muscle wall between the chest and the abdomen that the body uses for breathing
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- 23. Relationship to digestive system • Cellular respiration requires glucose and oxygen to release energy to the body • C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy • Oxygen is provided by the respiratory system • Glucose is provided by the digestive system • (glucose is made during photosynthesis)
- 25. THE NEED TO BREATHE • We breathe, without being normally aware of it, around That is, in each minute we inhale and exhale 18 times. Our each inhalation and exhalation (or inspiration and expiration) is effortless since the air does not find any obstruction while going in or while coming out. • You know, of course, as to why do we breathe at all;
- 26. • COPD • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs.
- 27. • Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions that contribute to COPD 1.Chronic bronchitis is inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs. It's characterized by daily cough and mucus (sputum) production.
- 28. 2. Emphysema is a condition in which the alveoli at the end of the smallest air passages (bronchioles) of the lungs are destroyed as a result of damaging exposure to cigarette smoke and other irritating gases and particulate matter.
- 29. Symptoms (COPD)include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production and wheezing. • It's caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from cigarette smoke.
- 30. ASTHMA • Asthma is a condition in which our airways narrow and swell and produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath
- 31. Asthma signs and symptoms include :Shortness of breath Chest tightness or pain Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing or wheezing A whistling or wheezing sound when exhaling (wheezing is a common sign of asthma in children) Coughing or wheezing attacks that are worsened by a respiratory virus, such as a cold or the flu Signs that your asthma is probably worsening include: Asthma signs and symptoms that are more frequent and bothersome Increasing difficulty breathing (measurable with a peak flow meter, a device used to check how well your lungs are working) The need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often
- 32. • For some people, asthma signs and symptoms flare up in certain situations: • Exercise-induced asthma, which may be worse when the air is cold and dry • Occupational asthma, triggered by workplace irritants such as chemical fumes, gases or dust • Allergy-induced asthma, triggered by airborne substances, such as pollen, mold spores, cockroach waste or particles of skin and dried saliva shed by pets (pet dander)