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The river valley civilizations.pptx

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The document provides information about the Indus Valley Civilization. It summarizes that Harappa was one of the oldest cities discovered dating back 4500 years ago. It then lists the main sites of the Indus Valley Civilization across India and Pakistan. It describes the grid pattern layout and advanced drainage system of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. The document outlines the occupations of the Indus Valley people, including agriculture of crops like wheat and barley, domestication of animals, crafts like metalworking and pottery, and trade within the region and as far as Mesopotamia and other areas.

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z The RIVER VALLEY CIVILIZATION HISTORY CH-4 YASASWI SRIKARI - VI A
z Harappa was one of the oldest cities discovered by archaeologists. Harappa cities developed about 4500 years ago. Although Harappa was the first site to be discovered it lay in ruins. Enrich Your Knowledge
z DISCOVERY AND EXTENT  IN 1921 an Indian archaeologist, Mr. Daya Ram Shani, discovered the ruins of the city of Harappa. In 1922 Dr Rakhal Das Banerjee discovered the ruins of Mohenjo-Daro.
z Main Sites S.NO Sites Location 1 Lothal Gujarat 2 Kalibangan Rajasthan 3 Banawali Haryana 4 Sutkagendor Pakistan 5 Alamgirpur Uttar Pradesh 6 Dholavira Gujrat
z Town planning  salient features of the town planning in Indus Valley Civilization. • Grid Pattern. Harappa and Mohan-Jo-Daro were laid out on a grid pattern and had provisions for an advanced drainage system • City Walls • The acropolis and the lower cities • The Residential Buildings • In-house wells • Drainage System • Granaries etc.
z
z Occupation • Agriculture: Agriculture was the main occupation of the Indus Valley people. Crops such as wheat, barley, peas and bananas were raised • Domestication of Animals: The people of Harappa domesticated animals like oxen, buffaloes, pigs, goats and sheep. • Camels and asses were used as means of transport. Dogs and cats were kept as pets. The humped bull was considered a great asset in the farming community. Crafts The discovery of spindles at the sites of Harappan culture shows that the people used to spin and weave. • Goldsmiths made jewellery of gold, silver and precious stones. People were also engaged in brick-laying and in the art of sculpture. The making of seals was developed during this period. Bronze-smiths made various types of weapons and tools such as knives, spears, saws and axes which were used in daily life. • Trade: Traders carried on trade in the country as well as with other countries like Egypt, Babylon and Afghanistan. Many seals of Harappa found in Mesopotamia show that trade existed between the two countries. The seals were made of terracotta and were used by merchants to stamp their goods.
z Occupation
z Dress and Ornaments
The river valley civilizations.pptx

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The river valley civilizations.pptx

  • 1. z The RIVER VALLEY CIVILIZATION HISTORY CH-4 YASASWI SRIKARI - VI A
  • 2. z Harappa was one of the oldest cities discovered by archaeologists. Harappa cities developed about 4500 years ago. Although Harappa was the first site to be discovered it lay in ruins. Enrich Your Knowledge
  • 3. z DISCOVERY AND EXTENT  IN 1921 an Indian archaeologist, Mr. Daya Ram Shani, discovered the ruins of the city of Harappa. In 1922 Dr Rakhal Das Banerjee discovered the ruins of Mohenjo-Daro.
  • 4. z Main Sites S.NO Sites Location 1 Lothal Gujarat 2 Kalibangan Rajasthan 3 Banawali Haryana 4 Sutkagendor Pakistan 5 Alamgirpur Uttar Pradesh 6 Dholavira Gujrat
  • 5. z Town planning  salient features of the town planning in Indus Valley Civilization. • Grid Pattern. Harappa and Mohan-Jo-Daro were laid out on a grid pattern and had provisions for an advanced drainage system • City Walls • The acropolis and the lower cities • The Residential Buildings • In-house wells • Drainage System • Granaries etc.
  • 6. z
  • 7. z Occupation • Agriculture: Agriculture was the main occupation of the Indus Valley people. Crops such as wheat, barley, peas and bananas were raised • Domestication of Animals: The people of Harappa domesticated animals like oxen, buffaloes, pigs, goats and sheep. • Camels and asses were used as means of transport. Dogs and cats were kept as pets. The humped bull was considered a great asset in the farming community. Crafts The discovery of spindles at the sites of Harappan culture shows that the people used to spin and weave. • Goldsmiths made jewellery of gold, silver and precious stones. People were also engaged in brick-laying and in the art of sculpture. The making of seals was developed during this period. Bronze-smiths made various types of weapons and tools such as knives, spears, saws and axes which were used in daily life. • Trade: Traders carried on trade in the country as well as with other countries like Egypt, Babylon and Afghanistan. Many seals of Harappa found in Mesopotamia show that trade existed between the two countries. The seals were made of terracotta and were used by merchants to stamp their goods.