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Unit 1 notes 3

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Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel Uncle Tom's Cabin increased abolitionist protests by vividly depicting the moral evil of slavery, and Lincoln later credited it with starting the Civil War. The 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act established popular sovereignty for deciding if new states allowed slavery, fueling violence as pro- and anti-slavery settlers fought for control, with over 200 deaths. Tensions rose further as the Pottawatomie Massacre and caning of Senator Sumner polarized sections. New political parties emerged divided over slavery and immigration.

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Unit 1- Slavery and the Nation Divided
 I. Uncle Tom’s Cabin- Influential novel published by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852 (instant best seller)  It protested the moral evil of slavery  Abolitionist protests increased
 According to legend, when Abraham Lincoln met Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1862 he said, "So you're the little woman who wrote the book that started this Great War!"
II. Bleeding Kansas- Name given to the state for all of the violence  A. Kansas- Nebraska Act- pushed by Stephen Douglass in 1854, Kansas would use popular sovereignty to decide whether slavery would be legal or outlawed
 B. Bleeding Kansas- The race was on for Kansas as pro and antislavery people attempted to populate the state to win the election  “Border Ruffians” from the slave state of Missouri crossed into Kansas with guns drawn and voted illegally for slavery  Slavery became legal
 C. Sack of Lawrence- Proslavery grand jury said that the people of Lawrence, an antislavery town, should be arrested as traitors  Posse of 800 men burned down the town and headquarters
 D. The Pottawatomie Massacre- John Brown believed that God had called him to fight slavery  He thought that 5 men had been killed in the Sack of Lawrence  He and his followers pulled 5 proslavery men from their beds, cut off their hands, and stabbed them to death  Brown fled Kansas, but violence erupted as over 200 people were killed
 E. Violence in the Senate- MA Senator Charles Sumner delivered a speech called “The Crime Against Kansas”  Verbally attacked proslavery Senators, especially SC Senator Andrew P. Butler  Butler’s nephew, Congressman Preston S. Brooks, walked into the Senate and struck Sumner on the head with his cane until it broke
III. New Political Parties Emerge
Political Party What it stood for Know-Nothing Party Nativism: favored native born Americans (Anti-Immigrant) Extend time for citizenship Slavery? Not a concern Liberty Party Favored the Abolitionist Party Radical Free-Soil Party Against extending slavery out west! Felt slaves were competition for whites Republican Party Whigs joined them! Against slavery out west…less radical. Slavery okay in the south

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Unit 1 notes 3

  • 1. Unit 1- Slavery and the Nation Divided
  • 2.  I. Uncle Tom’s Cabin- Influential novel published by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852 (instant best seller)  It protested the moral evil of slavery  Abolitionist protests increased
  • 3.  According to legend, when Abraham Lincoln met Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1862 he said, "So you're the little woman who wrote the book that started this Great War!"
  • 4. II. Bleeding Kansas- Name given to the state for all of the violence  A. Kansas- Nebraska Act- pushed by Stephen Douglass in 1854, Kansas would use popular sovereignty to decide whether slavery would be legal or outlawed
  • 5.  B. Bleeding Kansas- The race was on for Kansas as pro and antislavery people attempted to populate the state to win the election  “Border Ruffians” from the slave state of Missouri crossed into Kansas with guns drawn and voted illegally for slavery  Slavery became legal
  • 6.  C. Sack of Lawrence- Proslavery grand jury said that the people of Lawrence, an antislavery town, should be arrested as traitors  Posse of 800 men burned down the town and headquarters
  • 7.  D. The Pottawatomie Massacre- John Brown believed that God had called him to fight slavery  He thought that 5 men had been killed in the Sack of Lawrence  He and his followers pulled 5 proslavery men from their beds, cut off their hands, and stabbed them to death  Brown fled Kansas, but violence erupted as over 200 people were killed
  • 8.  E. Violence in the Senate- MA Senator Charles Sumner delivered a speech called “The Crime Against Kansas”  Verbally attacked proslavery Senators, especially SC Senator Andrew P. Butler  Butler’s nephew, Congressman Preston S. Brooks, walked into the Senate and struck Sumner on the head with his cane until it broke
  • 9. III. New Political Parties Emerge
  • 10. Political Party What it stood for Know-Nothing Party Nativism: favored native born Americans (Anti-Immigrant) Extend time for citizenship Slavery? Not a concern Liberty Party Favored the Abolitionist Party Radical Free-Soil Party Against extending slavery out west! Felt slaves were competition for whites Republican Party Whigs joined them! Against slavery out west…less radical. Slavery okay in the south