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Vectors and Rasters

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Jessica Meyer
Jessica Meyer

Vector data stores individual map features with high precision and has a linked attribute table for storing metadata. It is well-suited for mapmaking but poorly suited for storing continuously varying surfaces like elevation. Raster data stores information as a grid of cells, each with a single value, making it ideal for representing continuously varying data but with less precision. Some types of analysis are faster with rasters due to more developed analysis tools, while others are faster with vectors.

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Vectors and Rasters
Benefits of Vector Data Vector Model can store individual features such as roads and parcels with a high degree of precision
Benefits of Vector Data Vector Model’s linked attribute table provides great flexibility in the number and type of attributes which can be stored about each feature
Benefits of Vector Data The vector model is ideally suited to mapmaking because of the high precision and detail of features which can be obtained
Benefits of Vector Data Vector data is a compact way of storing data, typically requiring 1/10 th of the space of a raster with similar information
Benefits of Vector Data Projection of vectors from one coordinate system to another is faster than rasters
Benefits of Vector Data Vector model is ideally suited to certain types of analysis problems, such as determining perimeters and area detecting adjacency of features, and modeling flow through networks
Drawbacks of Vector Data Vector data is poorly adapted to storing continuously varying surfaces like elevation or precipitation
Drawbacks of Vector Data It is difficult to calculate information from contours such as slope, flow direction, and aspect with vector data
Drawbacks of Vector Data Some types of analysis take longer to perform with vectors
Benefits of Raster Data Raster data is ideal for storing continuously and rapidly changing discontinuous information because each cell can have a value completely different from its neighbors
Benefits of Raster Data Many analyses are simple and fast to perform and an extensive set of analysis tools for rasters far outstrips those available for vectors
Benefits of Raster Data Raster data has access to an analysis method called map algebra, in which maps can be used as apart of algebraic expressions
Drawbacks of Raster Data Raster data suffer from trade-offs between precision and storage space to a greater extent than vectors do If rasters are very precise they need to take up a large amount of storage space.
Drawbacks of Raster Data Raster data has a poor ability to store attributes Raster file is an array of cells with numeric values and each cell has only one value To store both geology and infiltration values for an area requires storing two separate rasters
GO PLAY Practice these vocabulary with Purpose Games “Price Ch1 V vs R” found here: http://www.purposegames.com/game/95fbfac383/info
SOURCE All this vocabulary comes from: Price, Maribeth. Mastering ArcGIS. McGraw-Hill; 3 edition. 2007.

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Vectors and Rasters

  • 2. Benefits of Vector Data Vector Model can store individual features such as roads and parcels with a high degree of precision
  • 3. Benefits of Vector Data Vector Model’s linked attribute table provides great flexibility in the number and type of attributes which can be stored about each feature
  • 4. Benefits of Vector Data The vector model is ideally suited to mapmaking because of the high precision and detail of features which can be obtained
  • 5. Benefits of Vector Data Vector data is a compact way of storing data, typically requiring 1/10 th of the space of a raster with similar information
  • 6. Benefits of Vector Data Projection of vectors from one coordinate system to another is faster than rasters
  • 7. Benefits of Vector Data Vector model is ideally suited to certain types of analysis problems, such as determining perimeters and area detecting adjacency of features, and modeling flow through networks
  • 8. Drawbacks of Vector Data Vector data is poorly adapted to storing continuously varying surfaces like elevation or precipitation
  • 9. Drawbacks of Vector Data It is difficult to calculate information from contours such as slope, flow direction, and aspect with vector data
  • 10. Drawbacks of Vector Data Some types of analysis take longer to perform with vectors
  • 11. Benefits of Raster Data Raster data is ideal for storing continuously and rapidly changing discontinuous information because each cell can have a value completely different from its neighbors
  • 12. Benefits of Raster Data Many analyses are simple and fast to perform and an extensive set of analysis tools for rasters far outstrips those available for vectors
  • 13. Benefits of Raster Data Raster data has access to an analysis method called map algebra, in which maps can be used as apart of algebraic expressions
  • 14. Drawbacks of Raster Data Raster data suffer from trade-offs between precision and storage space to a greater extent than vectors do If rasters are very precise they need to take up a large amount of storage space.
  • 15. Drawbacks of Raster Data Raster data has a poor ability to store attributes Raster file is an array of cells with numeric values and each cell has only one value To store both geology and infiltration values for an area requires storing two separate rasters
  • 16. GO PLAY Practice these vocabulary with Purpose Games “Price Ch1 V vs R” found here: http://www.purposegames.com/game/95fbfac383/info
  • 17. SOURCE All this vocabulary comes from: Price, Maribeth. Mastering ArcGIS. McGraw-Hill; 3 edition. 2007.