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Virtualization

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Kingston Smiler
Kingston Smiler

Virtualization Concepts This document discusses various types of virtualization including server, storage, network, and application virtualization. It begins with defining virtualization as creating virtual versions of hardware platforms, operating systems, storage devices, and network resources. Server virtualization partitions physical servers into multiple virtual servers. Storage virtualization pools physical storage to appear as a single device. Network virtualization combines network resources into software-defined logical networks. Application virtualization encapsulates programs from the underlying OS. The document then covers the history of virtualization in mainframes and personal computers and dives deeper into specific virtualization types.

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Virtualization Concepts Kingston Smiler. S (kingstonsmiler@gmail.com)
About Me Author •“OpenFlow CookBook”, which is one of the recognized study material by ONF (Open Networking Foundation) •Learning CoreOS •1 RFC & 2 IETF Drafts in MPLS and TRILL WG •Frequent Presenter in various networking Forums •Trainer of SDN, NFV and Network Virtualization Concepts Experience •14+ years of Industry Experience •6+ years of experience in SDN, NFV and OpenFlow •Working as a pre-sales consultant and product manager •Having Work Experience in all the three commercial L2, L3 networking stack (IPInfusion ZebOS, Aricent ISS, MetaSwitch L2,L3 and MPLS stack)
Virtualization Concepts
Session 1: Agenda What is Virtualization? Enablers & Need for Virtualization Does Virtualization a new concept? Virtualization in various domains Different types of Virtualization Server Virtualization Hypervisors
What is Virtualization? Server Storage Network Wikipedia Definition Refers to the act of creating a virtual version of something Something can either be hardware platform, operating system, storage devices, compute / network resources Typically applicable for compute, storage & networking Concept of Virtualization exists from the very beginning of computer technology
Does Virtualization new concept? Server Virtualization – Mainframes Storage or Memory Virtualization - Virtual Memory Network Virtualization - Virtual LAN (VLAN) Service Virtualization (Java Virtual Machine)
Virtualization Methodologies Split & Partitioning Clustering Mapping
Server Virtualization
Server Virtualization Wikipedia Definition Partitioning of physical server into number of small virtual servers Uses Virtualization Software and hardware virtualization techniques In most cases the servers are not utilized fully which results in inefficient usage
Why Server Virtualization Less Resource Utilization High Cost Power Consumption Server Downtime High Infrastructure
History of Server Virtualization IBM Mainframes with Virtualization Evolution of Personal Computers (1990s) Back to virtualization to reduce Capex and Opex (2000s) 1970s 1990s 2000s
IBM Mainframes IBM CP-67 (Mid 1960s) First Virtualized IBM Mainframe Server Split the computer into multiple virtual machines Different “tasks” can be run separately and independently on the same mainframe If one virtual machine or “task” has a problem, other virtual machines are unaffected
Personal Computer Evolution • Introduction of Intel/AMD servers (x86 architecture) • Each PC/server runs its own OS (Windows / Unix) and runs application. • Best approach for personal computers. • For server and IT infrastructure brings overhead while going for massive scale. • Typically in IT and infrastructure deployment one server runs one application (Email Server, Application Server, DB Server etc) File Server Web Server File Server Web Server File Server Domain Server App Server DNS Server Each Server Running 1 Application
Server Virtualization
Physical Server vs Virtual Server
Storage Virtualization
What is Storage Virtualization? Wikipedia Definition Pooling of physical storage from multiple storage devices to appear as single device managed by single entity Enables better functionality and more advanced features in computer data storage systems Helps the storage administrator to perform the tasks of backup, archiving, and recovery more easily Storage Virtualization can be provided using software, hardware and combination of both
What is Storage Virtualization?
History of Storage Virtualization 1970s 1990s 2000s OS takes the individual disks and create local volumes within a logical volume manager (LVM) Evolution of RAID Arrays in 1990s Evolution of SAN
Why Storage Virtualization? Efficient, Flexible and Scalable usage of storage disks Stable, recoverable and highly available solution for storage medium. Remove hardwire connection between storage hardware and the processor
Classifications of Storage Virtualization? Storage Virtualization Block Level Host Based Storage Device Based Network Based File Level Host Based Storage Device Based Network Based
Block Level Vs File Level Block Vs File Level Block Level: storage capacity is made available to the operating system or the applications in the form of virtual disks File Level: Virtualization entity provides virtual storage to the OS or applications in the form of files or directories
Host Based Virtualization Host Based Virtualization provided by additional software running (Volume Manager) directly in the host machine Volume Manager intercepts the I/O request and provides metadata lookup and I/O mapping OS can also provide this service Examples are LDM in Windows, LVM in Linux and ZFS’s Z-Pool in Solaris
Storage Device Based Virtualization Storage Device Based Virtualization provided in storage devices is found within intelligent disk subsystems The storage systems make their storage available to servers through various I/O channels by means of LUN masking and RAID
Network Based Virtualization Network Based Two Models: Out-of-band and In-Band In-band implementations uses controller between users and physical storage (SAN) and deliver all storage requests and data through that controller Out-of-band products set up a metadata controller on the network that remapped storage requests to physical locations, but didn’t deal with the actual data
Virtual Machine & Virtual Storage • VM Migration • Easily Manageable Disaster Recovery • High Availability of both Virtual Machine and Storage • Easy Server Upgrades • Easy recovery of Virtual Machine Images • Server Virtualization really calls for a virtualization in the storage space with centralized management.
Application/Service Virtualization
What is Service Virtualization? Application Operating System Hardware Server Virtualization Application Virtualization Physical Server Service Virtualization Software technology that encapsulates computer programs from the underlying operating system on which it is executed The application behaves at runtime like it is directly interfacing with the original operating system, but can be isolated or sandboxed to varying degrees
Why Application Virtualization? Increased Performance Easy Upgrades and Installation On Demand Delivery of Applications Applications need not be installed in all server
Server & Application Virtualization Hyper Visor Hardware APP1 Operating System App Virtualization Sandbox APP2 APP1 Operating System App Virtualization Sandbox APP2
Network Virtualization
32 What is Network Virtualization?
What is Network Virtualization? Network Virtualization Combining hardware and software network resources and network functionality into a single, software-based administrative entity, a virtual network Process of segregating the user traffic from one group of user is getting forwarded into the same group of user without any logical isolation of the network infrastructure Examples are VLAN in layer2 MPLs L2VPN, L3VPN Process of splitting the physical network entities like Switches, Routers, Firewall etc into multiple logical network entities for isolating the user traffic from different instances Examples are VTN using OVS VTN using ODL etc
Introduction • Process of segregating the user traffic from one group of user is getting forwarded into the same group of user without any logical isolation of the network infrastructure • Example VLAN, VRF etc Definition 1 • Process of splitting the physical network entities like Switches, Routers, Firewall etc into multiple logical network entities for isolating the user traffic from different instances • Example VTN Definition 2
Classifications of Network Virtualization Network Virtualization Device Level Virtual Interface NIC TUN/TAP Interface Bridge, OVS Virtual Router Network Level Network Slicing / VTN Packet Level VLAN 802.1X 802.1AD MPLS VPN L2VPN L3VPN Interface Level VRF-lite OpenFlow SIN
In-Device Virtualization  In-Device Network Virtualization  vNIC  vBridge  OVS  TUN/TAP
Packet Level Virtualization  The packet carries information related to a set of user for isolation network traffic.  Example is VLAN, L2VPN, L3PVN etc  In VLAN case, the packet will carry the VLAN tag which is used to limit the broadcast domain of a switch / bridge  The traffic which is flowing from a user from one VLAN will not be forwarded to other VLAN
Interface Level Virtualization  In this case the traffic isolation is provided by assigning set of ports or interface to a particular customer.  The packets from these ports will be only forwarded to the interface which is part of the same VRF.  Very good example is VRF- lite
Network Level Virtualization  In Network Level Virtualization, the entire physical network is sliced into multiple logical networks each assigning to a customer / group of customer.  This kind of network is termed as virtual tenant network (VTN) The network slices are mapped to a customer / tenant and hence termed as VTN
Virtual Machine, Virtual Storage & Virtual Network Service Virtualization Server Virtualization Network Virtualization Storage Virtualization
Thank you kingstonsmiler@gmail.com

More Related Content

Virtualization

  • 1. Virtualization Concepts Kingston Smiler. S (kingstonsmiler@gmail.com)
  • 2. About Me Author •“OpenFlow CookBook”, which is one of the recognized study material by ONF (Open Networking Foundation) •Learning CoreOS •1 RFC & 2 IETF Drafts in MPLS and TRILL WG •Frequent Presenter in various networking Forums •Trainer of SDN, NFV and Network Virtualization Concepts Experience •14+ years of Industry Experience •6+ years of experience in SDN, NFV and OpenFlow •Working as a pre-sales consultant and product manager •Having Work Experience in all the three commercial L2, L3 networking stack (IPInfusion ZebOS, Aricent ISS, MetaSwitch L2,L3 and MPLS stack)
  • 4. Session 1: Agenda What is Virtualization? Enablers & Need for Virtualization Does Virtualization a new concept? Virtualization in various domains Different types of Virtualization Server Virtualization Hypervisors
  • 5. What is Virtualization? Server Storage Network Wikipedia Definition Refers to the act of creating a virtual version of something Something can either be hardware platform, operating system, storage devices, compute / network resources Typically applicable for compute, storage & networking Concept of Virtualization exists from the very beginning of computer technology
  • 6. Does Virtualization new concept? Server Virtualization – Mainframes Storage or Memory Virtualization - Virtual Memory Network Virtualization - Virtual LAN (VLAN) Service Virtualization (Java Virtual Machine)
  • 9. Server Virtualization Wikipedia Definition Partitioning of physical server into number of small virtual servers Uses Virtualization Software and hardware virtualization techniques In most cases the servers are not utilized fully which results in inefficient usage
  • 10. Why Server Virtualization Less Resource Utilization High Cost Power Consumption Server Downtime High Infrastructure
  • 11. History of Server Virtualization IBM Mainframes with Virtualization Evolution of Personal Computers (1990s) Back to virtualization to reduce Capex and Opex (2000s) 1970s 1990s 2000s
  • 12. IBM Mainframes IBM CP-67 (Mid 1960s) First Virtualized IBM Mainframe Server Split the computer into multiple virtual machines Different “tasks” can be run separately and independently on the same mainframe If one virtual machine or “task” has a problem, other virtual machines are unaffected
  • 13. Personal Computer Evolution • Introduction of Intel/AMD servers (x86 architecture) • Each PC/server runs its own OS (Windows / Unix) and runs application. • Best approach for personal computers. • For server and IT infrastructure brings overhead while going for massive scale. • Typically in IT and infrastructure deployment one server runs one application (Email Server, Application Server, DB Server etc) File Server Web Server File Server Web Server File Server Domain Server App Server DNS Server Each Server Running 1 Application
  • 15. Physical Server vs Virtual Server
  • 17. What is Storage Virtualization? Wikipedia Definition Pooling of physical storage from multiple storage devices to appear as single device managed by single entity Enables better functionality and more advanced features in computer data storage systems Helps the storage administrator to perform the tasks of backup, archiving, and recovery more easily Storage Virtualization can be provided using software, hardware and combination of both
  • 18. What is Storage Virtualization?
  • 19. History of Storage Virtualization 1970s 1990s 2000s OS takes the individual disks and create local volumes within a logical volume manager (LVM) Evolution of RAID Arrays in 1990s Evolution of SAN
  • 20. Why Storage Virtualization? Efficient, Flexible and Scalable usage of storage disks Stable, recoverable and highly available solution for storage medium. Remove hardwire connection between storage hardware and the processor
  • 21. Classifications of Storage Virtualization? Storage Virtualization Block Level Host Based Storage Device Based Network Based File Level Host Based Storage Device Based Network Based
  • 22. Block Level Vs File Level Block Vs File Level Block Level: storage capacity is made available to the operating system or the applications in the form of virtual disks File Level: Virtualization entity provides virtual storage to the OS or applications in the form of files or directories
  • 23. Host Based Virtualization Host Based Virtualization provided by additional software running (Volume Manager) directly in the host machine Volume Manager intercepts the I/O request and provides metadata lookup and I/O mapping OS can also provide this service Examples are LDM in Windows, LVM in Linux and ZFS’s Z-Pool in Solaris
  • 24. Storage Device Based Virtualization Storage Device Based Virtualization provided in storage devices is found within intelligent disk subsystems The storage systems make their storage available to servers through various I/O channels by means of LUN masking and RAID
  • 25. Network Based Virtualization Network Based Two Models: Out-of-band and In-Band In-band implementations uses controller between users and physical storage (SAN) and deliver all storage requests and data through that controller Out-of-band products set up a metadata controller on the network that remapped storage requests to physical locations, but didn’t deal with the actual data
  • 26. Virtual Machine & Virtual Storage • VM Migration • Easily Manageable Disaster Recovery • High Availability of both Virtual Machine and Storage • Easy Server Upgrades • Easy recovery of Virtual Machine Images • Server Virtualization really calls for a virtualization in the storage space with centralized management.
  • 28. What is Service Virtualization? Application Operating System Hardware Server Virtualization Application Virtualization Physical Server Service Virtualization Software technology that encapsulates computer programs from the underlying operating system on which it is executed The application behaves at runtime like it is directly interfacing with the original operating system, but can be isolated or sandboxed to varying degrees
  • 29. Why Application Virtualization? Increased Performance Easy Upgrades and Installation On Demand Delivery of Applications Applications need not be installed in all server
  • 30. Server & Application Virtualization Hyper Visor Hardware APP1 Operating System App Virtualization Sandbox APP2 APP1 Operating System App Virtualization Sandbox APP2
  • 32. 32 What is Network Virtualization?
  • 33. What is Network Virtualization? Network Virtualization Combining hardware and software network resources and network functionality into a single, software-based administrative entity, a virtual network Process of segregating the user traffic from one group of user is getting forwarded into the same group of user without any logical isolation of the network infrastructure Examples are VLAN in layer2 MPLs L2VPN, L3VPN Process of splitting the physical network entities like Switches, Routers, Firewall etc into multiple logical network entities for isolating the user traffic from different instances Examples are VTN using OVS VTN using ODL etc
  • 34. Introduction • Process of segregating the user traffic from one group of user is getting forwarded into the same group of user without any logical isolation of the network infrastructure • Example VLAN, VRF etc Definition 1 • Process of splitting the physical network entities like Switches, Routers, Firewall etc into multiple logical network entities for isolating the user traffic from different instances • Example VTN Definition 2
  • 35. Classifications of Network Virtualization Network Virtualization Device Level Virtual Interface NIC TUN/TAP Interface Bridge, OVS Virtual Router Network Level Network Slicing / VTN Packet Level VLAN 802.1X 802.1AD MPLS VPN L2VPN L3VPN Interface Level VRF-lite OpenFlow SIN
  • 36. In-Device Virtualization  In-Device Network Virtualization  vNIC  vBridge  OVS  TUN/TAP
  • 37. Packet Level Virtualization  The packet carries information related to a set of user for isolation network traffic.  Example is VLAN, L2VPN, L3PVN etc  In VLAN case, the packet will carry the VLAN tag which is used to limit the broadcast domain of a switch / bridge  The traffic which is flowing from a user from one VLAN will not be forwarded to other VLAN
  • 38. Interface Level Virtualization  In this case the traffic isolation is provided by assigning set of ports or interface to a particular customer.  The packets from these ports will be only forwarded to the interface which is part of the same VRF.  Very good example is VRF- lite
  • 39. Network Level Virtualization  In Network Level Virtualization, the entire physical network is sliced into multiple logical networks each assigning to a customer / group of customer.  This kind of network is termed as virtual tenant network (VTN) The network slices are mapped to a customer / tenant and hence termed as VTN
  • 40. Virtual Machine, Virtual Storage & Virtual Network Service Virtualization Server Virtualization Network Virtualization Storage Virtualization

Editor's Notes

  1. Courtesy: https://www.veeam.com/blog/why-virtual-machine-backups-different.html