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Virus- characteristics and viral infections infograph

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Saajida Sultaana

Viruses are infectious agents that can infect animals, plants, and microorganisms. They require a living host cell to replicate and have either DNA or RNA in a protein capsid. Some viruses have an envelope surrounding the capsid. Viruses cause many human and animal diseases with a wide range of symptoms from mild to severe or fatal. Transmission can occur through direct contact, droplets, sexual contact, contaminated food/water, or vectors. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms while some infections may use antiviral drugs. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, presence of similar cases, and tests like blood tests, cultures, ELISA, and PCR. Control involves handwashing, hygiene, vaccination, and preventing bites.

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VIRUS TREATMENT • Treatment of symptoms • Sometimes antiviral drugs GENERAL CHARACTERSISTICS • Viruses are infectious agents with both living and nonliving characteristics. • Virus are acellular- needs living cell to replicate. • They can infect animals, plants, and other microorganisms. • Viruses that infect only bacteria -bacteriophages ; mycophages -infect only fungi; virophages - infect other viruses. • Viruses have a capsid or protein coat that contains its genetic material which can be either DNA, or RNA, but not both. • The capsid is made of proteins and glycoproteins. • Some viruses have a membranous envelope surrounding their capsid. This allows viruses to penetrate host cells by membrane fusion. • Some viruses(that infect bacteria) have a tail region that aids in binding to the surface of the host cell and in the introduction of virus genetic material to the host cell. • Life cycle: lytic or lysogenic • Viruses are capable of mutation (ex. retro virus) that can become cancerous. DIAGNOSIS • Based on symptoms • For infections that occur in epidemics, the presence of other similar cases • For some infections, blood tests and cultures • ELISA • PCR CONTROL • Frequently and thoroughly washing the hands with soap • Consuming only hygienic food and drinks • Avoiding contact with infected people and contaminated surfaces • Sneezing and coughing into tissues (which should be thrown away) • Safe-sex practices, Masks • Preventing bites by ticks, mosquitoes, and other arthropods • Vaccines, Immunization • Immune globulins VIRAL INFECTIONS • Viruses cause many human and animal diseases. • Smallpox, common cold, flu, measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, shingles, hepatitis, herpes, cold sores, polio, rabies, Ebola, Hanta fever, HIV, SARS, dengue fever, Zika, and Epstein-Barr. • Symptoms range from mild to severe, cancerous or even fatal. TRANSMISSION • Direct contact • Droplet infection (saliva, coughing, or sneezing) • Sexual contact • Food borne- contaminated food or water • Vector borne SaajidaSultaanaMahusook

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Virus- characteristics and viral infections infograph

  • 1. VIRUS TREATMENT • Treatment of symptoms • Sometimes antiviral drugs GENERAL CHARACTERSISTICS • Viruses are infectious agents with both living and nonliving characteristics. • Virus are acellular- needs living cell to replicate. • They can infect animals, plants, and other microorganisms. • Viruses that infect only bacteria -bacteriophages ; mycophages -infect only fungi; virophages - infect other viruses. • Viruses have a capsid or protein coat that contains its genetic material which can be either DNA, or RNA, but not both. • The capsid is made of proteins and glycoproteins. • Some viruses have a membranous envelope surrounding their capsid. This allows viruses to penetrate host cells by membrane fusion. • Some viruses(that infect bacteria) have a tail region that aids in binding to the surface of the host cell and in the introduction of virus genetic material to the host cell. • Life cycle: lytic or lysogenic • Viruses are capable of mutation (ex. retro virus) that can become cancerous. DIAGNOSIS • Based on symptoms • For infections that occur in epidemics, the presence of other similar cases • For some infections, blood tests and cultures • ELISA • PCR CONTROL • Frequently and thoroughly washing the hands with soap • Consuming only hygienic food and drinks • Avoiding contact with infected people and contaminated surfaces • Sneezing and coughing into tissues (which should be thrown away) • Safe-sex practices, Masks • Preventing bites by ticks, mosquitoes, and other arthropods • Vaccines, Immunization • Immune globulins VIRAL INFECTIONS • Viruses cause many human and animal diseases. • Smallpox, common cold, flu, measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, shingles, hepatitis, herpes, cold sores, polio, rabies, Ebola, Hanta fever, HIV, SARS, dengue fever, Zika, and Epstein-Barr. • Symptoms range from mild to severe, cancerous or even fatal. TRANSMISSION • Direct contact • Droplet infection (saliva, coughing, or sneezing) • Sexual contact • Food borne- contaminated food or water • Vector borne SaajidaSultaanaMahusook