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Volatile oil

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this is about volatile oil with its properties, classification and one drug containing volatile oil i.e. Mentha

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Volatile Oil Index 1. Introduction 2. Properties 3. Classifications 4. Drugs Containing volatile oil
Introduction • Volatile oil is a concentrated, hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. • Volatile oils are also called as essential oil because they represent the essence or odoriferous constituents of plants. • They are mostly found in plants of families like Pinaceae, Apiaceae, Rutaceae, etc.
Properties of Volatile Oils • They are liquid , lipophile and volatile with a characteristic smell. • They are insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol, ether and other lipid solvents. • They are usually lighter than water and their specific gravity is less than 1. • Volatile oils have high refractive index and show optical rotation.
Classification of Volatile Oil 1. Hydrocarbon Volatile Oil Eg. Bitter orange, Turpentine, Juniper, etc. 2. Alcoholic Volatile Oil Eg. Mentha, Coriander, Rose, etc. 3. Ester Volatile Oil Eg. Lavender, Rosemary, Sweet Orange, etc. 4. Aldehyde Volatile Oil Eg. Cinnamon Bark, Cassia Bark, Lemon, etc. 5. Ketonic Volatile Oil Eg. Caraway, Dill, Spearmint, etc. 6. Phenolic Volatile Oil Eg. Cinnamon Leaf, Clove, Horsemint, etc
MENTHA • Synonyms : Colpermin, Mentha Oil • Biological Source : The oil is obtained by steam distillation of the fresh flowering tops of the plants known as Mentha piperita Linn, belonging to family Labiatae. • Geographical Source : It is cultivated in various parts of the world. It grows wild in Europe, while it is cultivated in Japan, England. In India, it is cultivated near Jammu and in Tarai region of Uttar Pradesh.
• Macroscopic Characters Colour : Colourless to Yellow. Odour : Characteristic and pleasant. Taste : Pungent followed by cooling sensation. Solubility: It is soluble in 70% alcohol, ether and chloroform and insoluble in water.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS • Peppermint oil contains chiefly L-menthol to the extent of 70% in free, as well as, in the form of esters, depending upon variety. • American Peppermint Oil contains 80% menthol while Japanese Oil contains 70-90%. • Other important constituents of the peppermint oil are menthone, menthofuran, jasmone, methyl acetate and several other terpenes derivatives.
CHEMICAL TEST • Few drops of peppermint oil are mixed with 5ml of nitric acid solution(prepared by adding 1ml of nitric acid to 300ml of glacial acetic acid). • Heat on water bath and within five minutes liquid develops – blue color, which on further heating deepens and show cooper color fluorescence after some time it becomes golden yellow. • It is clear and transparent liquid.
USES • Mentha is used as a carminative, stimulant and flavouring agent. • It has mild antiseptic properties. • It is also used in toothpastes, tooth powders and different pharmaceutical dosages forms. • Mentha oil is also used for inhalation in stem, as well as topical products.
ThankYou ARSHDEEP SINGH PRESENTED By:-

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Volatile oil

  • 1. Volatile Oil Index 1. Introduction 2. Properties 3. Classifications 4. Drugs Containing volatile oil
  • 2. Introduction • Volatile oil is a concentrated, hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. • Volatile oils are also called as essential oil because they represent the essence or odoriferous constituents of plants. • They are mostly found in plants of families like Pinaceae, Apiaceae, Rutaceae, etc.
  • 3. Properties of Volatile Oils • They are liquid , lipophile and volatile with a characteristic smell. • They are insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol, ether and other lipid solvents. • They are usually lighter than water and their specific gravity is less than 1. • Volatile oils have high refractive index and show optical rotation.
  • 4. Classification of Volatile Oil 1. Hydrocarbon Volatile Oil Eg. Bitter orange, Turpentine, Juniper, etc. 2. Alcoholic Volatile Oil Eg. Mentha, Coriander, Rose, etc. 3. Ester Volatile Oil Eg. Lavender, Rosemary, Sweet Orange, etc. 4. Aldehyde Volatile Oil Eg. Cinnamon Bark, Cassia Bark, Lemon, etc. 5. Ketonic Volatile Oil Eg. Caraway, Dill, Spearmint, etc. 6. Phenolic Volatile Oil Eg. Cinnamon Leaf, Clove, Horsemint, etc
  • 5. MENTHA • Synonyms : Colpermin, Mentha Oil • Biological Source : The oil is obtained by steam distillation of the fresh flowering tops of the plants known as Mentha piperita Linn, belonging to family Labiatae. • Geographical Source : It is cultivated in various parts of the world. It grows wild in Europe, while it is cultivated in Japan, England. In India, it is cultivated near Jammu and in Tarai region of Uttar Pradesh.
  • 6. • Macroscopic Characters Colour : Colourless to Yellow. Odour : Characteristic and pleasant. Taste : Pungent followed by cooling sensation. Solubility: It is soluble in 70% alcohol, ether and chloroform and insoluble in water.
  • 7. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS • Peppermint oil contains chiefly L-menthol to the extent of 70% in free, as well as, in the form of esters, depending upon variety. • American Peppermint Oil contains 80% menthol while Japanese Oil contains 70-90%. • Other important constituents of the peppermint oil are menthone, menthofuran, jasmone, methyl acetate and several other terpenes derivatives.
  • 8. CHEMICAL TEST • Few drops of peppermint oil are mixed with 5ml of nitric acid solution(prepared by adding 1ml of nitric acid to 300ml of glacial acetic acid). • Heat on water bath and within five minutes liquid develops – blue color, which on further heating deepens and show cooper color fluorescence after some time it becomes golden yellow. • It is clear and transparent liquid.
  • 9. USES • Mentha is used as a carminative, stimulant and flavouring agent. • It has mild antiseptic properties. • It is also used in toothpastes, tooth powders and different pharmaceutical dosages forms. • Mentha oil is also used for inhalation in stem, as well as topical products.