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Software-Defined Data Center
Module 2

2-2
VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage
Course Introduction
Creating Virtual Machines
VMware vCenter Server
Configuring and Managing Virtual Networks
Configuring and Managing Virtual Storage
Virtual Machine Management
Access and Authentication Control
Resource Management and Monitoring
High Availability and Fault Tolerance
Host Scalability
Patch Management
Installing vSphere Components
You Are Here

2-3
VMware vSphere® software suite is based on many components with which a vSphere administrator should be familiar. You must understand the following vSphere concepts and best practices:
The basic concept of virtualization, VMware ESXi™, and the virtual machine
The fundamental vSphere components and how vSphere can be used in your software-defined data center
How the VMware vSphere® Client™ and VMware vSphere® Web Client are used to administrate and manage vSphere environments
Importance

2-4
Lesson 1: Introduction to the Software-Defined Data Center
Lesson 2: vSphere Client
Lesson 3: Overview of ESXi
Module Lessons

2-5
Lesson 1: Introduction to the Software-Defined Data Center

2-6
By the end of this lesson, you should be able to meet the following objectives:
Compare and contrast physical and virtual architectures
Describe the benefits of using virtual machines
Describe how vSphere interacts with CPUs, memory, networks, and disks
Describe how vSphere fits into the cloud and the software-defined data center
Learner Objectives

2-7
Data Center Physical Infrastructure
Fibre Channel Storage
Fibre Channel
Ethernet
NFS Storage
iSCSI Storage
Network
Applications Operating System Physical Host

2-8
Introducing the Virtual Infrastructure
Hypervisor
ESXi Host
Fibre Channel
Fibre Channel Storage
Ethernet
NFS Storage
iSCSI Storage
Network
Virtual Machines

2-9
Physical and Virtual Architecture
virtual architecture
x64 architecture
vSphere
physical architecture
x64 architecture
operating system
application

2-10
vSphere and the Software-Defined Data Center
vSphere
Pooled Storage
Pooled Computing
Pooled Networking and Security
Automation
Virtual Data Center 2
Data Center Services
Virtual Data Center 1
Data Center Services

2-11
Reasons to Use Virtual Machines
Easy to relocate:
Encapsulated into files
Independent of physical hardware
Easy to manage:
Isolated from other virtual machines
Insulated from hardware changes
Provides the ability to support legacy applications
Allows servers to be consolidated
Virtual machine
Physical machine
Difficult to relocate:
Moves require downtime
Specific to physical hardware
Difficult to manage:
Requires physical maintenance
Hardware failures cause downtime
Hardware has limitations:
Hardware changes limit application support
Servers are physically individual

2-12
Resource Sharing
vSphere
x64 architecture

2-13
x64 architecture
operating system
application
CPU Virtualization
x64 architecture
vSphere

2-14
Physical and Virtualized Host Memory Usage
x64 architecture
operating system
x64 architecture
vSphere
application
1GB
2GB
8GB

2-15
Physical and Virtual Networking
vSphere
x64 architecture
operating system
application
virtual switch
x64 architecture

2-16
Physical File Systems and vSphere VMFS
x64 architecture
operating system
application
x64 architecture
vSphere
x64 architecture
vSphere
NTFS, ext3, UFS
VMFS

2-17
Encapsulation
VM 1
VM 2
VM 3
Datastore (VMware vSphere® VMFS or NFS)

2-18
VMFS
Linux/UNIX
Windows
File-System Layouts
C:
D:
E:
/
usr
etc
opt
/
vmfs
Local
VM 1
VM 2
VM 3
VM 4
SAN
volumes

2-19
hybrid cloud
Installing vSphere creates a virtual infrastructure.
Your virtual machines run in this virtual infrastructure.
VMware® vCloud Director® enables you to create a cloud.
Third-party providers can host public or private clouds.
VMware® clouds empower you to run your virtual machines in a private, public, or hybrid cloud to fit your business needs.
How vSphere Fits into Cloud Computing
private cloud
public cloud

2-20
Individual departments or internal corporate organizations (divisions) are able to deploy and manage IT infrastructure through virtual systems as needed.
IT capabilities are provided as a service, over an intranet, in the enterprise, and behind the firewall.
About Private Clouds
Gizmo division
Widget division
Human Resources
Sales
enterprise private cloud
Internet
Advantages
Self-service provisioning
Elasticity of resources
Rapid and simplified provisioning
Secured multitenancy
Improved use of IT resources
Better control of IT budgets

2-21
Advantages
A cloud service provider hosts general IT operations for multiple businesses.
IT resources are provided as a service over the Internet.
A public cloud is similar to a utility or an Internet service provider.
About Public Clouds
company A
company B
cloud service provider
company C
Public clouds have all of the advantages of a private cloud:
•Customer management of IT
•Rapid and flexible deployments
•Efficient and cost-effective deployments
•Secure IT assets
Customer companies no longer have IT as an ongoing overhead expense.

2-22
Some cloud-based assets are accessible internally over an intranet.
Some cloud-based assets are accessible externally over the Internet.
Companies first move applications and data to their private cloud.
Companies can reap additional cost savings by moving to an externally accessible cloud.
Applications are transitioned by using software that meets open standards.
About Hybrid Clouds
App Loads
App Loads
App Loads
Hybrid Cloud
Private Clouds
Public Clouds
Bridge
Management
Management
vSphere
vSphere

2-23
VMware Complete Cloud Infrastructure & Management Suite
Management and Automation
Network / Security
Compute
vCloud Automation Center
vCenter Operations Management Suite
IT Business Management Suite
NSX
vCloud Networking and Security
Storage / Availability
Virtual SAN
vCenter Site Recovery Manager
vCenter Server and vCloud Director
vSphere

2-24
You should be able to meet the following objectives:
Compare and contrast physical and virtual architectures
Describe the benefits of using virtual machines
Describe how vSphere interacts with CPUs, memory, networks, and disks
Describe how vSphere fits into the cloud and the software-defined data center
Review of Learner Objectives

2-25
Lesson 2: vSphere Client

2-26
Identify the user interfaces used with ESXi and VMware® vCenter™
Download and install the vSphere Client
Describe the navigation panes in the vSphere Client
Learner Objectives

2-27
User Interfaces
vSphere Client
vSphere Web Client
ESXi host
your desktop
vCenter Server

2-28
vSphere Client is an interface that you use to connect remotely to VMware® vCenter Server™ or an ESXi host from a Windows system.
To download the vSphere Client:
Use the VMware vCenter Server Installer.
Download the client from the vCenter Server system or an ESXi host.
•Internet access is required.
Downloading vSphere Client
Download the vSphere Client to a supported Windows system.
Point to the vCenter Server or ESXi host.

2-29
In the vSphere Client login window, enter the following:
Host name or IP address of ESXi host or vCenter Server
User name
Password for that user
(Optional) Use your Windows session credentials.
Using vSphere Client

2-30
vSphere Client: Configuration Tab

2-31
Viewing Processor and Memory Configuration

2-32
Use vSphere Client to view logs.
Viewing ESXi System Logs
Export system logs to an archive file:
Send to VMware support.

2-33
Viewing Licensed Features
XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX

2-34
Install student desktop components
1.Access Your Student Desktop System
2.Install the vSphere Client
Lab 1: Installing VMware vSphere GUIs

2-35
Identify the user interfaces used with ESXi and VMware® vCenter™
Download and install the vSphere Client
Describe the navigation panes in the vSphere Client

2-36
Lesson 3: Overview of ESXi

2-37
Describe ESXi architecture
Use the vSphere Client to access an ESXi host
View ESXi settings:
•Processor and memory configuration
•Licensing
•NTP client
•DNS and routing
•Security profile
Identify user account best practices
Learner Objectives

2-38
ESXi has the following availability and features:
Available for purchase with vSphere 5.5 or as a a free version that can be downloaded
High security
•Memory hardening
•Kernel module integrity
•Trusted platform module
Small disk footprint
Installable on hard disks, SAN LUNs, USB devices, SD cards, or diskless hosts
ESXi

2-39
Physical and Virtual Architecture
VMware hypervisor – VMkernel
VMM
VMM
VMM
VMM
VMM
Web Client
vCenter Server
vSphere Client
vCLI (scripting)
vSphere API/DSK
CIM (hardware mgmt)

2-40
The direct console user interface (DCUI) is similar to the BIOS of a computer with a keyboard-only user interface.
Configuring ESXi

2-41
The DCUI allows an administrator to do the following:
Set a root password (complex passwords only).
Enable or disable lockdown mode:
•Limits host management to vCenter Server and user root access to DCUI only
Configuring ESXi: root Access

2-42
The DCUI allows you to modify network settings:
Host name
IP configuration (IP address, subnet mask, default gateway)
DNS servers
Configuring ESXi: Management Network

2-43
The DCUI allows an administrator to do the following:
Configure keyboard layout.
View support information.
View system logs.
Enable troubleshooting services, when required.
Configuring ESXi: Other Settings

2-44
Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a client-server protocol used to synchronize a computer’s clock to a time reference.
NTP is important:
For accurate performance graphs
For accurate time stamps in log messages
So that virtual machines have a source to synchronize with
An ESXi host can be configured as an NTP client.
It can synchronize time with an NTP server on the Internet or your corporate NTP server.
ESXi as an NTP Client
NTP server
NTP client
NTP server
NTP server
ESXi host
NTP client uses UDP over port 123 to communicate with NTP server.

2-45
The DNS and Routing link enables you to apply these settings:
Host name and domain
DNS server addresses and search domains
Default VMkernel gateway
Network Settings: DNS and Routing

2-46
On ESXi hosts:
Remote clients are prevented from accessing services on the host.
Local clients are prevented from accessing services on remote hosts.
Unless configured otherwise, daemons will start and stop with the ESXi host:
•For example, DCUI or NTP server
Remote Access Settings: Security Profile

2-47
You should implement the following user account best practices:
Strictly control root privileges to the ESXi host.
Use the vSphere Client to manage the ESXi host.
Ideally, use vCenter Server – and thus vCenter Server user accounts – to manage hosts.
ESXi User Account Best Practices

2-48
Configure an ESXi host
1.Connect to an ESXi Host with the vSphere Client
2.View the Host Hardware Configuration
3.Configure the DNS and Routing Information for an ESXi Host
4.Configure an ESXi Host as an NTP Client
5.Configure an ESXi Host to Use the Directory Services
Lab 2: Configuring VMware ESXi

2-49
Describe ESXi architecture
Use the vSphere Client to access an ESXi host
View ESXi settings:
•Processor and memory configuration
•Licensing
•NTP client
•DNS and routing
•Security profile
Identify user account best practices

2-50
Using virtual machines solves many data center problems.
Virtual machines are hardware independent.
Virtual machines share the physical resources of the ESXi host on which they reside.
A virtual machine is a set of files that are easy to transfer and back up.
Virtual machine files are encapsulated into a folder and placed on a datastore.
ESXi runs directly on the host.
vSphere abstracts CPU, memory, storage, and networking for virtual machine use.
Questions?
Key Points

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