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Waste management

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Anil Addy

This document discusses various types of waste and waste management. It provides definitions and sources of different categories of waste like biomedical waste, radioactive waste, e-waste, and municipal solid waste. It also describes the concepts of reduce, reuse, and recycle in waste management. Common waste disposal methods like landfills and incineration are explained. The document recommends steps to reduce waste in offices like reducing paper usage, recycling, and educating employees.

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MGM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY A PROJECT ON WASTE MANAGEMENT BY CHAITANYA WAGHE ONKAR TONDWALKAR ANIL SINGH OMKAR VEDPATHAK FAHAD PANGARKAR SIDDHARTH TEMKAR ANIKET BANSODE JAGDISH PATIL
WASTE MANAGEMENT What is Waste? Waste is unwanted or useless materials. Waste (also known as trash, junk, litter, garbage, refuse, junk and ort.) are materials that are not primary products for which the initial user has no further use in terms of hisher own purposes of production, transformation or consumption, and of which heshe wants to dispose. Residuals recycled or reused at place of generation are excluded.
Waste Management Waste management is the collection, transport, processing or disposal, managing and monitoring of waste material. There are many types of wastes defined by modern systems of waste management, 1.According to their physical form a. Solid Wastes : b. Liquid wastes: 2. According to their Properties a. Biodegradable waste : b. Non-Biodegradable waste
3. According to their effect on Human health and the environment a. Hazardous Wastes b. Non-Hazardous Wastes 4. According to their origin and type a. Municipal Solid wastes b. Bio-medical wastes: c. Industrial wastes: d. Agricultural wastes:
e. Fishery wastes: f. Radioactive wastes: g. E-wastes:
BIO-MEDICAL WASTE Definition: “Bio Medical waste” is any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining to or in the production or testing of biologicals and categories.
Biomedical waste management  Definition: “Bio Medical waste” is any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining to or in the production or testing of biologicals and categories.
Sources of biomedical waste  Biomedical waste is generated in: hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, medical laboratories, blood banks, animal houses etc. Such a waste can also be generated at home if health care is being provided there to a patient (e.g. injection, dressing material etc.)
Components Solids:  Catheters and tubes  Disposable masks and scrubs  Disposable tools  Medical gloves  Wound dressings
BIOMEDICAL WASTE Liquids:  Blood  Body fluids and tissues  Cell, organ and tissue cultures
BIOMEDICAL WASTE Sharps:  Blades (Razor or Scalpel)  Material made up glass such as cuvettes and slides.  Needles  Plastic pipettes and syringes
BIOMEDICAL WASTE Laboratory waste:  Animal carcasses  Hazardous chemicals  Medicinal plants  Radioactive material with biological components  Supernatants
Radioactive Waste Radioactive waste are those wastes which contains radioactive material. We will discuss -  Low Level Radioactive Waste  Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste  High Level Radioactive Waste
Low Level Waste LLW  Low level waste is any waste that could be from a high activity area.  It does not necessarily carry any radioactivity.  Split into four categories: A, B, C, and GTCC.
Typical Low-Level Waste Disposal Site Hanford (Nuclear News, November 2004)
Intermediate Level Waste ILW  Intermediate level waste requires shielding when being handled. Example resins, chemical sludge  Disposal – solidified concrete or bitumen
High Level Waste HLW  High level waste has a large amount of radioactive activity and is thermally hot.  95% of radioactivity Current levels of HLW are increasing about 12,000 metric tons per year.
cntd..  HLW is most dangerous byproduct of nuclear power.  Borosilicate glass most common storage.  Several venues being researched for the safe disposal of HLW.
E-waste.  Any waste that has a circuit board or cathode ray tube (CRT)  Minnesota’s definition includes: Televisions Computers: central processing units (CPUs), monitors, laptops Computer keyboards, speakers, printers, and other peripherals VCRs and DVD players Fax machines …from HOUSEHOLDS
Growth of E-waste: Technology Trends Technological advances speed up obsolescence & lead to more e-waste  PC lifespan falling to estimated 2 years  Improved TVs/monitors: HD, LCD, plasma  Digital television transition set for Feb. 17, 2009
Growth of E-waste: Digital Television Transition  If you use “rabbit ears” or rooftop antenna with an analog TV, you must act. Options: Buy a converter box to plug into your TV Connect your analog TV to cable, satellite or other pay service Buy a TV with a digital tuner
Waste hierarchy Waste hierarchy refers to 3 Rs Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Practice the 3 R’s of Management Reduce Reuse Recycle
REDUCE REDUCTION MEANS TO MAKE SOMETHING SMALLER USE SOMETHING LESS OFTEN
REUSE This includes conventional reuse where the item is used again for the same function, and new-life reuse where it is used for a new function. To reuse is to use an item more than once.
RECYCLING MEANS THE PROCESSING OF USED MATERIALS OR WASTE INTO NEW PRODUCT! KEY COMPONENT OF MODERN WASTE REDUCTION & THE THIRD COMPONENT OF WASTE HIERARCHY
METHODS OF WASTE DISPOSAL LANDFILL INCERNATION.
LANDFILL. Disposal of waste in a landfill involves burying the waste and this remains a common practice in most countries. Landfills were often established in abandoned or unused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.
Waste management
INCINERATION Incineration is a disposal method in which solid organic wastes are subjected to combustion so as to convert them into residue and gaseous products. This method is useful for disposal of residue of both solid waste management and solid residue from waste water management. This process reduces the volumes of solid waste to 20 to 30 percent of the original volume. Incineration and other high temperature waste treatment systems are sometimes described as "thermal treatment". Incinerators convert waste materials into heat, gas and steam, ash.
Waste management
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE  Waste Prevention - Reduce office paper waste. - Economic. - Recycle. - Switch to reusable transport containers.
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE Donate/Exchange - old books - old clothes - old computers - excess building materials - old equipment to local organizations
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE Employee Education - Develop an “office recycling procedures” packet. - Send out recycling reminders to all employees including environmental articles. - Train employees on recycling practices prior to implementing recycling programs.
THANK YOU

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Waste management

  • 1. MGM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY A PROJECT ON WASTE MANAGEMENT BY CHAITANYA WAGHE ONKAR TONDWALKAR ANIL SINGH OMKAR VEDPATHAK FAHAD PANGARKAR SIDDHARTH TEMKAR ANIKET BANSODE JAGDISH PATIL
  • 2. WASTE MANAGEMENT What is Waste? Waste is unwanted or useless materials. Waste (also known as trash, junk, litter, garbage, refuse, junk and ort.) are materials that are not primary products for which the initial user has no further use in terms of hisher own purposes of production, transformation or consumption, and of which heshe wants to dispose. Residuals recycled or reused at place of generation are excluded.
  • 3. Waste Management Waste management is the collection, transport, processing or disposal, managing and monitoring of waste material. There are many types of wastes defined by modern systems of waste management, 1.According to their physical form a. Solid Wastes : b. Liquid wastes: 2. According to their Properties a. Biodegradable waste : b. Non-Biodegradable waste
  • 4. 3. According to their effect on Human health and the environment a. Hazardous Wastes b. Non-Hazardous Wastes 4. According to their origin and type a. Municipal Solid wastes b. Bio-medical wastes: c. Industrial wastes: d. Agricultural wastes:
  • 5. e. Fishery wastes: f. Radioactive wastes: g. E-wastes:
  • 6. BIO-MEDICAL WASTE Definition: “Bio Medical waste” is any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining to or in the production or testing of biologicals and categories.
  • 7. Biomedical waste management  Definition: “Bio Medical waste” is any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining to or in the production or testing of biologicals and categories.
  • 8. Sources of biomedical waste  Biomedical waste is generated in: hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, medical laboratories, blood banks, animal houses etc. Such a waste can also be generated at home if health care is being provided there to a patient (e.g. injection, dressing material etc.)
  • 9. Components Solids:  Catheters and tubes  Disposable masks and scrubs  Disposable tools  Medical gloves  Wound dressings
  • 10. BIOMEDICAL WASTE Liquids:  Blood  Body fluids and tissues  Cell, organ and tissue cultures
  • 11. BIOMEDICAL WASTE Sharps:  Blades (Razor or Scalpel)  Material made up glass such as cuvettes and slides.  Needles  Plastic pipettes and syringes
  • 12. BIOMEDICAL WASTE Laboratory waste:  Animal carcasses  Hazardous chemicals  Medicinal plants  Radioactive material with biological components  Supernatants
  • 13. Radioactive Waste Radioactive waste are those wastes which contains radioactive material. We will discuss -  Low Level Radioactive Waste  Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste  High Level Radioactive Waste
  • 14. Low Level Waste LLW  Low level waste is any waste that could be from a high activity area.  It does not necessarily carry any radioactivity.  Split into four categories: A, B, C, and GTCC.
  • 15. Typical Low-Level Waste Disposal Site Hanford (Nuclear News, November 2004)
  • 16. Intermediate Level Waste ILW  Intermediate level waste requires shielding when being handled. Example resins, chemical sludge  Disposal – solidified concrete or bitumen
  • 17. High Level Waste HLW  High level waste has a large amount of radioactive activity and is thermally hot.  95% of radioactivity Current levels of HLW are increasing about 12,000 metric tons per year.
  • 18. cntd..  HLW is most dangerous byproduct of nuclear power.  Borosilicate glass most common storage.  Several venues being researched for the safe disposal of HLW.
  • 19. E-waste.  Any waste that has a circuit board or cathode ray tube (CRT)  Minnesota’s definition includes: Televisions Computers: central processing units (CPUs), monitors, laptops Computer keyboards, speakers, printers, and other peripherals VCRs and DVD players Fax machines …from HOUSEHOLDS
  • 20. Growth of E-waste: Technology Trends Technological advances speed up obsolescence & lead to more e-waste  PC lifespan falling to estimated 2 years  Improved TVs/monitors: HD, LCD, plasma  Digital television transition set for Feb. 17, 2009
  • 21. Growth of E-waste: Digital Television Transition  If you use “rabbit ears” or rooftop antenna with an analog TV, you must act. Options: Buy a converter box to plug into your TV Connect your analog TV to cable, satellite or other pay service Buy a TV with a digital tuner
  • 22. Waste hierarchy Waste hierarchy refers to 3 Rs Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
  • 23. Practice the 3 R’s of Management Reduce Reuse Recycle
  • 24. REDUCE REDUCTION MEANS TO MAKE SOMETHING SMALLER USE SOMETHING LESS OFTEN
  • 25. REUSE This includes conventional reuse where the item is used again for the same function, and new-life reuse where it is used for a new function. To reuse is to use an item more than once.
  • 26. RECYCLING MEANS THE PROCESSING OF USED MATERIALS OR WASTE INTO NEW PRODUCT! KEY COMPONENT OF MODERN WASTE REDUCTION & THE THIRD COMPONENT OF WASTE HIERARCHY
  • 27. METHODS OF WASTE DISPOSAL LANDFILL INCERNATION.
  • 28. LANDFILL. Disposal of waste in a landfill involves burying the waste and this remains a common practice in most countries. Landfills were often established in abandoned or unused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.
  • 30. INCINERATION Incineration is a disposal method in which solid organic wastes are subjected to combustion so as to convert them into residue and gaseous products. This method is useful for disposal of residue of both solid waste management and solid residue from waste water management. This process reduces the volumes of solid waste to 20 to 30 percent of the original volume. Incineration and other high temperature waste treatment systems are sometimes described as "thermal treatment". Incinerators convert waste materials into heat, gas and steam, ash.
  • 32. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE  Waste Prevention - Reduce office paper waste. - Economic. - Recycle. - Switch to reusable transport containers.
  • 33. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE Donate/Exchange - old books - old clothes - old computers - excess building materials - old equipment to local organizations
  • 34. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE Employee Education - Develop an “office recycling procedures” packet. - Send out recycling reminders to all employees including environmental articles. - Train employees on recycling practices prior to implementing recycling programs.