What do we mean by “open access”?
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Andrew Hufton is a professional scientific editor with a passion for promoting open science and FAIR data sharing. He worked on digital sequence information policy issues as part of the WiLDSI project for parts of 2021 and 2022. Andrew is currently the Editor-in-Chief of the Biotechnology Journal and Advanced Genetics. Previously, he launched and led the journal Scientific Data. He has a Ph.D. in Genetics from Stanford University and has published research on topics in developmental biology, bioinformatics and genome evolution.
What do we mean by “open access”?
- 1. What do we mean by “open access” for DSI? Andrew L. Hufton andrew@alhufton.com Editor-in-Chief, Wiley Advanced Genetics Biotechnology Journal
- 2. 2 Nov 2022 A. L. Hufton • andrew@alhufton.com 2 Image from “Amplicon Analysis in R” (https://elizabethmcd.github.io/R-amplicons/index.html), by Elizabeth McDaniel, Copyright (c) Data Carpentry. CC BY 4.0 DNA is designed at a molecular level to be copied and shared
- 3. 2 Nov 2022 A. L. Hufton • andrew@alhufton.com 3 All life shares a common genetic heritage we learn from DNA mainly through comparison http://tolweb.org/media/25382 Creative Commons Attribution- NoDerivs License - Version 3.0. Copyright © Tree of Life Web Project
- 4. 2 Nov 2022 A. L. Hufton • andrew@alhufton.com 4 The sequencing community was quick to recognize the value of sharing their data through common, open databases Genbank USA 1982 DDBJ Japan 1984 EMBL- Bank / ENA Europe 1980 International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC) 2005 DSI are shared: Alongside scientific publications · With patent applications · Automatically by major sequencing centers
- 5. 2 Nov 2022 A. L. Hufton • andrew@alhufton.com 5 What does “open” mean for DSI Access is… • Anonymous • Free of charge • Free of restrictions DSI are shared in ways that are… ● Interoperable ● Support scientific transparency and reproducibility
- 6. 2 Nov 2022 A. L. Hufton • andrew@alhufton.com 6 DSI use is complex, collaborative and global • Downloaded >30 million times per year • >10 million unique users • DSI linked to >1,200 inter-connected databases • DSI are used by researchers in all countries Data exchange between EMBL-EBI and external data resources From Charles E Cook et al., Nucleic Acids Research 2020 https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz1033 CC-BY 4.0
- 7. 2 Nov 2022 A. L. Hufton • andrew@alhufton.com 7 Final points ● DSI are merged, combined and transformed along the chain of discovery ● Open DSI databases place no restrictions on the sequences or their use, but this does not mean that they are necessarily free of all restrictions
- 8. 2 Nov 2022 A. L. Hufton • andrew@alhufton.com 8 Thanks! Special credit to: ● Rodrigo Sara ● Amber H. Scholz ● and the WiLDSI project Sara, R., Hufton, A. L., Sett, S., & Scholz, A. H. (2022). Open access: a technical assessment for the debate on benefit-sharing and digital sequence information. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5849643 Sara, R., Hufton, A. L., & Scholz, A. H. (2021). Compatible or Incompatible? DSI, Open Access and Benefit-sharing. Preprint at https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/nw8g9 Now published in “Access and Benefit Sharing of Genetic Resources, Information and Traditional Knowledge” Edited By Lawson, C., Rourke, M., Humphries, F. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003301998 Learn more about the history and background of openness and DSI Andrew L. Hufton andrew@alhufton.com Editor-in-Chief, Wiley Advanced Genetics Biotechnology Journal