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Wild life

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Ashwani96

This document discusses different types of wildlife found around the world. It describes wildlife habitats in forests, islands, mountains, lakes/rivers, oceans, and different geographic regions including India, Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and deserts. It highlights the importance of wildlife for biological diversity and natural products. It also discusses species currently endangered and under threat due to habitat loss, pollution, and overhunting, as well as conservation efforts.

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Wild life
Wild life
W IL D L IF E A large area of land on which trees and other plants grow naturally is called a forest, and the wild animals (like lion, tiger, elephant, deer, snakes, etc.) and birds which live in forest, are called wildlife.
IM P O R TAN C E O F WILD LIF E  It provides a great biological diversity.  Many valuable products such as silk feathers, musk, honey, etc. are obtained from wildlife  Wildlife maintain an eco logical balance in nature.
WI LD LI F E I N Indian forests Iare the adobe of various kind of N DI A animals and birds. The most important among the animals are tigers, elephant, leopard, rhinoceros and the lions. Like its flora, India is also rich in fauna. It has more than 89,000 of animal species. The country has more than 1200 species of birds. They constitute of 13% of the world’s total. There are 2500 species of fish, which account for nearly 12% of the world’s stock. It also shares between 5 and 8 per cent of the world’s amphibians, reptiles and mammals.
D O Y OU K N OW ? T h e G ir F o r e s t is t h e la s t r e m a in in g h a b it a t o f t h e A s ia t ic lio n .
A FRI CA N W I L Dwealth F wildlife found No other continent matches the L I of E in Africa. Covering the full climate spectrum from intense heat to bitter cold, its varied vegetation has given rise to a wide range of animals, including mammals birds, reptiles, fish, and insects. Among them are more than 40 species of primate, ranging from tiny galagos to huge gorillas, a great variety of antelopes, gazelles, and other hoofed animals, and 70 species of carnivore. Bird life, too, is extraordinary rich; more than 1,500 species live south of the Sahara. In addition, Africa is inhabited by the world’s fastest land animal, the cheetah; the biggest bird, the ostrich; and the largest land animal, the elephant.
A SI A N W I the frozen ArcticF the north to the Asia stretches from L D L I in E warm tropics in the south. Although much of Asia is undulating plain, it also boasts the awesome mountain range of the Himalayas. Much of the interior receives little rain, but parts of India hold the world record for annual rainfall. This continent of contrasts provides many habitats, each with its own characteristics plants and animals. Many of the world’s best known endangered species, such as giant pandas and tigers, live in Asia. But many less publicized, smaller animals and plants are also threatened by the steady spread of human populations.
AU S TR ALIAN WILD LIF E Australia has been isolated by water for more than 30 million years, resulting in the evolution of many unique animals and plants. Half of all marsupials, such as the koala and kangaroo, live only in Australia, along with the platypus and echidna, the world’s only egg-laying mammals, or monotremes. Much of Australia is desert or scrub. The animals and plants that live here are adapted to the hot, dry conditions. There are also areas of tropical and temperate forests, which contain the greatest diversity of life in Australia.
E U R OP E A N WI LD LI F E Europe is a landmass that contains many different habitats, ranging from the Arctic tundra, through broad leaved forests, and mountainous areas, to dry, hot regions around the Mediterranean. Only deserts and tropical forests are missing from the list. European wildlife is not as rich as it once was; human intervention in the form of agriculture and forest clearance, as well as the sheer size of the human population, has diminished the number of plants and animals. Yet in undisturbed forests and wetlands, a large diversity of wildlife remains.
D E S E R T WILD LIF E Camel (SHIP OF THE DESRT) The driest places on Earth are known as deserts. Food is scarce, and there is little shelter from the sun and wind. Deserts are among the most inhospitable of all places in which to live. In spite of this, many remarkable animals survive and even thrive in these hostile surroundings. Birds, mammals, insects, arachnids, amphibians, and reptiles are all represented, together with some equally remarkable plants.
IS LAN D WILD LIF E Isolated locations and the lack of large predators, competitors, and disease has allowed the evolution of a unique range of wildlife on many islands. Island habitats vary greatly, from the ice and rock of Greenland to the tropical rainforests of Borneo. Island floras faunas are fragile ecosystems, easily upset by foreign invaders and freak weather conditions. Some islands posses unique species found nowhere else (endemics); other remote islands Dense vegetation cover provides are inhabited by species from homes for many animals. otherwise extinct groups (relicts).
LAK E AN D R IVE R WILD LIF E The freshwater habitats on land may be tiny in volume compared with the oceans, but the many lakes, ponds, and rivers are home to a huge variety of wildlife. Plants take root in the soft soil and provide food and shelter for many different animals. These include air-breathing that enter the water froe the surroundings as well as truly aquatic creatures, which spend all their time in water. Together, they show all manner of adaptations to underwater life, including ways of making shelters and of copying with fast currents or murky conditions. Lake contains cold, clear water from mountains streams
M OU N T A I N W I L D L I F E Tree line – above this level The great mountain chains of the Snow on it is too cold and world are very beautiful but they offer higher slopes harsh for trees to grow testing conditions for wildlife. The animals that live there, such as the alpine ibex, are either exceptionally hardy to cope with steep and rocky terrain or, like the Andean condor, specially adapted to high winds and cold nights in thin air. In temperate and cold climates, winter is very harsh in the mountains, bringing gale force winds and deep snow that drive many animals down towards shelter. By contrast, in summer , the strong sunshine of high altitudes gives a real boost to life, bringing the buzz of insects and the songs of nesting birds Dense trees cover and to mountain slopes. other vegetation on lower slopes
O C E AN WILD LIF E The ocean covers two-third of the Earth’s surface. This vast body of water is home to a great variety of plants and animals. On the ocean floor, there are underwater mountains ranges, plains covered with clays and mud-like oozes, deep trenches, and submerged mountains called sea mounts. Animals live in all these regions and in all depths of the ocean. Generally, food is scarce in the deep because there is no light for photosynthesis , which enables plant growth. Plants are restricted to the sunlit waters near the surface, where they either drift in the sea or float, anchored to the seabed. Ocean wildlife is at its richest in the warm, shallow waters of coral reefs.
WI LD LI F E I N D A N GE R Since life began on Earth, many species of plants and animals have died out- mostly because of human interference. The main threats to wildlife today are habitat destruction, hunting and collecting, and pollution. Many plants and animals are now protected by law. There are some environmental organizations which are dedicated to helping plants and animals in danger and finding solutions to worldwide ecological problems, for e.g.:- Greenpeace, friends of the Earth, International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW), World Wildlife Fund (WWF) etc.
Species getting extinct E AG LE
Species getting extinct Bottle -nos e d olp h ins
Species getting extinct P olar b e ar
Species getting extinct Two h orne d rh inoce ros
E nvironmental OR GA N I SA T I ON Some logos of environmental organization are:- GR E E NP E AC E Friends of the Earth Greenpeace 26-28 Underwood Street Canonbury Villas London N1 7JQ London N1 2PN www.greenpeace.org www.foei.org
E nvironmental F A C T S It is estimated that over the next 20 years almost half a million species of plants and animals will become extinct. The ivory-build woodpecker used to live in forest swamps. It is one of the world’s rarest birds and is endangered. All species of rhinoceros are now protected by law. Many rhinoceros were killed for their horns, which are reputed to have medicinal qualities. The population of the komodo dragon, the largest-living lizard, is at a dangerously low level because of over-hunting by collectors.
C ON SE R V A T I ON OF WI LD LI F E The large scale poaching (killing) of wild animals residing in the forests by man is a serious threat to the survival of many animal and bird species. This also disturbs the food chains in which these animals occur resulting in undesirable consequences for the whole ecosystem. Now, to make some money, some people kill the animals indiscriminately in large numbers to obtain their skin, horns, teeth, etc. This large scale killing of animals disrupts the food chains in which snakes occur and creates an imbalance in nature.
SOM E ST E P S T O C ON SE R V E WI LD LI F E It is very important to conserve wildlife to maintain the ecological balance in nature and to preserve the gene pool. Some of the measures (or steps) to be taken for the conservation of wildlife are given below :- Laws should be made to impose a total ban on poaching (killing) or capturing of any animal or bird belonging to an endangered species. The poaching of an endangered species of animals and birds should be made a punishable offence. Even if some type of wild animals and birds are in abundance today, their indiscriminate killing should not be allowed by the forest authorities.
SOM E ST E P S T O C ON SE R V E WI LD LI F E The natural habitats of wild animals and birds should be preserved by establishing National Parks and Sanctuaries throughout the country. The Government Department connected with the conservation of wildlife should conduct a periodic survey in all forests, National Parks and Sanctuaries to have a knowledge of all species of wild animals and birds, so that these animals can be helped in the times of distress like floods and famines. Special attention should be paid to the conservation of endangered species of wild animals and birds to prevent their extinction altogether.
A N I M A LS A N D H U M A N S V I E F OR SP A C E With 2 percent(%) of the world’s land and 16 percent of its people, India is fast losing its wildlife habitat. Sanctuaries such as Nagarahole—where men collects gaur skulls for a study of predator behavior—give scant haven to Indian's embattled animal species. Isolation of small groups weakens gene pools, but plans for protected corianders between parks are stalled.
THANKS FOR YOUR KIND CONSIDERATION Made by:- Ashwani Kumar

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Wild life

  • 3. W IL D L IF E A large area of land on which trees and other plants grow naturally is called a forest, and the wild animals (like lion, tiger, elephant, deer, snakes, etc.) and birds which live in forest, are called wildlife.
  • 4. IM P O R TAN C E O F WILD LIF E  It provides a great biological diversity.  Many valuable products such as silk feathers, musk, honey, etc. are obtained from wildlife  Wildlife maintain an eco logical balance in nature.
  • 5. WI LD LI F E I N Indian forests Iare the adobe of various kind of N DI A animals and birds. The most important among the animals are tigers, elephant, leopard, rhinoceros and the lions. Like its flora, India is also rich in fauna. It has more than 89,000 of animal species. The country has more than 1200 species of birds. They constitute of 13% of the world’s total. There are 2500 species of fish, which account for nearly 12% of the world’s stock. It also shares between 5 and 8 per cent of the world’s amphibians, reptiles and mammals.
  • 6. D O Y OU K N OW ? T h e G ir F o r e s t is t h e la s t r e m a in in g h a b it a t o f t h e A s ia t ic lio n .
  • 7. A FRI CA N W I L Dwealth F wildlife found No other continent matches the L I of E in Africa. Covering the full climate spectrum from intense heat to bitter cold, its varied vegetation has given rise to a wide range of animals, including mammals birds, reptiles, fish, and insects. Among them are more than 40 species of primate, ranging from tiny galagos to huge gorillas, a great variety of antelopes, gazelles, and other hoofed animals, and 70 species of carnivore. Bird life, too, is extraordinary rich; more than 1,500 species live south of the Sahara. In addition, Africa is inhabited by the world’s fastest land animal, the cheetah; the biggest bird, the ostrich; and the largest land animal, the elephant.
  • 8. A SI A N W I the frozen ArcticF the north to the Asia stretches from L D L I in E warm tropics in the south. Although much of Asia is undulating plain, it also boasts the awesome mountain range of the Himalayas. Much of the interior receives little rain, but parts of India hold the world record for annual rainfall. This continent of contrasts provides many habitats, each with its own characteristics plants and animals. Many of the world’s best known endangered species, such as giant pandas and tigers, live in Asia. But many less publicized, smaller animals and plants are also threatened by the steady spread of human populations.
  • 9. AU S TR ALIAN WILD LIF E Australia has been isolated by water for more than 30 million years, resulting in the evolution of many unique animals and plants. Half of all marsupials, such as the koala and kangaroo, live only in Australia, along with the platypus and echidna, the world’s only egg-laying mammals, or monotremes. Much of Australia is desert or scrub. The animals and plants that live here are adapted to the hot, dry conditions. There are also areas of tropical and temperate forests, which contain the greatest diversity of life in Australia.
  • 10. E U R OP E A N WI LD LI F E Europe is a landmass that contains many different habitats, ranging from the Arctic tundra, through broad leaved forests, and mountainous areas, to dry, hot regions around the Mediterranean. Only deserts and tropical forests are missing from the list. European wildlife is not as rich as it once was; human intervention in the form of agriculture and forest clearance, as well as the sheer size of the human population, has diminished the number of plants and animals. Yet in undisturbed forests and wetlands, a large diversity of wildlife remains.
  • 11. D E S E R T WILD LIF E Camel (SHIP OF THE DESRT) The driest places on Earth are known as deserts. Food is scarce, and there is little shelter from the sun and wind. Deserts are among the most inhospitable of all places in which to live. In spite of this, many remarkable animals survive and even thrive in these hostile surroundings. Birds, mammals, insects, arachnids, amphibians, and reptiles are all represented, together with some equally remarkable plants.
  • 12. IS LAN D WILD LIF E Isolated locations and the lack of large predators, competitors, and disease has allowed the evolution of a unique range of wildlife on many islands. Island habitats vary greatly, from the ice and rock of Greenland to the tropical rainforests of Borneo. Island floras faunas are fragile ecosystems, easily upset by foreign invaders and freak weather conditions. Some islands posses unique species found nowhere else (endemics); other remote islands Dense vegetation cover provides are inhabited by species from homes for many animals. otherwise extinct groups (relicts).
  • 13. LAK E AN D R IVE R WILD LIF E The freshwater habitats on land may be tiny in volume compared with the oceans, but the many lakes, ponds, and rivers are home to a huge variety of wildlife. Plants take root in the soft soil and provide food and shelter for many different animals. These include air-breathing that enter the water froe the surroundings as well as truly aquatic creatures, which spend all their time in water. Together, they show all manner of adaptations to underwater life, including ways of making shelters and of copying with fast currents or murky conditions. Lake contains cold, clear water from mountains streams
  • 14. M OU N T A I N W I L D L I F E Tree line – above this level The great mountain chains of the Snow on it is too cold and world are very beautiful but they offer higher slopes harsh for trees to grow testing conditions for wildlife. The animals that live there, such as the alpine ibex, are either exceptionally hardy to cope with steep and rocky terrain or, like the Andean condor, specially adapted to high winds and cold nights in thin air. In temperate and cold climates, winter is very harsh in the mountains, bringing gale force winds and deep snow that drive many animals down towards shelter. By contrast, in summer , the strong sunshine of high altitudes gives a real boost to life, bringing the buzz of insects and the songs of nesting birds Dense trees cover and to mountain slopes. other vegetation on lower slopes
  • 15. O C E AN WILD LIF E The ocean covers two-third of the Earth’s surface. This vast body of water is home to a great variety of plants and animals. On the ocean floor, there are underwater mountains ranges, plains covered with clays and mud-like oozes, deep trenches, and submerged mountains called sea mounts. Animals live in all these regions and in all depths of the ocean. Generally, food is scarce in the deep because there is no light for photosynthesis , which enables plant growth. Plants are restricted to the sunlit waters near the surface, where they either drift in the sea or float, anchored to the seabed. Ocean wildlife is at its richest in the warm, shallow waters of coral reefs.
  • 16. WI LD LI F E I N D A N GE R Since life began on Earth, many species of plants and animals have died out- mostly because of human interference. The main threats to wildlife today are habitat destruction, hunting and collecting, and pollution. Many plants and animals are now protected by law. There are some environmental organizations which are dedicated to helping plants and animals in danger and finding solutions to worldwide ecological problems, for e.g.:- Greenpeace, friends of the Earth, International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW), World Wildlife Fund (WWF) etc.
  • 18. Species getting extinct Bottle -nos e d olp h ins
  • 20. Species getting extinct Two h orne d rh inoce ros
  • 21. E nvironmental OR GA N I SA T I ON Some logos of environmental organization are:- GR E E NP E AC E Friends of the Earth Greenpeace 26-28 Underwood Street Canonbury Villas London N1 7JQ London N1 2PN www.greenpeace.org www.foei.org
  • 22. E nvironmental F A C T S It is estimated that over the next 20 years almost half a million species of plants and animals will become extinct. The ivory-build woodpecker used to live in forest swamps. It is one of the world’s rarest birds and is endangered. All species of rhinoceros are now protected by law. Many rhinoceros were killed for their horns, which are reputed to have medicinal qualities. The population of the komodo dragon, the largest-living lizard, is at a dangerously low level because of over-hunting by collectors.
  • 23. C ON SE R V A T I ON OF WI LD LI F E The large scale poaching (killing) of wild animals residing in the forests by man is a serious threat to the survival of many animal and bird species. This also disturbs the food chains in which these animals occur resulting in undesirable consequences for the whole ecosystem. Now, to make some money, some people kill the animals indiscriminately in large numbers to obtain their skin, horns, teeth, etc. This large scale killing of animals disrupts the food chains in which snakes occur and creates an imbalance in nature.
  • 24. SOM E ST E P S T O C ON SE R V E WI LD LI F E It is very important to conserve wildlife to maintain the ecological balance in nature and to preserve the gene pool. Some of the measures (or steps) to be taken for the conservation of wildlife are given below :- Laws should be made to impose a total ban on poaching (killing) or capturing of any animal or bird belonging to an endangered species. The poaching of an endangered species of animals and birds should be made a punishable offence. Even if some type of wild animals and birds are in abundance today, their indiscriminate killing should not be allowed by the forest authorities.
  • 25. SOM E ST E P S T O C ON SE R V E WI LD LI F E The natural habitats of wild animals and birds should be preserved by establishing National Parks and Sanctuaries throughout the country. The Government Department connected with the conservation of wildlife should conduct a periodic survey in all forests, National Parks and Sanctuaries to have a knowledge of all species of wild animals and birds, so that these animals can be helped in the times of distress like floods and famines. Special attention should be paid to the conservation of endangered species of wild animals and birds to prevent their extinction altogether.
  • 26. A N I M A LS A N D H U M A N S V I E F OR SP A C E With 2 percent(%) of the world’s land and 16 percent of its people, India is fast losing its wildlife habitat. Sanctuaries such as Nagarahole—where men collects gaur skulls for a study of predator behavior—give scant haven to Indian's embattled animal species. Isolation of small groups weakens gene pools, but plans for protected corianders between parks are stalled.
  • 27. THANKS FOR YOUR KIND CONSIDERATION Made by:- Ashwani Kumar