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Web Services Foundation Technologies

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Pankaj Saharan
Pankaj Saharan

This document summarizes key concepts related to web services technologies including service-oriented architecture (SOA), XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. It discusses how these standards enable application integration and interoperability. The rise of web services allows for a more flexible and agile approach to developing applications and integrating systems. Major benefits include loose coupling, reusability, and simplifying enterprise application integration. However, web services also face challenges related to performance and managing expectations.

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Web Services Foundation Technologies And How They Impact Enterprise Applications, Business and the Web Tan Miaoqing Pankaj Saharan Helsinki University of Technology
Agenda • Web Services in General • Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) • Web Services Fundamental – XML, SOAP, WSDL, UDDI • Application Integration • How Web Services impact the Web • Problems and Challenges 2006-12-12 2
What is a Web Service? The “Quick and Dirty” Definition: A website without a Graphical User Interface (GUI)..
No GUI??? Consider www.google.com • WWW-based Search Engine • Simple input • Rich result set (hyperlinks, images, etc.) What if you could design your own User Interface but still use the google search engine?
The Underlying Idea • Provide useful functions via WWW • Allow Developers to create Apps • Developers responsible for GUI
Key concept: Service
Service-oriented Architecture (1/2) Composable Interoperable SOA Re-Usable Loosely Coupled • A software architecture – Uses loosely coupled software services to support the requirements of business processes – Different applications can exchange data and participate in business processes, regardless of underlying implementation details
Service-oriented Architecture (2/2) • SOA focuses on the description of business problem – Previous approaches focus more on specific execution environment technology • Independent Services – Separating service interface from the execution technology, allowing IT departments to choose implementation • Business agility – New applications can be developed by composing existing services
Web Services “The Web can grow significantly in power and scope if it is extended to support communication between applications, from one program to another” -From the W3C XML Protocol Working Group Charter GOAL: “enabling systematic application-to-application interaction on the Web” “Web services” is an effort to build a distributed computing platform for the Web
Basic Web Services Points to description UDDI Registry WSDL Finds Service Web Service Web Service Client Client (J2EE, .NET, (J2EE, .NET, PL/SQL …) PL/SQL …) Points to service Describes Service SOAP Invokes with XML Messages Web Service Web Service (J2EE, PL/SQL, (J2EE, PL/SQL, .NET,C/C++, .NET,C/C++, Legacy …) Legacy …)
SOAP Is… • • • • • • A “wrapper” protocol Written in XML Independent of the wrapped data Independent of the transport protocol Efficient (according to the W3C) A uni-directional message exchange paradigm
Message Anatomy SOAP Envelope SOAP Header Header Block ... Header Block SOAP Body Body Block ... Body Block
Message Representation <?xml version="1.0" ?> <env:Envelope xmlns:env="http://www.w3.org/soap-envelope"> <env:Header> <data:headerBlock xmlns:data="http://example.com/header" env:actor="http://example.com/actor" env:mustUnderstand="true"> ... </data:headerBlock> ... </env:Header> <env:Body> <data:bodyBlock xmlns:data="http://example.com/header"> ... </data:bodyBlock> ... </env:Body> </env:Envelope> 2002.2.4 13
WSDL • An XML based grammar for describing the capabilities of Web Services • Extensible • Jointly developed by Microsoft and IBM • Similar in concept to IDL, but it’s not IDL -IDL is platform dependent -WSDL is platform independent
Using WSDL As extended IDL: WSDL allows tools to generate compatible client and server stubs Allows industries to define standardized service interfaces Allows advertisement of service descriptions, enables dynamic discovery and binding of compatible services -Used in conjunction with UDDI registry Provides a normalized description of heterogeneous applications
UDDI • Universal Description, Discovery and Integration • A project to speed interoperability and adoption of web services -Standards-based specifications for service description and discovery -Shared operation of a business registry on the web • Partnership among industry and business leaders • But still optional and not core Web Services Technology
Fact… Meaning? How Web Services Impact enterprise applications, business, and the Web
Application Integration (1/2) • Enterprise Dislocation Big Corporations International Biz Worldwide Market Globalization – Each department makes its own decisions – Processes of the business are incompatible • Interfaces are devised between different business tasks one by one – Using different models and communications protocols • Hard to change the business to respond quick shifts in the market
Application Integration (2/2) • Two types of Integration – Internal: Enterprise Integration – External: B2B Integration • If all applications use a common programming interface and interoperability protocol – Job of IT will be much simpler • Integration Products
Web services and Integration (1/3) Source from [1]
Web services and Integration (2/3) • How XML helps simplify the integration – Independently define data type and structure – Provides a clear separation between the definition of a service and its execution • Separates technical issues from business issues – Divides responsibility within IT departments • Create services: dealing with underlying technology on which service is being deployed and ensuring services descriptions are right • Consume services: assembling business process flows, ensuring them accurately reflect business requirements
Web services and Integration (3/3) Focus on shared data and reusable services • Services (create) – Business Logic • Service Bus – Integrate Services – Communicate with App • SOAP – Interaction between services and applications • Business Process Engine – Drive an automatic flow across multiple services (consume) • Service Repository – Store and retrieve services descriptions
Benefit • Making the business more reconfigurable – Devising common languages and protocols between business processes • Loose Coupling – Reusable, Interoperable components – Replace large, tightly-coupled, monolithic systems and packaged software – Simpler systems, lower-cost of maintenance, ease of modification and integration with other systems • Greater agility, inter-operability with other companies
Amazon’s WebOS Strategy (1/3) • How Web Services impact the Web? • Productizing their own infrastructure – 10 years experiences in large-scale distributed computing • Make web-scale computing easier for developers – Hides complexity behind simple APIs and offers services for a reasonable cost
Amazon’s WebOS Strategy (2/3) • eCommerce – Exposes Amazon's product data and e-commerce functionality – Retrieve detailed item information, including prices, images, customer reviews, and more
Amazon’s WebOS Strategy (3/3) • S3 (Storage) – A huge hashtable, storing objects up to 5GB – Minimal API for write, read and delete – Service works over multiple protocols like HTTP and BitTorrent
Meaning • A new computing paradigm, where web services give rise to a new web-based operating system • Key elements of WebOS – Infinitely scalable storage, dynamic indexing service, grid computing, etc • A new way to think about application development • Lightweight companies will benefit – Business agility, lower development costs
Open Thoughts Problems, Future and Conclusion
SOAP (In)Efficiency HTTP Request HTTP Body XML Syntax SOAP Envelope SOAP Body SOAP Body Block Textual Integer Sender 0x0b66 Receiver
Future..
Gartner’s ‘Hype’ Curve Key: Time to “plateau” Visibility Biometrics Less than two years Two to five years Five to 10 years Beyond 10 years Grid Computing Natural-language search Web Services Identity services Personal digital assistant phones Nanocomputing Text-tospeech E-tags Personal fuel cells Technology trigger Peak of inflated expectations Virtual private networks Speech recognition in call centers Voice over IP Bluetooth Public key infrastructure Peer-to-peer computing WAP/ Wireless Web Wireless LANs/802.11 Location sensing Speech recognition on desktops Trough of disillusionment Slope of enlightenment Plateau of productivity Maturity Source: Gartner Group
A recent Kubernan survey • Almost 90 percent of enterprises will employ Web services within the next year
Gartner’s ‘Hype’ Curve Visibility Key: Time to “plateau” Less than two years Two to five years Five to 10 years Beyond 10 years Web Services Technology trigger Peak of inflated expectations Trough of disillusionment Slope of enlightenment Plateau of productivity Maturity Source: Gartner Group
Conclusions • The Web services framework is being defined, standardized and supported by the industry at a record pace. • Broad industry acceptance and standard compliance will make it ubiquitous. • Will bring an unprecedented level of interoperability to Web applications. – app-to-app conversation • Will provide “Develop once ,Use often” opportunity. • The benefits of Web services, however, are not limited to the Web! – Loose coupling, re-usability, business agility • Not Silver Bullet, but will be widely adopted – For Enterprise Application Integration, etc
For more information 1. Understanding SOA with Web Services : Newcomer and Lomow 2. SOAP : http://www.w3c.org/TR/soap 3. WSDL: http://www.w3c.org/TR/wsdl 4. UDDI : http://www.uddi.org
Thank You!! • Journey to the West – A famous Chinese legend about the Buddhist monk Xuánzàng's pilgrimage to India with his three protectors during the Tang Dynasty in order to obtain Buddhist religious texts

More Related Content

Web Services Foundation Technologies

  • 1. Web Services Foundation Technologies And How They Impact Enterprise Applications, Business and the Web Tan Miaoqing Pankaj Saharan Helsinki University of Technology
  • 2. Agenda • Web Services in General • Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) • Web Services Fundamental – XML, SOAP, WSDL, UDDI • Application Integration • How Web Services impact the Web • Problems and Challenges 2006-12-12 2
  • 3. What is a Web Service? The “Quick and Dirty” Definition: A website without a Graphical User Interface (GUI)..
  • 4. No GUI??? Consider www.google.com • WWW-based Search Engine • Simple input • Rich result set (hyperlinks, images, etc.) What if you could design your own User Interface but still use the google search engine?
  • 5. The Underlying Idea • Provide useful functions via WWW • Allow Developers to create Apps • Developers responsible for GUI
  • 7. Service-oriented Architecture (1/2) Composable Interoperable SOA Re-Usable Loosely Coupled • A software architecture – Uses loosely coupled software services to support the requirements of business processes – Different applications can exchange data and participate in business processes, regardless of underlying implementation details
  • 8. Service-oriented Architecture (2/2) • SOA focuses on the description of business problem – Previous approaches focus more on specific execution environment technology • Independent Services – Separating service interface from the execution technology, allowing IT departments to choose implementation • Business agility – New applications can be developed by composing existing services
  • 9. Web Services “The Web can grow significantly in power and scope if it is extended to support communication between applications, from one program to another” -From the W3C XML Protocol Working Group Charter GOAL: “enabling systematic application-to-application interaction on the Web” “Web services” is an effort to build a distributed computing platform for the Web
  • 10. Basic Web Services Points to description UDDI Registry WSDL Finds Service Web Service Web Service Client Client (J2EE, .NET, (J2EE, .NET, PL/SQL …) PL/SQL …) Points to service Describes Service SOAP Invokes with XML Messages Web Service Web Service (J2EE, PL/SQL, (J2EE, PL/SQL, .NET,C/C++, .NET,C/C++, Legacy …) Legacy …)
  • 11. SOAP Is… • • • • • • A “wrapper” protocol Written in XML Independent of the wrapped data Independent of the transport protocol Efficient (according to the W3C) A uni-directional message exchange paradigm
  • 12. Message Anatomy SOAP Envelope SOAP Header Header Block ... Header Block SOAP Body Body Block ... Body Block
  • 13. Message Representation <?xml version="1.0" ?> <env:Envelope xmlns:env="http://www.w3.org/soap-envelope"> <env:Header> <data:headerBlock xmlns:data="http://example.com/header" env:actor="http://example.com/actor" env:mustUnderstand="true"> ... </data:headerBlock> ... </env:Header> <env:Body> <data:bodyBlock xmlns:data="http://example.com/header"> ... </data:bodyBlock> ... </env:Body> </env:Envelope> 2002.2.4 13
  • 14. WSDL • An XML based grammar for describing the capabilities of Web Services • Extensible • Jointly developed by Microsoft and IBM • Similar in concept to IDL, but it’s not IDL -IDL is platform dependent -WSDL is platform independent
  • 15. Using WSDL As extended IDL: WSDL allows tools to generate compatible client and server stubs Allows industries to define standardized service interfaces Allows advertisement of service descriptions, enables dynamic discovery and binding of compatible services -Used in conjunction with UDDI registry Provides a normalized description of heterogeneous applications
  • 16. UDDI • Universal Description, Discovery and Integration • A project to speed interoperability and adoption of web services -Standards-based specifications for service description and discovery -Shared operation of a business registry on the web • Partnership among industry and business leaders • But still optional and not core Web Services Technology
  • 17. Fact… Meaning? How Web Services Impact enterprise applications, business, and the Web
  • 18. Application Integration (1/2) • Enterprise Dislocation Big Corporations International Biz Worldwide Market Globalization – Each department makes its own decisions – Processes of the business are incompatible • Interfaces are devised between different business tasks one by one – Using different models and communications protocols • Hard to change the business to respond quick shifts in the market
  • 19. Application Integration (2/2) • Two types of Integration – Internal: Enterprise Integration – External: B2B Integration • If all applications use a common programming interface and interoperability protocol – Job of IT will be much simpler • Integration Products
  • 20. Web services and Integration (1/3) Source from [1]
  • 21. Web services and Integration (2/3) • How XML helps simplify the integration – Independently define data type and structure – Provides a clear separation between the definition of a service and its execution • Separates technical issues from business issues – Divides responsibility within IT departments • Create services: dealing with underlying technology on which service is being deployed and ensuring services descriptions are right • Consume services: assembling business process flows, ensuring them accurately reflect business requirements
  • 22. Web services and Integration (3/3) Focus on shared data and reusable services • Services (create) – Business Logic • Service Bus – Integrate Services – Communicate with App • SOAP – Interaction between services and applications • Business Process Engine – Drive an automatic flow across multiple services (consume) • Service Repository – Store and retrieve services descriptions
  • 23. Benefit • Making the business more reconfigurable – Devising common languages and protocols between business processes • Loose Coupling – Reusable, Interoperable components – Replace large, tightly-coupled, monolithic systems and packaged software – Simpler systems, lower-cost of maintenance, ease of modification and integration with other systems • Greater agility, inter-operability with other companies
  • 24. Amazon’s WebOS Strategy (1/3) • How Web Services impact the Web? • Productizing their own infrastructure – 10 years experiences in large-scale distributed computing • Make web-scale computing easier for developers – Hides complexity behind simple APIs and offers services for a reasonable cost
  • 25. Amazon’s WebOS Strategy (2/3) • eCommerce – Exposes Amazon's product data and e-commerce functionality – Retrieve detailed item information, including prices, images, customer reviews, and more
  • 26. Amazon’s WebOS Strategy (3/3) • S3 (Storage) – A huge hashtable, storing objects up to 5GB – Minimal API for write, read and delete – Service works over multiple protocols like HTTP and BitTorrent
  • 27. Meaning • A new computing paradigm, where web services give rise to a new web-based operating system • Key elements of WebOS – Infinitely scalable storage, dynamic indexing service, grid computing, etc • A new way to think about application development • Lightweight companies will benefit – Business agility, lower development costs
  • 29. SOAP (In)Efficiency HTTP Request HTTP Body XML Syntax SOAP Envelope SOAP Body SOAP Body Block Textual Integer Sender 0x0b66 Receiver
  • 31. Gartner’s ‘Hype’ Curve Key: Time to “plateau” Visibility Biometrics Less than two years Two to five years Five to 10 years Beyond 10 years Grid Computing Natural-language search Web Services Identity services Personal digital assistant phones Nanocomputing Text-tospeech E-tags Personal fuel cells Technology trigger Peak of inflated expectations Virtual private networks Speech recognition in call centers Voice over IP Bluetooth Public key infrastructure Peer-to-peer computing WAP/ Wireless Web Wireless LANs/802.11 Location sensing Speech recognition on desktops Trough of disillusionment Slope of enlightenment Plateau of productivity Maturity Source: Gartner Group
  • 32. A recent Kubernan survey • Almost 90 percent of enterprises will employ Web services within the next year
  • 33. Gartner’s ‘Hype’ Curve Visibility Key: Time to “plateau” Less than two years Two to five years Five to 10 years Beyond 10 years Web Services Technology trigger Peak of inflated expectations Trough of disillusionment Slope of enlightenment Plateau of productivity Maturity Source: Gartner Group
  • 34. Conclusions • The Web services framework is being defined, standardized and supported by the industry at a record pace. • Broad industry acceptance and standard compliance will make it ubiquitous. • Will bring an unprecedented level of interoperability to Web applications. – app-to-app conversation • Will provide “Develop once ,Use often” opportunity. • The benefits of Web services, however, are not limited to the Web! – Loose coupling, re-usability, business agility • Not Silver Bullet, but will be widely adopted – For Enterprise Application Integration, etc
  • 35. For more information 1. Understanding SOA with Web Services : Newcomer and Lomow 2. SOAP : http://www.w3c.org/TR/soap 3. WSDL: http://www.w3c.org/TR/wsdl 4. UDDI : http://www.uddi.org
  • 36. Thank You!! • Journey to the West – A famous Chinese legend about the Buddhist monk Xuánzàng's pilgrimage to India with his three protectors during the Tang Dynasty in order to obtain Buddhist religious texts