Biresh K Sahoo

Xavier University Bhubaneswar, Economics, Faculty Member

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Dr. Biresh Sahoo specializes in Applied Production Frontier Analysis, and his research interests are in the areas of efficiency and productivity performance of firms and economics of benchmarking.

His research work has appeared in European Journal of Operational Research, International Journa of Production Economics, Omega: The International Journal of Management Science, Ecological Economics, Annals of Operations Research, International Transactions in Operational Research, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Journal of the Operations Research Society of Japan, and others. He has published three books.

He is a Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellow, a Lise Meitner Fellow, and a Visiting Professor (Jawaharlal Nehru University, India). His research has been supported by the JSPS, Japan and the Board of Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Austria.

Currently, he is an Associate Editor of Omega - The International Journal of Management Science.

Scholar’s Citation Indices (as of September 02, 2016)
h-index: 15 (Google Scholar)
<http://scholar.google.co.in/citations?hl=en&user=tKolDVgAAAAJ>
h-index: 12 (Scopus, Science Direct)
<http://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.url?authorId=7003533402>

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Papers by Biresh K Sahoo

A Fair Division Based on Two Criteria

by Biresh K Sahoo and Kaoru Tone

Constructing macroeconomic performance index of Indian states using DEA

by Debashis Acharya and Biresh K Sahoo

Journal of Economic Studies, 2012

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Examining the Total Factor Productivity Change in Radial and Non-Radial Dea Models: An Application to Indian Commercial Banks

by Biresh K Sahoo and Debashis Acharya

Abstract: Radial and non-radial DEA models are distinguished on the basis of the presence of slac... more Abstract: Radial and non-radial DEA models are distinguished on the basis of the presence of slacks. Viewing slacks as a possible source of inefficiency, this paper makes an empirical attempt to assess the relative strengths of these two sets of models in examining the total factor productivity change and its components using both unadjusted and heteroscedasticity-adjusted data of Indian banking sector. Our broad findings are indicative in many ways. First, radial models tend to underestimate the total factor productivity change and its ...

Radial and non-radial decompositions of Luenberger productivity indicator with an illustrative application

by Biresh K Sahoo and Bernhard Mahlberg

International Journal of Production Economics, Jan 1, 2011

Viewing slacks as one possible source of inefficiency, and that inputs have differential importan... more Viewing slacks as one possible source of inefficiency, and that inputs have differential importance in the production process, this paper develops, based on the directional Russell measure of inefficiency, the non-radial Luenberger indicator. This indicator is then shown as the sum of the individual input-specific Luenberger indicators. The Luenberger indicator and its various input-specific indicators are also then shown as the composite measure of efficiency change and technical change. This decomposition enables the researcher to empirically examine the contributions of each factor input towards the productivity change and its components--efficiency change and technical change. Our proposed decomposition scheme is then empirically illustrated to analyze the eco-productivity performance behavior of the 22 OECD countries during the period 1995-2004. Our results indicate that first, the productivity change estimates yielded from the non-radial Luenberger indicator are different from those yielded from its radial counterpart, when slacks are present; second, most of these countries are found experiencing productivity growth due to technical progress alone; and finally, as regards the order of input-specific contributions towards productivity growth, capital contributes the most, followed by savings in emissions and labor, respectively.

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Decomposing technical inefficiency using the principle of least action

by Bernhard Mahlberg and Biresh K Sahoo

journal article

In for-profit organizations, profit efficiency decomposition is considered important since estima... more In for-profit organizations, profit efficiency decomposition is considered important since estimates on profit drivers are of practical use to managers in their decision making. Profit efficiency is traditionally due to two sources - technical efficiency and allocative efficiency. The contribution of this paper is a novel decomposition of technical efficiency that could be more practical to use if the firm under evaluation really wants to achieve technical efficiency as soon as possible. For this purpose, we show how a new version of the Measure of Inefficiency Proportions (MIP), which seeks the minimization of the total technical effort by the assessed firm, is a lower bound of the value of technical inefficiency associated with the directional distance function. The targets provided by the new MIP could be beneficial for firms since it specifies how firms may become technically efficient simply by decreasing one input or increasing one output, suggesting that each firm should focus its effort on a specific dimension (input or output). This approach is operationalized in a data envelopment analysis framework and applied to a dataset of airlines.

Alternative measures of environmental technology structure in DEA: An application

by Bernhard Mahlberg, M. Luptáčik, Biresh K Sahoo, and Mikulas Luptacik

European Journal of Operational …, Jan 1, 2011

The nonparametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) literature on environmental efficiency (EE) con... more The nonparametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) literature on environmental efficiency (EE) considers handling undesirable outputs in two alternative ways: either in their original forms with the assumption that these are weakly disposable or in various translated forms with the assumption that these are strongly disposable. Choosing a particular approach implies adoption of a particular, distinct treatment of undesirable outputs, and hence yields a distinct set of EE estimates. To explore the effects of the interplay between choice of EE measure and specific treatment of undesirable outputs, this paper attempts to generate all possible output-oriented EE measures based on these two alternative approaches. Furthermore, guided by the argument that slacks are important in identifying properly the efficiency behavior of firms, it proposes two new alternative, slacks-based formulations of EE: one based on the range directional model, and the other on the generalized proportional distance function model. Using a confected data set of ten firms and a real-life data set of 22 OECD countries, our empirical analysis reveals that: first, EE scores are influenced not only by the choice of disposability assumption for undesirable outputs but also by the way these are treated in various translated forms; second, the choice of any particular treatment of undesirable outputs plays no role in influencing the rankings of firms; and third, our two new alternative EE formulations are, at the least, viable alternatives to existing EE measures in ranking firms according to their eco-efficiency behavior.

Examining the drivers of total factor productivity change with an illustrative example of 14 EU countries

by Bernhard Mahlberg, M. Luptáčik, Biresh K Sahoo, and Mikulas Luptacik

Ecological Economics, Jan 1, 2011

Based on the different models developed by Korhonen and Luptacik [Korhonen, P., Luptacik, M., 200... more Based on the different models developed by Korhonen and Luptacik [Korhonen, P., Luptacik, M., 2004. Eco-efficiency analysis of power plants: An extension of data envelopment analysis. European Journal of Operational Research 154, 437–46], this contribution centers on the development of an intertemporal comparison in order to analyze eco-efficiency change over time. In this setup two model variants by Korhonen and Luptacik (2004) are used in order to provide deeper insights concerning the driving forces for the change in the eco-efficiency. Which bias in technical change can be observed? Is it more input-saving or pollution-reducing? For illustration purposes the proposed approach is used to analyze the performance of 14 countries of the European Union for the period 1995–2004. An average eco-productivity growth of 22% is observed. The estimated contribution of improved use of input is 20% and that of reduced relation of greenhouse gas emissions is 23%. Therefore it is concluded that, on average, the eco-productivity growth is more driven by improved environmental conditions.

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Research Productivity in Management Schools of India: A Directional Benefit-of-Doubt Model Analysis

by Biresh K Sahoo and Bineet Mishra

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Measuring Technical Efficiency in Data Envelopment Analysis

by Biresh K Sahoo and Pratap K J Mohapatra

OPSEARCH

ABSTRACT

Returns to Scale and Technical Efficiency in Indian Agriculture

An Empirical Comparison of Farrell and Koopmans Measures of Technical Efficiency in Data Envelopment Analysis

Measuring Productivity Growth and Capacity Utilization in Data Envelopment Analysis: An Application

Abstract: This article first reviews the well-known nonparametric methods of decomposing producti... more Abstract: This article first reviews the well-known nonparametric methods of decomposing productivity growth and finally argue that Färe et al.(1994)&amp;amp;amp;#x27;s method of computing productivity growth is superior in spite of the fact that this model model is based on convexity postulate, which assumes away some important technological features such as indivisiblities, economies of scale, and economies of specialization, which all arise from concavities in production. Second, we find the measurement of capacity utilization by Färe ...

Indivisibilities and Economies of Scope in Data Envelopment Analysis♣

by Biresh K Sahoo and Kaoru Tone

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Examining the Total Factor Productivity Change in Radial and Non-radial DEA Models: An Application to Indian Commercial Banks

Radial and non-radial DEA models are distinguished on the basis of the presence of slacks. Viewin... more Radial and non-radial DEA models are distinguished on the basis of the presence of slacks. Viewing slacks as a possible source of inefficiency, this paper makes an empirical attempt to assess the relative strengths of these two sets of models in examining the total factor productivity change and its components using both unadjusted and heteroscedasticity-adjusted data of Indian banking sector. Our broad findings are indicative in many ways. First, radial models tend to underestimate the total factor productivity change and its components when slacks are present. Second, the unadjusted and heteroscedasticity-adjusted data yield different sets of estimates for TFPCH and its components. Third, the foreign banks are though found the clear winner in exhibiting better productivity and efficiency growth behavior; the nationalized banks exhibit marginal improvement in terms of technology. Finally, both radial and non-radial models are, though, in broad agreement in picking up the best and w...

Evaluating Technical Change: An Application to Indian Sunrise Industries

Scale, Scope and Capacity Utilization in DEA

The indivisibility argument plays an important role to explain scale, scope and capacity utilizat... more The indivisibility argument plays an important role to explain scale, scope and capacity utilization behavior of multi-product firms. This paper makes an attempt by examining the economic relationship among scale, scope and capacity utilization in the context of a multi-stage production model where idle capacities arising from indivisibilities lead to scale and scope effects. Using the nonparametric approach called data envelopment analysis (DEA), we have modeled this multi-stage production process to reveal the underlying cost structure, which exhibits such scale and scope economies due to idle capacities arising from indivisibilities in inputs. Our empirical example of multi-stage production demonstrates that first, economies of scope are negatively correlated with capacity utilization, and second, idle capacities are negatively correlated with capacity utilization but positively with economies of scope.

Decomposition of Total Factor Productivity Growth in Nonparametric Framework: A Reconsideration

An attempt is first made in this paper to illustrate in nonparametric framework the decomposition... more An attempt is first made in this paper to illustrate in nonparametric framework the decomposition of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) into technical change and efficiency change. Färe et al. (1994) measure TFPG by taking geometric mean of two Malmquist indexes proposed by Caves et al. (1982), assuming that these two indexes are very different from each other. We have, however, shown that these two indexes are, in fact, the one and same for the case of constant returns to scale (CRS) technology involving single input and single output. In case of multi-input and output CRS technology, the productivity estimates of these two indexes are broadly similar. Our empirical results based on Indian Sunrise industries data indicate that the transition period of economic liberalization experiences high productivity decay despite high technical progress, suggesting bold policy decisions required by Government to bring changes in institutional and environmental climate to increase producti...

Performance Evaluation of Banks in India: Post Transition Period

Measuring Scale Elasticity in Two-stage Network DEA

The constant returns to scale assumption maintained by the neoclassical theorists for justifying ... more The constant returns to scale assumption maintained by the neoclassical theorists for justifying the structure of the black-box production process in the long run does not necessarily allow one to infer that there are no scale benefits available in the sub-processes. Since most of the real-life production processes are multi-stage in nature, and the real sources of increasing returns mostly lie in the sub-processes, it is therefore imperative to unfold the black-box technology. To accomplish this, we consider a special case of modeling a firm technology consisting of two sub-technologies connected in series in which we suggest two approaches to estimate SE behaviors of firms. The first approach involves the use of a single VRS-based production frontier for two sub-technologies to determine SE of firms for the network technology, and the second approach uses two independent VRS-based production frontiers, one for each sub-technology to determine SE of firms for their sub-technologies.