AGPE The Royal Gondwana Research Journal of History, Science, Economic, Political and Social science, 2024
Spatial variability of soil chemical properties is critical for improving crops productivity and ... more Spatial variability of soil chemical properties is critical for improving crops productivity and sustainable farming techniques. This study was conducted to determine chemical properties of soils in selected area of Department of Agricultural Research (DAR). The study area was located at the field of Department of Agricultural Research, which is located at Zayar Thiri Township, Nay Pyi Taw in Myanmar. A total of 235 soil samples were collected in a systematic grid design using geographical positioning system (GPS). Each grid was specified with the distance of 50 m × 50 m. Variables measured were soil pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, exchangeable sodium and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Among the statistical results, exchangeable Mg showed the highest variability and soil pH showed the least variability with a coefficient of variation (CV) 69.37% and 8.40% and the values ranged from 0.24 cmol c kg-1 to 6.83 cmol c kg-1 and 4.82 to 7.53, respectively. The electrical conductivity with an average of 0.059 dS m-1 was obtained. The spatial distribution of cation exchange capacity ranged from 1.86 cmol c kg-1 to 12.82 cmol c kg-1. Low to high range of available phosphorus was observed between 1.95 mg kg-1 and 27.91 mg kg-1. The available potassium content in the selected area of DAR soils ranged between 10 mg kg-1 to 317 mg kg-1. Exchangeable calcium varied from 1.13 to 8.35 cmol c kg-1. The soil exchangeable sodium values of the selected area of DAR soil samples varied from 0.05 cmol c kg-1 to 0.69 cmol c kg-1. The pH of the soils was strongly acid to moderately alkaline and EC was non saline condition. The organic matter content found in the selected area varied from 0.33% to 20.85% and the variability of soil chemical properties existed largely due to the differences in management practices by the researchers, and therefore, the researchers should be encouraged to adopt organic matter improvement practices for improving the long-term storage of soil fertility
To evaluate the effect of different levels of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and... more To evaluate the effect of different levels of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of SinThuKha rice variety, the experiment was conducted with randomized complete block (RCB) design by three replications. The experiments were carried out in Water Utilization Research section, Department of Agricultural Research (DAR) at Yezin, Naypyitaw, Myanmar during dry and wet seasons, 2023.The organic sources used were poultry manure and cow dung manure. The treatments were T1 (Control), T2 (100% RFF) (Recommended Rate of Fertilizer), T3 (6 t ha-1 Cow dung manure) (CM), T4 (6 t ha-1 Poultry Manure) (PM), T5 (25% RRF + 4.5 t ha-1 CM), T6 (25% RRF + 4.5 t ha-1 PM), T7 (50% RRF+ 3 t ha-1 CM), T8 (50% RRF + 3 t ha-1 PM), T9 (75% RRF+1.5 t ha-1 CM), T10 (75% RRF+1.5 t ha-1 PM). It was observed that the grain yields as well as the yield attributing parameters like number of tillers hill-1 , panicle length, number of panicles hill-1 , number of spikelets panicle-1 , filled grain percent were significantly different among different treatments except Original Research Article
Cadmium (Cd) is a common impurity in phosphate fertilizers and application of phosphate fertilize... more Cadmium (Cd) is a common impurity in phosphate fertilizers and application of phosphate fertilizer may contribute to soil Cd accumulation. Changes in Cd burdens to agricultural soils and the potential for plant Cd accumulation resulting from fertilizer input were investigated in this study. A field experiment was conducted on Haplaquept to investigate the influence of calcium superphosphate on extractable and
A study was conducted to observe the demographic characteristics of farmers, to assess the use of... more A study was conducted to observe the demographic characteristics of farmers, to assess the use of fertilizers application by farmer and to identify the current status of cropping pattern in the study area. The demographic profiles of 60 respondents stated that the age ranged from 30 to 78 years and land holding ranged from 0.10 to 2.80 ha. The majority of farmers (40%) had a primary educational level. Farmers utilized the different kinds of fertilizers (urea, NPK compound, phosphorous, special potash and foliar) depending on crops and time of applications, and 68% of respondents used cattle manure as basal. Response on farming experience indicated that six different levels of 3 to 60 years. The most cropping patterns observed in the study area were rice-black gram, rice-fallow, maize-tomato, maize- tomato and lablab bean intercropping, maize-lablab bean, okra-tomato. In addition, some of the farmers cultivated horticultural crops such as banana, guava and ambarella. There is a highl...
... perviridis or var. komatsuna) and different types of Soil. MAR SWE SWE; Tokyo University of A... more ... perviridis or var. komatsuna) and different types of Soil. MAR SWE SWE; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. OKAZAKI Masanori; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. MOTOBAYASHI Takashi; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. ...
... 22-24 Effect of calcium super phosphate fertilizer application on cadmium in Komatsuna (Brass... more ... 22-24 Effect of calcium super phosphate fertilizer application on cadmium in Komatsuna (Brassica rapa) and soil. Mar Swe Swe; Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agricultural and Technology. Okazaki Masanori; ...
Solar energy is rapidly advancing as an important means of renewable energy resource. Many of the... more Solar energy is rapidly advancing as an important means of renewable energy resource. Many of the solar panels throughout the world are positioned wi th the fixed angles. Solar tracking enables more solar energy to be generated because the solar panel is a ble to maintain a perpendicular profile to the sun’s ra ys. Solar trackers move the solar panel to follow the s un trajectories and keep the orientation of the solar collector at an optima l tilt angle. The main objective of this research is to develop an dual tracking system (azimuth angle as well as altitude angle) in which solar panel will keep aligned with sunlight in order to maximize in harvesting solar power generation from the solar panel and to show for the output power with dualaxis solar tracking system is higher than without tracking system in the sunny day condition. This research focus on the development of new approach to control the dual solar tracking system by using DC motor and controller design is simple struct...
This study examines farmers’ preferences for weather index insurance (WII) in the Ayeyarwady Delt... more This study examines farmers’ preferences for weather index insurance (WII) in the Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar, using discrete choice experiments. It employs data taken from a survey of 317 rice farmers in the district of Labutta in the Ayeyarwady Region, which was conducted in March 2019. After being informed about WII and the trigger conditions, farmers were asked to answer discrete choice questions on WII packages. The hypothetical WII packages consisted of three attributes: the types of disaster that the insurance covers, the insurance coverage rate, and the annual insurance premium rate. A random parameter logit model analysis of the responses reveals that farmers prefer the WII packages covering cyclones, floods, and droughts to that for salt damage. The probabilities of selecting 64 hypothetical WII packages calculated from the estimates indicate that more than 50% of farmers can be expected to purchase seven WII packages for cyclones, floods, and droughts.
Climate change is an underlying cause of many extreme events such as enormous cyclones and errati... more Climate change is an underlying cause of many extreme events such as enormous cyclones and erratic torrential rains. These phenomena threaten farmers in coastal regions of Myanmar. Self-insurance through means such as crop diversification is insufficient for sustainable farm management. Weather index insurance (WII) is receiving much attention because of its low management costs. An optimum WII contract for flood damage using rainfall as the index has been proposed for rice farmers in coastal regions. According to the model, an insurance payment demand function is derived by solving the expected utility maximization problem. The utility function of the contract is specified as constant relative risk aversion type. The production function is specified as Cobb–Douglas type. By substituting real average data of rice production of farmers into this function, the optimum insurance payment and premium are obtained. Changes in insurance compensation by payments according to an increase in ...
Phosphate rocks (PRs) can be a source of cadmium pollution in soil and food chain. PRs are mainly... more Phosphate rocks (PRs) can be a source of cadmium pollution in soil and food chain. PRs are mainly used for the manufacturing of phosphate fertilizers. The characteristics of PRs with special reference to cadmium, which are important phosphate fertilizer source, were ...
AGPE The Royal Gondwana Research Journal of History, Science, Economic, Political and Social science, 2024
Spatial variability of soil chemical properties is critical for improving crops productivity and ... more Spatial variability of soil chemical properties is critical for improving crops productivity and sustainable farming techniques. This study was conducted to determine chemical properties of soils in selected area of Department of Agricultural Research (DAR). The study area was located at the field of Department of Agricultural Research, which is located at Zayar Thiri Township, Nay Pyi Taw in Myanmar. A total of 235 soil samples were collected in a systematic grid design using geographical positioning system (GPS). Each grid was specified with the distance of 50 m × 50 m. Variables measured were soil pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, exchangeable sodium and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Among the statistical results, exchangeable Mg showed the highest variability and soil pH showed the least variability with a coefficient of variation (CV) 69.37% and 8.40% and the values ranged from 0.24 cmol c kg-1 to 6.83 cmol c kg-1 and 4.82 to 7.53, respectively. The electrical conductivity with an average of 0.059 dS m-1 was obtained. The spatial distribution of cation exchange capacity ranged from 1.86 cmol c kg-1 to 12.82 cmol c kg-1. Low to high range of available phosphorus was observed between 1.95 mg kg-1 and 27.91 mg kg-1. The available potassium content in the selected area of DAR soils ranged between 10 mg kg-1 to 317 mg kg-1. Exchangeable calcium varied from 1.13 to 8.35 cmol c kg-1. The soil exchangeable sodium values of the selected area of DAR soil samples varied from 0.05 cmol c kg-1 to 0.69 cmol c kg-1. The pH of the soils was strongly acid to moderately alkaline and EC was non saline condition. The organic matter content found in the selected area varied from 0.33% to 20.85% and the variability of soil chemical properties existed largely due to the differences in management practices by the researchers, and therefore, the researchers should be encouraged to adopt organic matter improvement practices for improving the long-term storage of soil fertility
To evaluate the effect of different levels of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and... more To evaluate the effect of different levels of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of SinThuKha rice variety, the experiment was conducted with randomized complete block (RCB) design by three replications. The experiments were carried out in Water Utilization Research section, Department of Agricultural Research (DAR) at Yezin, Naypyitaw, Myanmar during dry and wet seasons, 2023.The organic sources used were poultry manure and cow dung manure. The treatments were T1 (Control), T2 (100% RFF) (Recommended Rate of Fertilizer), T3 (6 t ha-1 Cow dung manure) (CM), T4 (6 t ha-1 Poultry Manure) (PM), T5 (25% RRF + 4.5 t ha-1 CM), T6 (25% RRF + 4.5 t ha-1 PM), T7 (50% RRF+ 3 t ha-1 CM), T8 (50% RRF + 3 t ha-1 PM), T9 (75% RRF+1.5 t ha-1 CM), T10 (75% RRF+1.5 t ha-1 PM). It was observed that the grain yields as well as the yield attributing parameters like number of tillers hill-1 , panicle length, number of panicles hill-1 , number of spikelets panicle-1 , filled grain percent were significantly different among different treatments except Original Research Article
Cadmium (Cd) is a common impurity in phosphate fertilizers and application of phosphate fertilize... more Cadmium (Cd) is a common impurity in phosphate fertilizers and application of phosphate fertilizer may contribute to soil Cd accumulation. Changes in Cd burdens to agricultural soils and the potential for plant Cd accumulation resulting from fertilizer input were investigated in this study. A field experiment was conducted on Haplaquept to investigate the influence of calcium superphosphate on extractable and
A study was conducted to observe the demographic characteristics of farmers, to assess the use of... more A study was conducted to observe the demographic characteristics of farmers, to assess the use of fertilizers application by farmer and to identify the current status of cropping pattern in the study area. The demographic profiles of 60 respondents stated that the age ranged from 30 to 78 years and land holding ranged from 0.10 to 2.80 ha. The majority of farmers (40%) had a primary educational level. Farmers utilized the different kinds of fertilizers (urea, NPK compound, phosphorous, special potash and foliar) depending on crops and time of applications, and 68% of respondents used cattle manure as basal. Response on farming experience indicated that six different levels of 3 to 60 years. The most cropping patterns observed in the study area were rice-black gram, rice-fallow, maize-tomato, maize- tomato and lablab bean intercropping, maize-lablab bean, okra-tomato. In addition, some of the farmers cultivated horticultural crops such as banana, guava and ambarella. There is a highl...
... perviridis or var. komatsuna) and different types of Soil. MAR SWE SWE; Tokyo University of A... more ... perviridis or var. komatsuna) and different types of Soil. MAR SWE SWE; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. OKAZAKI Masanori; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. MOTOBAYASHI Takashi; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. ...
... 22-24 Effect of calcium super phosphate fertilizer application on cadmium in Komatsuna (Brass... more ... 22-24 Effect of calcium super phosphate fertilizer application on cadmium in Komatsuna (Brassica rapa) and soil. Mar Swe Swe; Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agricultural and Technology. Okazaki Masanori; ...
Solar energy is rapidly advancing as an important means of renewable energy resource. Many of the... more Solar energy is rapidly advancing as an important means of renewable energy resource. Many of the solar panels throughout the world are positioned wi th the fixed angles. Solar tracking enables more solar energy to be generated because the solar panel is a ble to maintain a perpendicular profile to the sun’s ra ys. Solar trackers move the solar panel to follow the s un trajectories and keep the orientation of the solar collector at an optima l tilt angle. The main objective of this research is to develop an dual tracking system (azimuth angle as well as altitude angle) in which solar panel will keep aligned with sunlight in order to maximize in harvesting solar power generation from the solar panel and to show for the output power with dualaxis solar tracking system is higher than without tracking system in the sunny day condition. This research focus on the development of new approach to control the dual solar tracking system by using DC motor and controller design is simple struct...
This study examines farmers’ preferences for weather index insurance (WII) in the Ayeyarwady Delt... more This study examines farmers’ preferences for weather index insurance (WII) in the Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar, using discrete choice experiments. It employs data taken from a survey of 317 rice farmers in the district of Labutta in the Ayeyarwady Region, which was conducted in March 2019. After being informed about WII and the trigger conditions, farmers were asked to answer discrete choice questions on WII packages. The hypothetical WII packages consisted of three attributes: the types of disaster that the insurance covers, the insurance coverage rate, and the annual insurance premium rate. A random parameter logit model analysis of the responses reveals that farmers prefer the WII packages covering cyclones, floods, and droughts to that for salt damage. The probabilities of selecting 64 hypothetical WII packages calculated from the estimates indicate that more than 50% of farmers can be expected to purchase seven WII packages for cyclones, floods, and droughts.
Climate change is an underlying cause of many extreme events such as enormous cyclones and errati... more Climate change is an underlying cause of many extreme events such as enormous cyclones and erratic torrential rains. These phenomena threaten farmers in coastal regions of Myanmar. Self-insurance through means such as crop diversification is insufficient for sustainable farm management. Weather index insurance (WII) is receiving much attention because of its low management costs. An optimum WII contract for flood damage using rainfall as the index has been proposed for rice farmers in coastal regions. According to the model, an insurance payment demand function is derived by solving the expected utility maximization problem. The utility function of the contract is specified as constant relative risk aversion type. The production function is specified as Cobb–Douglas type. By substituting real average data of rice production of farmers into this function, the optimum insurance payment and premium are obtained. Changes in insurance compensation by payments according to an increase in ...
Phosphate rocks (PRs) can be a source of cadmium pollution in soil and food chain. PRs are mainly... more Phosphate rocks (PRs) can be a source of cadmium pollution in soil and food chain. PRs are mainly used for the manufacturing of phosphate fertilizers. The characteristics of PRs with special reference to cadmium, which are important phosphate fertilizer source, were ...
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Papers by Dr. Swe Swe Mar