Global efforts to end poverty and unfair development should focus on the empowered youth as the c... more Global efforts to end poverty and unfair development should focus on the empowered youth as the cornerstone. In Nigeria, the youth form 60 percent of the population. The majority of them are unemployed and ultimately poor. Poverty reduction requires empowerment to overcome the barriers to a better life. This study examined the nature of youth empowerment and its impact on the well-being of the youth in Yobe State, Nigeria. It used a quantitative method and administered questionnaires to 393 randomly selected respondents. Data was collected on youth's attitudes, views and experiences on various aspects of their lives and well-being and the nature of
empowerment programmes in Yobe State. The study findings show that many empowerment programmes have been implemented but have had a low impact on the youth. Poverty and unemployment remain high, mainly among the youth. In addition, youth attitudes and experiences show a lack of satisfaction with the nature of youth empowerment. Disempowered youth lack the confidence and belief that they have the opportunities to develop themselves or escape poverty, and such disempowerment compromises their citizenry's roles as the youth. Therefore, there is a need to improve the infrastructure and strengthen empowerment programmes to improve the well-being of the youth.
There has been growing concern over the state's inability to effectively respond to Nigeria's per... more There has been growing concern over the state's inability to effectively respond to Nigeria's persistent rise in poverty and unemployment. This concern is more among the youth, who feel they have not been empowered enough. This article examines the nature of Yobe State's institutional capacity, its impact on youth empowerment, and its implications on employment and poverty reduction. It is based on a study that adopted a mixed-methods sequential approach combining quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. In the first phase, 393 randomly selected respondents were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. In the second phase, data were collected on key informants and youth participants' opinions, views, and experiences using key informant interviews, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The findings reveal that most youth are not confident of the state's institutional capacity to implement youth empowerment programs effectively. Most of the youth participants and key informants are not satisfied with the expertise of the state empowerment institutions to manage the implementation of the empowerment programs in the state. The factor analysis shows a 64.4% variation in institutional capacity to implement youth empowerment programs, meaning improvement in state capacity and state competence in implementing youth empowerment programs may lead to 64.4% towards youth empowerment in the state. Therefore, the study recommends that Yobe State Government strengthens its institutions responsible for designing and implementing empowerment programs through adequate funding and recruitment of adequate, relevant, and professional staff to ensure policy sustainability.
The study analyses the Poverty Alleviation Programmes as an alternative to Peace and Conflict Res... more The study analyses the Poverty Alleviation Programmes as an alternative to Peace and Conflict Resolution in Northern Nigeria; it links the frequency of Conflicts (insecurity) in the region the incidence of absolute and abject poverty. The study predominantly utilized secondary data. In the final analyses, it is shown that conflicts in the region are traceable to poverty. The study concludes that, peace, stability and security is the foundation for achieving the socio-economic development; therefore, preventing conflict, resolving conflict and for peace to be built, poverty has to be alleviated or eradicate the poverty tension that breeds ground for conflict, which requires a genuine commitment for poverty alleviation programmes and involvement of constituents people at every level–design, implementation and monitoring of poverty reduction programs.
The paper assesses the challenges being faced by power sector reform in Nigeria from 2000 when th... more The paper assesses the challenges being faced by power sector reform in Nigeria from 2000 when the reform was conceived by the then administration of President Olushegun Obasanjo, to the 2013 when actual implementation is beginning to take shape. The research work uses documentary analysis technique to assess various documents in order to find out the rationale behind the reform agenda, the various challenges that the reform must address such as general apathy, fear of price hike and technical expertise of private owners and the prospects of the reform such as revitalization of the manufacturing sector, reduction of unemployment and crime as well as improving national image. The paper offers useful recommendations on how best to guard against failure of the reform agenda by insisting of transparency, due process and safeguarding the reform against possible sabotage.
Corruption is endemic social problem in Nigerian society; it is particularly objectionable in Nig... more Corruption is endemic social problem in Nigerian society; it is particularly objectionable in Nigeria Police Force. This study x-ray prevalence and consequences of corruption in Nigeria Police Force. It predominantly utilized secondary data. This study has identified that, in Nigeria, the police force has become an epitome of all multi corrupt and fraudulent schemes which constitute a stumbling block to the effective administration of justice and efficient maintenance of law and order in Nigeria and have soiled the image of the force. Thus, the study recommends fundamental restructuring, reorganization, total war against police graft to re-invent a new image for the police and professionalization through further training and re-education in the force which would hopefully launch the Nigerian Police Force on the positive side of history.
This paper examined how gender and age differences influence the premarital sexual behaviour of y... more This paper examined how gender and age differences influence the premarital sexual behaviour of young people (Adolescents and young Adults). A sample of 100 students, (50 males and 50 females) between the ages of 18-35 years was randomly drawn from the undergraduate student populations and a 28-question standerdised questionnaire to assess some aspects of their sexual behaviour was administered. Statistical analyses of data involved oneway Anova and Descriptive statistics which indicated that there were no differences gender-wise F(1,98)=0.36,P>0.05, age-wise F(1,98)=0.461, P>0.05 and religion-wise F(2/96)=1.8, P>0.05 in premarital sex, in terms of indulgence, susceptibility to experiment and frequency of indulgence. There is need for more detailed research with emphasis on such potential influences like marital status, ethnicity and social status of respondent(s) on premarital sex.
This paper examines democracy, political instability and the crisis of underdevelopment in Africa... more This paper examines democracy, political instability and the crisis of underdevelopment in Africa. The paper using available sources of data and predicated on modernization theory argues that the African political instability and other related crisis is a consequence of its leadership problems. And lack of democracy has largely contributed to the development of underdevelopment of Africa. And these have resulted to the cases of corruption, poverty, terrorism, etc. the paper recommend that, democracy to be practiced according to its basic tenets of transparency, fairness, justice, guaranteeing the right of the people to choose and to change their governments periodically, the right for freedom of association especially in forming political parties, the primacy of rule of law, etc.
British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science, 2016
Despite the timely creation of the African Union as a continental front towards alleviating the m... more Despite the timely creation of the African Union as a continental front towards alleviating the multifaceted sufferings of Africans and poster an avenue for a concerted effort towards achieving developmental goals, the continent remains cocooned to almost all indices of underdevelopment. The transformation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) that was considered a toothless bulldog that lacks the capacity to catapult the continent to greatness to form the more capable African Union fashioned in line with European Union, was expected to institutionalize systemic reforms that will enable giant strides to be achieved – yet the outcome leaves much to be desired. This research work utilizes documentary analysis to use the objectives of establishing OAU and the reasons for transforming it to AU as yardstick for measuring the achievements of the continental organization. The outcome of the study reveals that the AU has institutionalized and empowered relevant commissions, signed new charters and resolutions that empowered those institutions to achieve tremendous feat in the discharge of their responsibilities such as the mobilization of armies for the settlement of dispute in Burundi and placement of weapons and travel embargo on Eritrea. However, the Union stills faces problems ranging from multipolar ideological leanings of its member states to its ability to create a strong Intra African alliances and friendships capable of lessening dependence on former colonial powers. The paper recommends inter alia, that African resources
The study investigated the Psycho-social Aspect of Indecent Dressing: Influence of Gender, Dress ... more The study investigated the Psycho-social Aspect of Indecent Dressing: Influence of Gender, Dress Pattern and Physical Attractiveness on Sexual Harassment among University Undergraduates Students. 100 Undergraduate students of Yobe State University participated in the study.Dress pattern questionnaire (DPQ) was used to measure dressing pattern (Decent x Indecent), photographs were used to assess physical attractiveness and the Sexual Harassment Questionnaire (SHQ) was used as the dependent measure. The results were statistically significant for Gender F (1,100) = 5.885, P < 0.05 and Dress Pattern, F (1,100) = 719, P < 0.05. The implication of this finding is that those students who dress indecently and who are females whether attractive or unattractive are highly prone to Sexual Harassment.
This paper examines the longest time general impression in the minds of organizational experts, m... more This paper examines the longest time general impression in the minds of organizational experts, managers, subordinates, and other professionals on the challenges of organizational productivity and staff performance as well as the relevance of Manpower training and development in our modern-day organizations. This paper also identifies and discusses the problems that hinder management successes. Employee performances and employee needs variables, training programs, sources of assessing training needs, training methods, and their importance, benefits of the manpower training program, evaluation of training program, and implementation of the training program, in line with the empirical literature on the subject, are also highlighted and extensively discussed. A descriptive survey and purposive oral discussions and technical interaction methods are used to make the work comprehensive. Many organizations, ministry, and departments were selected with a sample of fifty (50) for the whole study, and suggestions are made to overcome the situations for future purposes.
FUWUKARI Journal of Sociology and Development, 2020
In a systematic review, the researchers examined the role of poverty reduction as a panacea to th... more In a systematic review, the researchers examined the role of poverty reduction as a panacea to the violence-free election in Nigeria. Post-election violence has a historical antecedent, in Nigeria beginning in 1965,1980 to date. The consequences of rising poverty and the failure of poverty reduction measures heightened political and social crisis. The study set to evaluate the relationship between poverty and electoral violence, and failure to improve the living standard of the people and democratize governance. The central argument of this paper centred on the premise that electoral violence has been nurtured fundamentally by poverty which consequently created an army of illiterates, unemployed and alienated majority that are susceptible to manipulation by opportunistic politicians. Using a systematic literature review method, the researcher evaluates relevant and related studies to arrive at the findings of this study. The theoretical underpinning of the present study argue that electoral violence is a reflection of the character of neo-colonial politics and the nature of the political class in control of the state. The researchers found that the main antidote to violence generally and electoral violence in particular is poverty reduction. The study the recommend that Alleviating poverty will ensure access to education and income which will give citizens stake in the Nigerian project. Additionally, Poverty reduction would minimize electoral vices such as rigging, thuggery, violence and intimidation. This is because there would be no poor, illiterate, unemployed and alienated voters to manipulate for the selfish interest of politicians.
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 2013
The penetration of the third world societies and their integration into the organic unity structu... more The penetration of the third world societies and their integration into the organic unity structure of the western capitalism via globalization had the greatest impact upon the working class and its organizations- trade unions. And trade unions are often in contestation with the spirit of capitalism currently globalized. The consequences and challenges for the trade union movement in Nigeria that results from the various strategies that are adopted and applied are analyzed. Evidently, globalization through neo-liberal policies impacted negatively on the working class and its organization; by redefining work, skills obsolescence and deskilling of workers, re-engineering, contracting and sub-contracting and casualization of labour, increased job insecurity and unemployment. Similarly, it has led to pauperization of the working class, withdrawal of social provisioning and commodification of basic services by government, increased cost of living, declined in workers’ welfarism, consolidation of inequality and erosion of industrial democracy, with their attendant consequences on the organization of trade unionism in Nigeria. The study concludes that, the challenges for the trade union movement in Nigeria results from the various strategies that are adopted and applied by agents/driving forces of globalization. it is considered imperative for workers to be united in confronting the enormous power of capital. This can be done through the collective effort that required both socio-political and economic responses from the trade union movement in Nigeria.
Despite the timely creation of the African Union as a continental front towards alleviating the m... more Despite the timely creation of the African Union as a continental front towards alleviating the multifaceted sufferings of Africans and poster an avenue for a concerted effort towards achieving developmental goals, the continent remains cocooned to almost all indices of underdevelopment. The transformation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) that was considered a toothless bulldog that lacks the capacity to catapult the continent to greatness to form the more capable African Union fashioned in line with European Union, was expected to institutionalize systemic reforms that will enable giant strides to be achieved – yet the outcome leaves much to be desired. This research work utilizes documentary analysis to use the objectives of establishing OAU and the reasons for transforming it to AU as yardstick for measuring the achievements of the continental organization. The outcome of the study reveals that the AU has institutionalized and empowered relevant commissions, signed new charters and resolutions that empowered those institutions to achieve tremendous feat in the discharge of their responsibilities such as the mobilization of armies for the settlement of dispute in Burundi and placement of weapons and travel embargo on Eritrea. However, the Union stills faces problems ranging from multipolar ideological leanings of its member states to its ability to create a strong Intra African alliances and friendships capable of lessening dependence on former colonial powers. The paper recommends inter alia, that African resources
Global efforts to end poverty and unfair development should focus on the empowered youth as the c... more Global efforts to end poverty and unfair development should focus on the empowered youth as the cornerstone. In Nigeria, the youth form 60 percent of the population. The majority of them are unemployed and ultimately poor. Poverty reduction requires empowerment to overcome the barriers to a better life. This study examined the nature of youth empowerment and its impact on the well-being of the youth in Yobe State, Nigeria. It used a quantitative method and administered questionnaires to 393 randomly selected respondents. Data was collected on youth's attitudes, views and experiences on various aspects of their lives and well-being and the nature of
empowerment programmes in Yobe State. The study findings show that many empowerment programmes have been implemented but have had a low impact on the youth. Poverty and unemployment remain high, mainly among the youth. In addition, youth attitudes and experiences show a lack of satisfaction with the nature of youth empowerment. Disempowered youth lack the confidence and belief that they have the opportunities to develop themselves or escape poverty, and such disempowerment compromises their citizenry's roles as the youth. Therefore, there is a need to improve the infrastructure and strengthen empowerment programmes to improve the well-being of the youth.
There has been growing concern over the state's inability to effectively respond to Nigeria's per... more There has been growing concern over the state's inability to effectively respond to Nigeria's persistent rise in poverty and unemployment. This concern is more among the youth, who feel they have not been empowered enough. This article examines the nature of Yobe State's institutional capacity, its impact on youth empowerment, and its implications on employment and poverty reduction. It is based on a study that adopted a mixed-methods sequential approach combining quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. In the first phase, 393 randomly selected respondents were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. In the second phase, data were collected on key informants and youth participants' opinions, views, and experiences using key informant interviews, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The findings reveal that most youth are not confident of the state's institutional capacity to implement youth empowerment programs effectively. Most of the youth participants and key informants are not satisfied with the expertise of the state empowerment institutions to manage the implementation of the empowerment programs in the state. The factor analysis shows a 64.4% variation in institutional capacity to implement youth empowerment programs, meaning improvement in state capacity and state competence in implementing youth empowerment programs may lead to 64.4% towards youth empowerment in the state. Therefore, the study recommends that Yobe State Government strengthens its institutions responsible for designing and implementing empowerment programs through adequate funding and recruitment of adequate, relevant, and professional staff to ensure policy sustainability.
The study analyses the Poverty Alleviation Programmes as an alternative to Peace and Conflict Res... more The study analyses the Poverty Alleviation Programmes as an alternative to Peace and Conflict Resolution in Northern Nigeria; it links the frequency of Conflicts (insecurity) in the region the incidence of absolute and abject poverty. The study predominantly utilized secondary data. In the final analyses, it is shown that conflicts in the region are traceable to poverty. The study concludes that, peace, stability and security is the foundation for achieving the socio-economic development; therefore, preventing conflict, resolving conflict and for peace to be built, poverty has to be alleviated or eradicate the poverty tension that breeds ground for conflict, which requires a genuine commitment for poverty alleviation programmes and involvement of constituents people at every level–design, implementation and monitoring of poverty reduction programs.
The paper assesses the challenges being faced by power sector reform in Nigeria from 2000 when th... more The paper assesses the challenges being faced by power sector reform in Nigeria from 2000 when the reform was conceived by the then administration of President Olushegun Obasanjo, to the 2013 when actual implementation is beginning to take shape. The research work uses documentary analysis technique to assess various documents in order to find out the rationale behind the reform agenda, the various challenges that the reform must address such as general apathy, fear of price hike and technical expertise of private owners and the prospects of the reform such as revitalization of the manufacturing sector, reduction of unemployment and crime as well as improving national image. The paper offers useful recommendations on how best to guard against failure of the reform agenda by insisting of transparency, due process and safeguarding the reform against possible sabotage.
Corruption is endemic social problem in Nigerian society; it is particularly objectionable in Nig... more Corruption is endemic social problem in Nigerian society; it is particularly objectionable in Nigeria Police Force. This study x-ray prevalence and consequences of corruption in Nigeria Police Force. It predominantly utilized secondary data. This study has identified that, in Nigeria, the police force has become an epitome of all multi corrupt and fraudulent schemes which constitute a stumbling block to the effective administration of justice and efficient maintenance of law and order in Nigeria and have soiled the image of the force. Thus, the study recommends fundamental restructuring, reorganization, total war against police graft to re-invent a new image for the police and professionalization through further training and re-education in the force which would hopefully launch the Nigerian Police Force on the positive side of history.
This paper examined how gender and age differences influence the premarital sexual behaviour of y... more This paper examined how gender and age differences influence the premarital sexual behaviour of young people (Adolescents and young Adults). A sample of 100 students, (50 males and 50 females) between the ages of 18-35 years was randomly drawn from the undergraduate student populations and a 28-question standerdised questionnaire to assess some aspects of their sexual behaviour was administered. Statistical analyses of data involved oneway Anova and Descriptive statistics which indicated that there were no differences gender-wise F(1,98)=0.36,P>0.05, age-wise F(1,98)=0.461, P>0.05 and religion-wise F(2/96)=1.8, P>0.05 in premarital sex, in terms of indulgence, susceptibility to experiment and frequency of indulgence. There is need for more detailed research with emphasis on such potential influences like marital status, ethnicity and social status of respondent(s) on premarital sex.
This paper examines democracy, political instability and the crisis of underdevelopment in Africa... more This paper examines democracy, political instability and the crisis of underdevelopment in Africa. The paper using available sources of data and predicated on modernization theory argues that the African political instability and other related crisis is a consequence of its leadership problems. And lack of democracy has largely contributed to the development of underdevelopment of Africa. And these have resulted to the cases of corruption, poverty, terrorism, etc. the paper recommend that, democracy to be practiced according to its basic tenets of transparency, fairness, justice, guaranteeing the right of the people to choose and to change their governments periodically, the right for freedom of association especially in forming political parties, the primacy of rule of law, etc.
British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science, 2016
Despite the timely creation of the African Union as a continental front towards alleviating the m... more Despite the timely creation of the African Union as a continental front towards alleviating the multifaceted sufferings of Africans and poster an avenue for a concerted effort towards achieving developmental goals, the continent remains cocooned to almost all indices of underdevelopment. The transformation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) that was considered a toothless bulldog that lacks the capacity to catapult the continent to greatness to form the more capable African Union fashioned in line with European Union, was expected to institutionalize systemic reforms that will enable giant strides to be achieved – yet the outcome leaves much to be desired. This research work utilizes documentary analysis to use the objectives of establishing OAU and the reasons for transforming it to AU as yardstick for measuring the achievements of the continental organization. The outcome of the study reveals that the AU has institutionalized and empowered relevant commissions, signed new charters and resolutions that empowered those institutions to achieve tremendous feat in the discharge of their responsibilities such as the mobilization of armies for the settlement of dispute in Burundi and placement of weapons and travel embargo on Eritrea. However, the Union stills faces problems ranging from multipolar ideological leanings of its member states to its ability to create a strong Intra African alliances and friendships capable of lessening dependence on former colonial powers. The paper recommends inter alia, that African resources
The study investigated the Psycho-social Aspect of Indecent Dressing: Influence of Gender, Dress ... more The study investigated the Psycho-social Aspect of Indecent Dressing: Influence of Gender, Dress Pattern and Physical Attractiveness on Sexual Harassment among University Undergraduates Students. 100 Undergraduate students of Yobe State University participated in the study.Dress pattern questionnaire (DPQ) was used to measure dressing pattern (Decent x Indecent), photographs were used to assess physical attractiveness and the Sexual Harassment Questionnaire (SHQ) was used as the dependent measure. The results were statistically significant for Gender F (1,100) = 5.885, P < 0.05 and Dress Pattern, F (1,100) = 719, P < 0.05. The implication of this finding is that those students who dress indecently and who are females whether attractive or unattractive are highly prone to Sexual Harassment.
This paper examines the longest time general impression in the minds of organizational experts, m... more This paper examines the longest time general impression in the minds of organizational experts, managers, subordinates, and other professionals on the challenges of organizational productivity and staff performance as well as the relevance of Manpower training and development in our modern-day organizations. This paper also identifies and discusses the problems that hinder management successes. Employee performances and employee needs variables, training programs, sources of assessing training needs, training methods, and their importance, benefits of the manpower training program, evaluation of training program, and implementation of the training program, in line with the empirical literature on the subject, are also highlighted and extensively discussed. A descriptive survey and purposive oral discussions and technical interaction methods are used to make the work comprehensive. Many organizations, ministry, and departments were selected with a sample of fifty (50) for the whole study, and suggestions are made to overcome the situations for future purposes.
FUWUKARI Journal of Sociology and Development, 2020
In a systematic review, the researchers examined the role of poverty reduction as a panacea to th... more In a systematic review, the researchers examined the role of poverty reduction as a panacea to the violence-free election in Nigeria. Post-election violence has a historical antecedent, in Nigeria beginning in 1965,1980 to date. The consequences of rising poverty and the failure of poverty reduction measures heightened political and social crisis. The study set to evaluate the relationship between poverty and electoral violence, and failure to improve the living standard of the people and democratize governance. The central argument of this paper centred on the premise that electoral violence has been nurtured fundamentally by poverty which consequently created an army of illiterates, unemployed and alienated majority that are susceptible to manipulation by opportunistic politicians. Using a systematic literature review method, the researcher evaluates relevant and related studies to arrive at the findings of this study. The theoretical underpinning of the present study argue that electoral violence is a reflection of the character of neo-colonial politics and the nature of the political class in control of the state. The researchers found that the main antidote to violence generally and electoral violence in particular is poverty reduction. The study the recommend that Alleviating poverty will ensure access to education and income which will give citizens stake in the Nigerian project. Additionally, Poverty reduction would minimize electoral vices such as rigging, thuggery, violence and intimidation. This is because there would be no poor, illiterate, unemployed and alienated voters to manipulate for the selfish interest of politicians.
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 2013
The penetration of the third world societies and their integration into the organic unity structu... more The penetration of the third world societies and their integration into the organic unity structure of the western capitalism via globalization had the greatest impact upon the working class and its organizations- trade unions. And trade unions are often in contestation with the spirit of capitalism currently globalized. The consequences and challenges for the trade union movement in Nigeria that results from the various strategies that are adopted and applied are analyzed. Evidently, globalization through neo-liberal policies impacted negatively on the working class and its organization; by redefining work, skills obsolescence and deskilling of workers, re-engineering, contracting and sub-contracting and casualization of labour, increased job insecurity and unemployment. Similarly, it has led to pauperization of the working class, withdrawal of social provisioning and commodification of basic services by government, increased cost of living, declined in workers’ welfarism, consolidation of inequality and erosion of industrial democracy, with their attendant consequences on the organization of trade unionism in Nigeria. The study concludes that, the challenges for the trade union movement in Nigeria results from the various strategies that are adopted and applied by agents/driving forces of globalization. it is considered imperative for workers to be united in confronting the enormous power of capital. This can be done through the collective effort that required both socio-political and economic responses from the trade union movement in Nigeria.
Despite the timely creation of the African Union as a continental front towards alleviating the m... more Despite the timely creation of the African Union as a continental front towards alleviating the multifaceted sufferings of Africans and poster an avenue for a concerted effort towards achieving developmental goals, the continent remains cocooned to almost all indices of underdevelopment. The transformation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) that was considered a toothless bulldog that lacks the capacity to catapult the continent to greatness to form the more capable African Union fashioned in line with European Union, was expected to institutionalize systemic reforms that will enable giant strides to be achieved – yet the outcome leaves much to be desired. This research work utilizes documentary analysis to use the objectives of establishing OAU and the reasons for transforming it to AU as yardstick for measuring the achievements of the continental organization. The outcome of the study reveals that the AU has institutionalized and empowered relevant commissions, signed new charters and resolutions that empowered those institutions to achieve tremendous feat in the discharge of their responsibilities such as the mobilization of armies for the settlement of dispute in Burundi and placement of weapons and travel embargo on Eritrea. However, the Union stills faces problems ranging from multipolar ideological leanings of its member states to its ability to create a strong Intra African alliances and friendships capable of lessening dependence on former colonial powers. The paper recommends inter alia, that African resources
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Papers by Ibrahim, A. A.
empowerment programmes in Yobe State. The study findings show that many empowerment programmes have been implemented but have had a low impact on the youth. Poverty and unemployment remain high, mainly among the youth. In addition, youth attitudes and experiences show a lack of satisfaction with the nature of youth empowerment. Disempowered youth lack the confidence and belief that they have the opportunities to develop themselves or escape poverty, and such disempowerment compromises their citizenry's roles as the youth. Therefore, there is a need to improve the infrastructure and strengthen empowerment programmes to improve the well-being of the youth.
empowerment programmes in Yobe State. The study findings show that many empowerment programmes have been implemented but have had a low impact on the youth. Poverty and unemployment remain high, mainly among the youth. In addition, youth attitudes and experiences show a lack of satisfaction with the nature of youth empowerment. Disempowered youth lack the confidence and belief that they have the opportunities to develop themselves or escape poverty, and such disempowerment compromises their citizenry's roles as the youth. Therefore, there is a need to improve the infrastructure and strengthen empowerment programmes to improve the well-being of the youth.