Books by Andrzej Gillmeister
r collana SPEAKING SOULS-ANIMAE LOQUENTES linguistica, antropologia e storia delle religioni vol. 6
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Papers by Andrzej Gillmeister
ARGUMENTUM Universitatis Varsoviensis professor Vladimirus Lengauer, rerum gestarum atque religio... more ARGUMENTUM Universitatis Varsoviensis professor Vladimirus Lengauer, rerum gestarum atque religionis Graecae scrutator clarissimus, narrat Andreae Gillmeister et Hadriano Szopa de suis studiis iuvenilibus et de via, quae eum ad hodiernas investigationes duxerit.
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ANTIQUITAS AETERNA Classical Studies Dedicated to Leszek Mrozewicz on His 70th Birthday Edited by Katarzyna Balbuza, Micha! Duch, Zofia Kaczmarek, Krzysztof Królczyk and Anna Tatarkiewicz, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2021
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Klio. Czasopismo poświęcone dziejom Polski i powszechnym t. 47 (4)/2018, s. 29-39, 2018
. Abstract: In my paper, I examine the case of Julius Caesar who was appointed as the flamen Dial... more . Abstract: In my paper, I examine the case of Julius Caesar who was appointed as the flamen Dialis in 84 BC. I emphasize not so much the attempt to determine whether Caesar was, in fact, a flamen but rather reflect on the role which this priestly office could have had K
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Graeco-Latina Brunensia, 2018
This work is an attempt to describe the Roman ritual of evocation in the anthropological cat- ego... more This work is an attempt to describe the Roman ritual of evocation in the anthropological cat- egory of crisis ritual. The authors, analyzing the evocation of Yahweh carried out by Titus dur- ing the siege of Jerusalem, present this rite as an example of the activity of Roman ‘redemptive hegemony’, and one of the elements involved in the transformation of Roman religion which tried to answer the new calls connected with the transformation of the Roman state. They remain aware however that in this case we are discussing a ritual activity directed towards the Roman citizens themselves.
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Graeco-Latina Brunensia, 2018
This work is an attempt to describe the Roman ritual of evocation in the anthropological category... more This work is an attempt to describe the Roman ritual of evocation in the anthropological category of crisis ritual. The authors, analyzing the evocation of Yahweh carried out by Titus during the siege of Jerusalem, present this rite as an example of the activity of Roman ‘redemptive hegemony’, and one of the elements involved in the transformation of Roman religion which tried to answer the new calls connected with the transformation of the Roman state. They remain aware however that in this case we are discussing a ritual activity directed towards the Roman citizens themselves.
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Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 2017
The article is devoted to the analysis of the historiographical background of the category of the... more The article is devoted to the analysis of the historiographical background of the category of the so-called oriental cults/oriental religions created in the 19th century and developed by Franz Cumont. We discuss the role of this term in 20th-century historiography with the focus on the works of Tadeusz Zieliński that are important to the reception of the oriental cults metaphor. We argue that the concept of oriental cults/oriental religions in its original version is not an effective or useful research tool. However, as a historiographical concept it has fulfilled its role in a threefold way: firstly, it drew scholars’ attention to the vitality of ancient religious experience, secondly, it established the fact that Roman religion was a living organism, naturally adapted to changing political, social and cultural conditions, thirdly, it helped to understand the principles behind the construction of metaphors in the academic discourse.
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Rerum gestarum monumentis et memoriae. Cultural Readings in Livy, 2018
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In my paper I examine the use of Sibylline Books during Augustus' reign. I discuss the role of th... more In my paper I examine the use of Sibylline Books during Augustus' reign. I discuss the role of the Sibyl as well as the collection attributed to her in terms of cultural changes and cultural paraphrases. According to my opinion the prophetess had mainly cultural, not ritual significance. I argue for treating the interventions onto corpus of official Sibylline Books made by Augustus in the category of creating the new cultural identity for the inhabitants of the Empire.
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“CUM TACITA VIRGINE”. VESTALS, FEMININITY AND RELIGION IN REPUBLICAN ROME
The article examines t... more “CUM TACITA VIRGINE”. VESTALS, FEMININITY AND RELIGION IN REPUBLICAN ROME
The article examines the role of women within Roman public religion, based on the analysis of certain aspects of the priesthood of sacerdotes Vestales. Its starting point is a claim of qualitative gender equality in
the ritual sphere. In light of this claim, the Vestals’ priesthood had a stronger impact on the religious reality of ancient Rome; an analysis of the prerequisites for their duties corroborates this claim. Apart from age restrictions, which were meant to assure their virginity, other requirements were equal to those set before other priests. Since the manner in which new Vestals were chosen appears to be only slightly
different from methods of ordaining other priests, it is a fact new Vestals were a part of the College of Pontiffs, and should be treated as such.
The author claims that the case of Vestals is an example of a personal choice in religious matters, a course of action often difficult to find in ancient sources. The decision of remaining on duty after due time
stemmed from this ability of making an individual decision.
The Vestals’ position was unique from a legal, ritual, and social point of view, however it should also be considered as evidence of gender equality, which was a significant part of Roman religion. It is possible
that they represented the potentially equal civil status of women in ancient Rome, thus negotiating their social role.
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The figure of the first Roman emperor in many ways had an impact on the Polish culture, especiall... more The figure of the first Roman emperor in many ways had an impact on the Polish culture, especially in historiography and literature. In my paper I focus on some issues connected with the subject. I discuss the ideas presented by Tadeusz Zieliński, one of the most eminent researchers of the ancient world in Europe in the first part of 20th century. He devoted a significant part of his opus to present his own vision of Augustus seen as a reformer of the Roman state religion. Zieliński built the emperor’s image as the saviour of the Roman world in the face of „the end of times”. This term played significant role in Zieliński’s thinking about Roman history at the end of the Republic. For the Polish scholar celebration of the secular game in 17 BC was the final task done by Augustus. This task Zieliński defined as the sacred mission and connected with the figure of Sibyl and the impact of the Etruscan theory of saeculum. For Zieliński, Augustus belonged to the most important men of providence in Roman history. In the same way I discuss the ideas presented by Ludwik Piotrowicz andMieczysław St. Popławski. Both scholars analised the question of imperial cult in depth. Popławski expressed original view on Augustus apotheosis seen as the development of imperial cult in transcendental perspective. Piotrowicz instead saw this problem as a purely political phenomenon. Last part of my paper is devoted to short presentation of the echos of Augustus’ bimillenium in Polish scholar activity.
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in: Apex. Studi storico-religiosi in onore di Enrico Montanari, a cura di G. Casadio, A. Mastroc... more in: Apex. Studi storico-religiosi in onore di Enrico Montanari, a cura di G. Casadio, A. Mastrocinue, C. Santi, Roma 2016, p. 97-102
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The article is devoted to an analysis of views concerning the issues related to imperial cult and... more The article is devoted to an analysis of views concerning the issues related to imperial cult and the perception of the views entertained by the Western science in Polish historiography. The writings of four historians have been analysed: three pre-war scholars — Tadeusz Zieliński, Ludwik Piotrowicz and Mieczysław St. Popławski — and Maria Jaczynowska, who wrote immediately after the war. In terms of convictions, the scholars may be divided into two groups — the & rst treated the apotheosis of emperors in transcendental perspective (T. Zieliński and M.St. Popławski), while the other in the immanent one (L. Piotrowicz and M. Jaczynowska).
Tadeusz Zieliński and Mieczysław St. Popławski expressed the most original views, consisting, among other things, in the recognition of the cult of cesars as an expression of the “objectivisation of common Will” seen as a component of religion (T. Zieliński) and in presentation of the evolution of Roman notions in that respect (M.St. Popławski). Ludwik Piotrowicz saw imperial apotheosis as a purely political category, and looked for its roots in the Greek East. In turn, Maria Jaczynowska saw the origin of the phenomenon in the republican cult of leaders, thus situating it in the categories of charismatic power. At the beginning of the 1980s this was novelty in the Polish literature on the subject and attests to a creative reception of the phenomena occurring in international historiography in domestic science.
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The article conerns the presumed conultation of the Sibylline Books, which had preceded the death... more The article conerns the presumed conultation of the Sibylline Books, which had preceded the death of Caesar. The author attempts to prove the authenticity of the consultation as well as its importance in the preparation to the dictator's assassination and the role of the collegium viri sacris faciundis in those events. In order to do so two issues has been analyzed. One is the question of the activity of the college and the other the assumed competences of the Roman dictators in the matter of the consultation of the Books. Author formulates the hypothesis that Brutus, one of the leaders of the Ceasar's plot, was one of the viri sacris faciundis. As a consequence, he suggest that the Sibylline prophecy was used by the conspirators while setting the date of the assassination and to grant their action with the sanction of gods.
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Books by Andrzej Gillmeister
Papers by Andrzej Gillmeister
The article examines the role of women within Roman public religion, based on the analysis of certain aspects of the priesthood of sacerdotes Vestales. Its starting point is a claim of qualitative gender equality in
the ritual sphere. In light of this claim, the Vestals’ priesthood had a stronger impact on the religious reality of ancient Rome; an analysis of the prerequisites for their duties corroborates this claim. Apart from age restrictions, which were meant to assure their virginity, other requirements were equal to those set before other priests. Since the manner in which new Vestals were chosen appears to be only slightly
different from methods of ordaining other priests, it is a fact new Vestals were a part of the College of Pontiffs, and should be treated as such.
The author claims that the case of Vestals is an example of a personal choice in religious matters, a course of action often difficult to find in ancient sources. The decision of remaining on duty after due time
stemmed from this ability of making an individual decision.
The Vestals’ position was unique from a legal, ritual, and social point of view, however it should also be considered as evidence of gender equality, which was a significant part of Roman religion. It is possible
that they represented the potentially equal civil status of women in ancient Rome, thus negotiating their social role.
Tadeusz Zieliński and Mieczysław St. Popławski expressed the most original views, consisting, among other things, in the recognition of the cult of cesars as an expression of the “objectivisation of common Will” seen as a component of religion (T. Zieliński) and in presentation of the evolution of Roman notions in that respect (M.St. Popławski). Ludwik Piotrowicz saw imperial apotheosis as a purely political category, and looked for its roots in the Greek East. In turn, Maria Jaczynowska saw the origin of the phenomenon in the republican cult of leaders, thus situating it in the categories of charismatic power. At the beginning of the 1980s this was novelty in the Polish literature on the subject and attests to a creative reception of the phenomena occurring in international historiography in domestic science.
The article examines the role of women within Roman public religion, based on the analysis of certain aspects of the priesthood of sacerdotes Vestales. Its starting point is a claim of qualitative gender equality in
the ritual sphere. In light of this claim, the Vestals’ priesthood had a stronger impact on the religious reality of ancient Rome; an analysis of the prerequisites for their duties corroborates this claim. Apart from age restrictions, which were meant to assure their virginity, other requirements were equal to those set before other priests. Since the manner in which new Vestals were chosen appears to be only slightly
different from methods of ordaining other priests, it is a fact new Vestals were a part of the College of Pontiffs, and should be treated as such.
The author claims that the case of Vestals is an example of a personal choice in religious matters, a course of action often difficult to find in ancient sources. The decision of remaining on duty after due time
stemmed from this ability of making an individual decision.
The Vestals’ position was unique from a legal, ritual, and social point of view, however it should also be considered as evidence of gender equality, which was a significant part of Roman religion. It is possible
that they represented the potentially equal civil status of women in ancient Rome, thus negotiating their social role.
Tadeusz Zieliński and Mieczysław St. Popławski expressed the most original views, consisting, among other things, in the recognition of the cult of cesars as an expression of the “objectivisation of common Will” seen as a component of religion (T. Zieliński) and in presentation of the evolution of Roman notions in that respect (M.St. Popławski). Ludwik Piotrowicz saw imperial apotheosis as a purely political category, and looked for its roots in the Greek East. In turn, Maria Jaczynowska saw the origin of the phenomenon in the republican cult of leaders, thus situating it in the categories of charismatic power. At the beginning of the 1980s this was novelty in the Polish literature on the subject and attests to a creative reception of the phenomena occurring in international historiography in domestic science.
Journée d’études
Institute of History, University of Zielona Góra
25th April 2023
The Symposium is organized by Andrzej Gillmeister (University of Zielona Góra) and Claudia Santi (Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli) as a part of the project “The Priests of Jupiter. The septemviri epulones college in Roman Religion” funded by The National Science Centre (UMO-2019/35/B/HS3/00809).