Isifo seCoronavirus 2019
Isifo seCoronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) yisifo esitholakala lapho umuntu onegciwane le-coronavirus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) ethelela abanye abantu.[1] Umuntu, noma ngokuthinta izindawo ezihlangene negciwane bese uthinta amehlo, ikhala noma umlomo. Imvamisa, leli gciwane lisakazeka ngamaconsi okuphefumula adalwa lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula. Noma ngubani osondele ngokwanele (ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-1,8) kumuntu othophayo noma okhophayo makhulu angatheleleka ngegciwane. Ngenye indlela umuntu angangenwa yileli gciwane ngokuthinta indawo ethelelekile bese ethinta amehlo akho, izindlebe noma ikhala ngaphandle kokubulala amagciwane izandla zakho.[2]
Imvelaphi
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Lesi sifo saqala ukukhonjwa eWuhan, inhloko-dolobha yesifundazwe saseHubei eChina, ngasekupheleni kuka-2019. Kusukela lapho, lesi sifo sisakazekele emhlabeni wonke. Ngomhlaka 11 Mashi 2020, i-World Health Organisation yamemezela lesi sifo njengesifo. Ubhubhane yisifo esisakaze ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zomhlaba noma emhlabeni wonke. Amazwe athinteke kakhulu yileli gciwane athole amazinga okufa aphezulu nengcindezi enkulu ezinhlelweni zawo zezempilo. Umqondisi jikelele wenhlangano ebhekele ezempilo emhlabeni jikelele, uDkt Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, waveza ukuthi, "Lesi akusona isimo sezempilo esidlangalaleni nje, kunenkinga ezothinta yonke imikhakha - ngakho-ke wonke umkhakha nawo wonke umuntu kumele abambe iqhaza ekulweni.”
Iningizimu Afrika
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Okwamanje kukhona (njengaku-30 Meyi 2020) abantu abayi-30 967 abahlole ngokuphelele i-coronavirus eNingizimu Afrika. Amakhulu ayisithupha namashumi amane nantathu abulewe yilesi sifo, kanti abantu abangama-16 116 sebethole ukwelulama ngokuphelele. Ngokusho koMnyango Kazwelonke Wezempilo, "ukuqagelwa kwamanje kulinganisela ukuthi leli gciwane lingathinta ama-60% abantu baseNingizimu Afrika ngasikhathi sinye, kodwa hhayi ngasikhathi sinye."[3] Ukuvikela ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo, izwe selibe ukuvalwa ngokusemthethweni kusukela ngomhlaka 27 Mashi 2020. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMengameli uRamaphosa umemezele ngomhlaka 30 Mashi 2020 ukuthi abasebenzi bezempilo abayi-10 000 bahlanganisiwe ukuhambela amakhaya bayohlola abantu ukuthi bathola leli gciwane.
Izimpawu nokwelashwa
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokutheleleka zibandakanya ukukhwehlela, umkhuhlane, ukukhathala kanye nokuphefumula. Ezinye izinkomba zingafaka izinhlungu zemisipha, ukukhiqizwa komphimbo, uhudo, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukulahleka kwephunga nobuhlungu besisu. Uma umuntu etheleleke nge-coronavirus, izimpawu zingavela ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuye kwezingu-14 ngemuva kokutheleleka, kepha iningi labantu lizokhombisa izimpawu ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ngemuva kokutheleleka.Abantu abaningi bazokhombisa kuphela izimpawu eziphambile. Ezimweni ezinzima, ukutheleleka kungaholela ebubini kanye nokuhluleka kwezitho. Izimpawu ezinkulu zidinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha.
Abantu bangangenwa yileli gciwane futhi bangakhombisi zimpawu. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi yi-asymptomatic. Noma umuntu onegciwane engakhombisi zimpawu, uzothela abanye abantu ahlangana nabo. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokusabalala kwalesi sifo ngokushesha.
Odokotela bavivinya i-coronavirus ngokuthola i-swab yamakhala kumuntu okusolwa ukuthi unalesi sifo. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge swab yesosopharyngeal. Lesi sifo singatholakala nange-CT scan.
Uma umuntu ehlolelwa ukuthi unegciwane, uzolaliswa esibhedlela futhi ahlukaniswe nabantu abangenalo igciwane. Yize njengamanje lungekho ikhambi laleli gciwane, abantu abaningi bazosinda kulesi sifo uma bethola ukwelashwa okufanele.
Ukuvimbela
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo kuvinjelwa ikakhulukazi ngokugcina ibanga elingokomzimba kwabanye abantu nokugwema izixuku noma izikhala ezigcwele abantu. Lokhu kwaziwa njengokuqhelelana komphakathi. Lapho ukuthintana kungavinjelwa khona, kunconywa ukusebenzisa imaskhi yobuso (noma ukumboza ukukhwehlela nokuthimisa ngethishu noma ngendololondo yangaphakathi) kanye nokugqoka amagilavu we-latex kuyanconywa. Ngokwengeziwe abantu kufanele bageze izandla zabo njalo ngensipho noma nge-sanitizer esekwe utshwala okungenani imizuzwana engama-20. Ekugcineni abantu bayalwa ukuthi bangathinti ubuso babo ngezandla ezingagezwanga.
Izinkomba
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑ "Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it". www.who.int (in i-English). Kulandwe ngomhlaka 2020-04-06.
- ↑ CDC (2020-02-11). "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in i-English). Kulandwe ngomhlaka 2020-04-06.
- ↑ "COVID-19 / Novel Coronavirus | South African Government". www.gov.za. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 2020-04-06.