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Toasting (rap in other parts of the Anglo Caribbean), or deejaying is the act of talking or chanting, usually in a monotone melody, over a rhythm or beat by a reggae deejay. It can either be improvised or pre-written. Osbourne Ruddock (a.k.a. King Tubby) was a Jamaican sound recording engineer who created vocal-less rhythm backing tracks that were used by DJs doing toasting by creating one-off vinyl discs (also known as dub plates) of songs without the vocals and adding echo and sound effects.

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  • Ein Deejay [ˈdiːdʒeɪ] ist in der jamaikanischen Soundsystem-Musik ein Sprechgesangskünstler, ähnlich dem Rapper in der Hip-Hop-Musik. Deejays unterlegen Reggae-Instrumentalstücke (Riddims) mit Sprechgesang (Toasting). Der Begriff des jamaikanischen Deejays ist somit nicht identisch mit dem des DJs, also des Plattenauflegers. Diese Rolle übernimmt in einem Soundsystem der Selector. (de)
  • En música jamaiquina un deejay (DJ) es un músico de reggae o dancehall que canta y practica toasting sobre un riddim o instrumental. Los deejays no deben confundirse con los DJs de otros géneros musicales como el hip hop, donde el DJ es el encargado de seleccionar y mezclar la música. En la música jamaicana el selector de los riddims es llamado selector. Los deejays que además de practicar toasting también cantan se suelen llamar singjays. El término deejay se originó a partir de la acción de algunos selectors de los años 1960 y 70 en Jamaica como o , que empezaron a cantar haciendo toasting sobre la versión instrumental de los temas que ponían. Sobre la instrumental, que normalmente ocupaba la cara B del vinilo, el deejay lanzaba letras sobre la marcha. Muchos selectors se convirtieron mediante esta práctica en deejays, como King Stur Gav, Josie Wales, Charlie Chaplin, y Tony Matterhorn. (es)
  • Deejay (juga disingkat sebagai DJ) adalah pemusik reggae atau dancehall yang menyanyi dan melakukan diiringi musik yang disebut riddim (ritme). Deejay dalam konsep musik Jamaika berbeda dari disc jockey dari genre musik yang lain, misalnya disc jockey pada musik hip-hop yang hanya memilih dan memainkan musik. Deejay di Jamaika memegang mikropon untuk menyanyi dan toasting. Deejay musik dancehall/reggae yang memilih sendiri riddim untuk dimainkan disebut selector. Deejay yang lebih banyak bernyanyi sering disebut . Istilah deejay lahir sebagai hasil dari kebiasaan sejumlah selector dari tahun 1960-an dan 1970-an seperti atau yang melakukan toasting sewaktu memainkan "". Lagu yang disebut "version" adalah trek pengisi versi instrumental (vokal dihilangkan) dari lagu utama yang direkam sebagai di sisi-B sebuah piringan hitam. Biasanya "version" mudah dikenali dari suara drum dan bass yang menonjol. Sewaktu lagu version dari sebuah piringan hitam, deejay mendapat kesempatan untuk membuat lirik secara spontan, dan dinyanyikannya (disebut toasting) dengan diiringi musik instrumental (riddim) yang sedang diputar. Dalam sebuah pertunjukan sound system, deejay yang berperan sebagai selector memilih dan memainkan rekaman piringan hitam yang memiliki bass menonjol, memanipulasi kontrol volume dan tone atau menambah efek suara khusus seperti echo dan reverb untuk membuatnya dramatis. Deejay lainnya memegang mikropon, dan berada di atas panggung atau di tengah para penari, serta mencoba berdialog dengan kerumunan orang, sambil menyanyikan lirik dan umumnya membuat musik dari piringan hitam menjadi lebih hidup. (in)
  • Le deejay, ou toaster, est un artiste vocal parlant ou chantant généralement de façon monotone sur un rythme ou un battement, que l'on rencontre particulièrement en Jamaïque. Les textes peuvent être écrits ou improvisés et certains mots coupés ou doublés dans les phrases afin de caler les phrases. Le toasting a été utilisé dans plusieurs traditions africaines, notamment par les griots. On peut dire que la coutume s'est exportée en Jamaïque par l'ascendance africaine et musicalement par l'empreinte des rasta sur la musique jamaïcaine. L'exercice de chant parlé qu'est le deejaying a énormément influencé le Hip-hop et donné le développement du MCing (fr)
  • Toasting (rap in other parts of the Anglo Caribbean), or deejaying is the act of talking or chanting, usually in a monotone melody, over a rhythm or beat by a reggae deejay. It can either be improvised or pre-written. Toasting developed in the United States and carried its form to the music of Jamaica, such as ska, reggae, dancehall, and dub. It also exists in grime music and is traditionally in hip hop. Toasting is also often used in soca and bouyon music. The African American oral tradition of toasting, a mix of talking and chanting, influenced the development of MCing in US hip hop music and in Jamaican toasting. The combination of singing and toasting is known as singjaying. In the late 1950s in Jamaica, deejay toasting was [used] by Count Matchuki. He conceived the idea from listening to disc jockeys on American radio stations. He would do African American jive over the music while selecting and playing R&B music. Deejays like Count Machuki working for producers would play the latest hits on traveling sound systems at parties and add their toasts or vocals to the music. These toasts consisted of comedy, boastful commentaries, half-sung rhymes, rhythmic chants, squeals, screams and rhymed storytelling. Osbourne Ruddock (a.k.a. King Tubby) was a Jamaican sound recording engineer who created vocal-less rhythm backing tracks that were used by DJs doing toasting by creating one-off vinyl discs (also known as dub plates) of songs without the vocals and adding echo and sound effects. Late 1960s toasting deejays included U-Roy and Dennis Alcapone, the latter known for mixing gangster talk with humor in his toasting. In the early 1970s, toasting deejays included I-Roy (his nickname is in homage to U-Roy) and Dillinger, the latter known for his humorous toasting style. In the early 1970s Big Youth became popular. In the late 1970s, Trinity followed. The 1980s saw the first deejay toasting duo, Michigan & Smiley, and the development of toasting outside of Jamaica. In England, Pato Banton explored his Caribbean roots, humorous and political toasting while Ranking Roger of the Second Wave or Two-Tone ska revival band The Beat from the 1980s did Jamaican toasting over music that blended ska, pop, and some punk influences. Jamaican deejay toasting also influenced various types of dance music, such as jungle music and UK garage. Dancehall artists that have achieved pop hits with toasting-influenced vocals include Shabba Ranks, Shaggy, Lady Saw, Sean Paul, Terror Fabulous and Damian Marley. (en)
  • トースティング(toasting、祝杯を上げること)または、チャッティング(chatting、おしゃべり)、ディージェイング(DJing、またはdeejaying)、スカンキング(skanking)とは、リズムやビートに合わせてしゃべったり語ったりする行為である。歌詞の内容は事前に書いておく事もあれば、即興の場合もある。トースティングの源流は、ドラムのビートに乗せて話すグリオのようなアフリカの伝統にあると考えられており、ダンスホールレゲエ、レゲエ、ラガマフィン、ダブなどの音楽においても使用されている。トースティングはヒップホップの発展にも影響を及ぼしたと考えられている。 (ja)
  • Toasting, conversar com o público (rap em outras partes do Anglo Caribe) ou discotecar é o ato de falar ou cantar, geralmente em uma instrumental em loop, sobre um ritmo ou batida de um DJ de reggae. Tradicionalmente, o método de toasting originou-se dos griots das tradições calipso e mento do Caribe. As letras podem ser improvisadas ou pré-escritas. O toasting foi usado em várias tradições africanas, como griots cantando sobre uma batida de tambor, bem como nas formas musicais dos Estados Unidos e da Jamaica, como ska, reggae, dancehall e dub; também existe no grime e no hip hop vindos do Reino Unido, que normalmente tem muita influência caribenha. O toasting também é frequentemente usado na música soca e bouyon. A tradição oral afro-americana de brindar, uma mistura de conversa e canto, influenciou o desenvolvimento do MCing na música hip hop dos Estados Unidos. A combinação de canto e toasting é conhecida como singjaying. No final dos anos 1950, o brinde de DJ foi desenvolvido pelo Conde Matchuki . Ele concebeu a ideia ouvindo disc-jóqueis em estações de rádio americanas. Ele fazia jive afro-americano sobre a música enquanto selecionava e tocava música R&B. Deejays como Count Machuki trabalhando para produtores tocavam os últimos sucessos em sound Systems itinerantes em festas e adicionavam seus toasting ou vocais à música. Esses toasting consistiam em comédia, comentários arrogantes, rimas meio cantadas, cantos rítmicos, guinchos, gritos e narração de histórias rimadas. Osbourne Ruddock (a.k.a. King Tubby) foi um engenheiro de gravação de som jamaicano que criou faixas de acompanhamento de ritmo sem vocal que foram usadas por DJs fazendo toasting criando discos de vinil únicos (também conhecidos como dubplates) de músicas sem os vocais e adicionando eco e efeitos sonoros. DJs de toasting do final dos anos 1960 incluíam U-Roy e Dennis Alcapone, o último conhecido por misturar conversas de gângster com humor em seus brindes. No início dos anos 1970, DJs de brindes incluíam I-Roy (seu apelido é uma homenagem a U-Roy) e Dillinger, este último conhecido por seu estilo de toasting bem-humorado. No início dos anos 1970, a Big Youth tornou-se popular. No final dos anos 1970, Trinity o seguiu. A década de 1980 viu a primeira dupla de DJs fazendo toasting, Michigan & Smiley, e o desenvolvimento do toasting fora da Jamaica. Na Inglaterra, Pato Banton explorou suas raízes caribenhas, brindes humorísticos e políticos enquanto o Ranking Roger da Second Wave ou a banda de revival de ska Two-Tone The Beat da década de 1980 brindava com música que mesclava ska, pop e um pouco de punk influências. A rima rítmica dos vocais do brinde afro-americano influenciou o desenvolvimento do brinde na Jamaica e o desenvolvimento do estilo dancehall (por exemplo, o pioneiro do hip-hop e DJ expatriado jamaicano Kool Herc e Phife Dawg do A Tribe Called Quest ). O brinde de DJ jamaicano também influenciou vários tipos de dance music, como jungle music e UK garage . Artistas do dancehall que alcançaram sucessos pop com vocais influenciados pelo brinde incluem Shabba Ranks, Shaggy, Lady Saw, Sean Paul, Terror Fabulous e Damian Marley . (pt)
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  • Ein Deejay [ˈdiːdʒeɪ] ist in der jamaikanischen Soundsystem-Musik ein Sprechgesangskünstler, ähnlich dem Rapper in der Hip-Hop-Musik. Deejays unterlegen Reggae-Instrumentalstücke (Riddims) mit Sprechgesang (Toasting). Der Begriff des jamaikanischen Deejays ist somit nicht identisch mit dem des DJs, also des Plattenauflegers. Diese Rolle übernimmt in einem Soundsystem der Selector. (de)
  • Le deejay, ou toaster, est un artiste vocal parlant ou chantant généralement de façon monotone sur un rythme ou un battement, que l'on rencontre particulièrement en Jamaïque. Les textes peuvent être écrits ou improvisés et certains mots coupés ou doublés dans les phrases afin de caler les phrases. Le toasting a été utilisé dans plusieurs traditions africaines, notamment par les griots. On peut dire que la coutume s'est exportée en Jamaïque par l'ascendance africaine et musicalement par l'empreinte des rasta sur la musique jamaïcaine. L'exercice de chant parlé qu'est le deejaying a énormément influencé le Hip-hop et donné le développement du MCing (fr)
  • トースティング(toasting、祝杯を上げること)または、チャッティング(chatting、おしゃべり)、ディージェイング(DJing、またはdeejaying)、スカンキング(skanking)とは、リズムやビートに合わせてしゃべったり語ったりする行為である。歌詞の内容は事前に書いておく事もあれば、即興の場合もある。トースティングの源流は、ドラムのビートに乗せて話すグリオのようなアフリカの伝統にあると考えられており、ダンスホールレゲエ、レゲエ、ラガマフィン、ダブなどの音楽においても使用されている。トースティングはヒップホップの発展にも影響を及ぼしたと考えられている。 (ja)
  • En música jamaiquina un deejay (DJ) es un músico de reggae o dancehall que canta y practica toasting sobre un riddim o instrumental. Los deejays no deben confundirse con los DJs de otros géneros musicales como el hip hop, donde el DJ es el encargado de seleccionar y mezclar la música. En la música jamaicana el selector de los riddims es llamado selector. Los deejays que además de practicar toasting también cantan se suelen llamar singjays. (es)
  • Deejay (juga disingkat sebagai DJ) adalah pemusik reggae atau dancehall yang menyanyi dan melakukan diiringi musik yang disebut riddim (ritme). Deejay dalam konsep musik Jamaika berbeda dari disc jockey dari genre musik yang lain, misalnya disc jockey pada musik hip-hop yang hanya memilih dan memainkan musik. Deejay di Jamaika memegang mikropon untuk menyanyi dan toasting. Deejay musik dancehall/reggae yang memilih sendiri riddim untuk dimainkan disebut selector. Deejay yang lebih banyak bernyanyi sering disebut . (in)
  • Toasting (rap in other parts of the Anglo Caribbean), or deejaying is the act of talking or chanting, usually in a monotone melody, over a rhythm or beat by a reggae deejay. It can either be improvised or pre-written. Osbourne Ruddock (a.k.a. King Tubby) was a Jamaican sound recording engineer who created vocal-less rhythm backing tracks that were used by DJs doing toasting by creating one-off vinyl discs (also known as dub plates) of songs without the vocals and adding echo and sound effects. (en)
  • Toasting, conversar com o público (rap em outras partes do Anglo Caribe) ou discotecar é o ato de falar ou cantar, geralmente em uma instrumental em loop, sobre um ritmo ou batida de um DJ de reggae. Tradicionalmente, o método de toasting originou-se dos griots das tradições calipso e mento do Caribe. As letras podem ser improvisadas ou pré-escritas. (pt)
rdfs:label
  • Deejay (de)
  • Deejay (es)
  • Deejay (in)
  • Deejay (Jamaïque) (fr)
  • トースティング (ja)
  • Toaster (música jamaicana) (pt)
  • Toasting (Jamaican music) (en)
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