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About: Vietnamese cash

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Vietnamese cash (Chinese: 文錢 văn tiền; chữ Nôm: 銅錢 đồng tiền; French: sapèque) is a cast round coin with a square hole that was an official currency of Vietnam from the Đinh dynasty in 970 until the Nguyễn dynasty in 1945, and remained in circulation in North Vietnam until 1948. The same type of currency circulated in China, Japan, Korea, and Ryūkyū for centuries. Though the majority of Vietnamese cash coins throughout history were copper coins, lead, iron (from 1528) and zinc (from 1740) coins also circulated alongside them often at fluctuating rates (with 1 copper cash being worth 10 zinc cash in 1882). Coins made from metals of lower intrinsic value were introduced because of various superstitions involving Vietnamese people burying cash coins, as the problem of people burying cash coin

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  • Vietnamese cash (Chinese: 文錢 văn tiền; chữ Nôm: 銅錢 đồng tiền; French: sapèque) is a cast round coin with a square hole that was an official currency of Vietnam from the Đinh dynasty in 970 until the Nguyễn dynasty in 1945, and remained in circulation in North Vietnam until 1948. The same type of currency circulated in China, Japan, Korea, and Ryūkyū for centuries. Though the majority of Vietnamese cash coins throughout history were copper coins, lead, iron (from 1528) and zinc (from 1740) coins also circulated alongside them often at fluctuating rates (with 1 copper cash being worth 10 zinc cash in 1882). Coins made from metals of lower intrinsic value were introduced because of various superstitions involving Vietnamese people burying cash coins, as the problem of people burying cash coins became too much for the government. Almost all coins issued by government mints tended to be buried mere months after they had entered circulation. The Vietnamese government began issuing coins made from an alloy of zinc, lead, and tin. As these cash coins tended to be very fragile, they would decompose faster if buried, which caused the Vietnamese people to stop burying their coins. (en)
  • De Vietnamese văn (Hán tự: 文; Frans: Sapèque Vietnamien) was een type gegoten rode munt met een vierkant gat in het midden dat circuleerde in Vietnam vanaf de Đinh-dynastie in 969 tot de Nguyen-dynastie in 1945. Dit type munt was gebaseerd op de Chinese kèpèngs net als de Japanse mon, Koreaanse mun en Riukiuaanse mon die in andere landen circuleerden. Het merendeel van de Vietnamese văn-munten die ooit gegoten waren zijn van koper maar munten gemaakt van lood, ijzer (vanaf 1528) en zink (vanaf 1740) circuleerden naast de koperen munten met fluctuerende waarden relatief aan elkaar gebaseerd op de respectievelijke marktwaarde van elk metaal. De reden dat munten gemaakt van metalen met een lage intrinsieke waarde werden geslagen was omdat vele bijgeloven onder de Vietnamese bevolking beweerden dat als koperen munten in omloop waren, alle goud en zilver in de bergen magisch zullen verdwijnen, hierdoor begroef de Vietnamese bevolking al snel al hun koperen văn-munten die zij in handen kregen. Hierdoor waren enkele maanden nadat nieuwe koperen munten door de munthuizen van de overheid geslagen in omloop gebracht waren, deze haast allemaal verdwenen. De Vietnamese overheid begon in reactie hierop met het slaan van munten gemaakt van zink, lood en tin omdat deze metalen sneller vergaan als ze begraven worden. Dit leidde ertoe dat deze munten minder snel werden begraven. (nl)
  • Il văn (文) (o cash) vietnamita è una moneta fusa circolare con un foro centrale. È lo stesso tipo di monete che è circolata in estremo oriente per secoli: wén cinese, mon giapponese e mun coreano. (it)
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  • 126261 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
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  • 1124340051 (xsd:integer)
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  • center (en)
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  • 970 (xsd:integer)
dbp:end
  • 1948 (xsd:integer)
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  • File:Thái Bình Hưng Bảo 970–979 & Bảo Đại Thông Bảo 1933–1945 01.jpg (en)
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  • Bảo Đại Thông Bảo issued under Bảo Đại . (en)
  • First and last Vietnamese cash coins: (en)
  • Thái Bình Hưng Bảo issued during the Đinh dynasty . (en)
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dbp:obsolete
  • yes (en)
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  • ' indicates that the cash coin has been mentioned by historical sources but that no modern authentic specimen has ever been recovered. ' indicates that this cash coin has been recovered in modern times but is not mentioned in any historical chronicles. ' indicates that the cash coin has its own article on Wikipedia. ''' indicates that there exists a Chinese, Khitan, Tangut, Jurchen, Mongol, and/or Manchu cash coin with the same legend as the Vietnamese cash coin. (en)
  • "Annamites are not content with the current state of affairs. They complain about the mode of the farms and monopolies, which obliges them to pay fees, paralyses the small trade and is an obstacle to much of trades of which a great part of the population live. The embarrassment is still increased by the progressive disappearance of the zinc currency, adapted so well to the condition of the needy Annamites. It still remains the base of all the small transactions. With two or three sapèques, the poor one can buy a fruit, a cake and thus calm the pains of the hunger. But, as the Government does not manufacture them any more, those which were in circulation become increasingly rare, and the market feels it, with the great detriment of all." (en)
  • (Further reading: List of Chinese cash coins by inscription.) ' = Indicates that this is a misattributed cash coin . ' Indicates that this is a fake or fantasy referenced by Eduardo Toda y Güell in his Annam and its Minor Currency , the possible existence of these cash coins have not been verified by any later works. (en)
  • "Another serious disadvantage consisted in the total absence of token coinages other than the inconvenient sapèque one of zinc: one needed an artillery van to go exchange 1,000 francs in ligatures for the one sapèques, since it had the weight of a barrel and half.... and at the market, the chicken weighed some times less than its price in currency." (en)
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  • - J. Silvestre, Monnaies et de Médailles de l'Annam et de la Cochinchine Française (1883). (en)
  • - The 1907 Annual Report by missionary Mgr. Gendreau of the Groupe des Mission du Tonkin. (en)
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  • 970 (xsd:integer)
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  • In the Democratic Republic of Vietnam between 1947 and 1948, making them equal to 5 xu . (en)
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  • 10 (xsd:integer)
  • 20 (xsd:integer)
  • 36 (xsd:integer)
  • 360 (xsd:integer)
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  • 20 (xsd:integer)
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  • 50.0 (dbd:perCent)
  • 75.0 (dbd:perCent)
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  • Il văn (文) (o cash) vietnamita è una moneta fusa circolare con un foro centrale. È lo stesso tipo di monete che è circolata in estremo oriente per secoli: wén cinese, mon giapponese e mun coreano. (it)
  • Vietnamese cash (Chinese: 文錢 văn tiền; chữ Nôm: 銅錢 đồng tiền; French: sapèque) is a cast round coin with a square hole that was an official currency of Vietnam from the Đinh dynasty in 970 until the Nguyễn dynasty in 1945, and remained in circulation in North Vietnam until 1948. The same type of currency circulated in China, Japan, Korea, and Ryūkyū for centuries. Though the majority of Vietnamese cash coins throughout history were copper coins, lead, iron (from 1528) and zinc (from 1740) coins also circulated alongside them often at fluctuating rates (with 1 copper cash being worth 10 zinc cash in 1882). Coins made from metals of lower intrinsic value were introduced because of various superstitions involving Vietnamese people burying cash coins, as the problem of people burying cash coin (en)
  • De Vietnamese văn (Hán tự: 文; Frans: Sapèque Vietnamien) was een type gegoten rode munt met een vierkant gat in het midden dat circuleerde in Vietnam vanaf de Đinh-dynastie in 969 tot de Nguyen-dynastie in 1945. (nl)
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  • Van vietnamita (it)
  • Vietnamese văn (nl)
  • Vietnamese cash (en)
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  • French: Sapèque (en)
  • (Văn) (en)
  • (Đồng) (en)
  • Chữ Nôm: (en)
  • Hán-Việt: (en)
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