Серегин Н.Н., Демин М.А., Матренин С.С., Уманский А.П. Северный Алтай в эпоху Великого переселения народов (по материалам археологического комплекса Карбан-I). Барнаул: Изд-во Алт. ун-та, 2022. 276 с. , 2022
The monograph is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of materials obtained during excavations of ... more The monograph is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of materials obtained during excavations of the Karban-I necropolis of the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture in the Chemal region of the Altai Republic. A detailed description of the results of field research is presented, as well as the possibilities of their chronological and ethno-social interpretation are demonstrated. The corpus of archaeological sources introduced into scientific circulation expands the understanding of various aspects of the history of the Altai population in the initial period of the Great Migration period. The publication is intended for archaeologists, ethnographers, anthropologists and historians, and can also be recommended to students in classical universities at specialized faculties and institutes.
Серегин Н.Н., Васютин С.А. Раннетюркские археологические комплексы Центрального и Восточного Алтая (по материалам исследований А.С. Васютина). Барнаул: Изд-во Алт. ун-та, 2021. 296 с., 2021
The monograph is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the materials obtained in the study of a ... more The monograph is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the materials obtained in the study of a representative series of Early Turkic «memorial» objects in the Central and Eastern Altai. The results of the excavations carried out by the Altai team of the South Siberian expedition from the Kemerovo State University under the leadership of A.S. Vasyutin in 1980–1984 to the sites of Bolshoy Kurmanak-I–II, Kok-Pash, Koo-I, Kudyrge, Nizhnyaya Sooru, Ust-Karasu have been introduced into scientific discourse. The study of those informative materials supplemented by data from other complexes of the second half of the 5th – first half of the 7th centuries AD, allowed us to present the results of reconstructing complex ethno-genetic and socio-cultural processes in Altai and adjacent areas in the Early Turkic period. The publication is addressed to archaeologists, historians and ethnographers, as well as to students of classical universities in specialized faculties and anyone interested in various aspects of the study of Eurasian nomadic societies.
Серегин Н.Н., Матренин С.С. Социальная история населения Алтая в эпоху кочевых империй (II в. до н.э. – XIV в. н.э.): по материалам археологических комплексов. Барнаул: Изд-во Алт. ун-та, 2020. 268 с.
В монографии представлен опыт реконструкции социальной истории населения Алтая в эпоху кочевых им... more В монографии представлен опыт реконструкции социальной истории населения Алтая в эпоху кочевых империй (II в. до н.э. – XIV в. н.э.). Осуществлен детальный анализ значительного объема материалов раскопок археологических комплексов, датирующихся в рамках II в. до н.э. – XIV в. н.э. В разделах книги последовательно рассмотрены возможности изучения процессов социогенеза носителей булан-кобинской археологической культуры, раннесредневековых тюрок и кыргызов Алтая, а также населения региона монгольского времени. Полученные результаты сопоставлены с ключевыми событиями этнополитической истории кочевников обозначенного региона, а также сопредельных территорий. Издание предназначено археологам, историкам, антропологам и этнографам, а также может быть рекомендовано обучающимся в классических университетах на профильных факультетах и всем интересующимся различными аспектами изучения кочевых обществ Евразии.
The book presents the experience of studying of the foneral rite of the population of the Altai n... more The book presents the experience of studying of the foneral rite of the population of the Altai nomads in Hiungnu-Syanbi-Zhouzhan time and the early Middle Ages. The authors concerns result of the systematization and analysis of more than 900 graves belonging to different stages of Bulan-Koby and Turkic cultures. It became the base for reconstruction of ethno-cultural processes taking place in the Altai in II century BC – XI century AD. Book is intended for experts in the field of archeology, history, ethnographies and cultural science, and also for a wide range of researchers studying the nomadic societies of Altai and adjacent territories.
The book deals with the theoretical and historical aspects of the study of elites in nomadic soci... more The book deals with the theoretical and historical aspects of the study of elites in nomadic societies of Eurasia in Late Antiquity. Much attention is given to research methodology of elite groups in the sociopolitical organization of the nomads of South Siberia and Central Asia. Based on the analysis of archaeological material and written sources data for demarcation of various types of elites in societies of nomads is given. Special attention is paid to sacralization of rulers of nomads and the influence of the religious factor on the ideological basis of the legitimacy of power. The publication will be useful to historians, specialists on religious studies, archaeologists, ethnographers and everyone who are interested in the social and political history of the nomadic peoples of Eurasia.
В монографии демонстрируется современный опыт исследования ритуальных комплексов раннесредневеков... more В монографии демонстрируется современный опыт исследования ритуальных комплексов раннесредневековых тюрок, расположенных на территории Алтая. Отражены итоги систематизации и анализа таких объектов, а также представлены возможности их интерпретации. Издание рассчитано на специалистов в области археологии, истории, этнографии и культурологии, а также на широкий круг исследователей, занимающихся изучением кочевых обществ Алтая и сопредельных территорий.
Results in research of early medieval Turkic ritual complexes, located in the territory of Altai, are presented in the monograph. Experience of systematization and the analysis of such objects and also possibilities of their interpretation are demonstrated. Book is designed for experts in the field of archeology, history, ethnographies and cultural science, and also on a wide range of researchers studying the nomadic societies of Altai and adjacent territories.
The monograph presents the experience of a study of structure of the society of Türks of Inner As... more The monograph presents the experience of a study of structure of the society of Türks of Inner Asia on the 2nd half of the 1st millennium A.D. There had been analyzed a wide range of written and archaeological sources to show various aspects of a social history of the nomads. In essays contained in the book authors consequentially consider such features of the Türkic society as a kinship system, type of family, age stratification and gender differentiation. Possibilities for solving some of certain problems of the history of nomads, such as the existence of the institute of the comitatus, allotment of the strata of ministers of religion, and also characteristics of forms of social dependency, are demonstrated.
This book is intended for both the specialist in history and archaeology, and the general reader, those who are interested of various aspects of a history of nomadic societies of Inner Asia and adjacent territories.
В монографии подробно представлены результаты фиксации и изучения археологических памятников в ур... more В монографии подробно представлены результаты фиксации и изучения археологических памятников в урочище Уркош, расположенном на левом берегу Катуни в Онгудайском районе Республики Алтай (Россия). Проведенные исследования и полученные материалы позволяют охарактеризовать основные этапы разработанной культурно-хронологической схемы и рассмотреть традиционную систему жизнеобеспечения, сформировавшуюся в ходе освоения Центрального Алтая древними, средневековыми и современными животноводами.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Комплекс вооружения кочевников Северного Алтая жужанского времени (по материалам памятника Чобурак-I) // Археология Казахстана. 2024. No 3 (25). С. 57–73., 2024
The article presents the results of the study of weapons found during excavations of the burials ... more The article presents the results of the study of weapons found during excavations of the burials of the necropolis of the Rouran period at the site of Choburak-I. This muti-temporal complex, explored by the expedition of the Altai State University, is located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic. The analyzed series of products, found in the undisturbed burials of seven men, one teenager and a child, includes eight composite bows, 48 iron arrowheads, three swords, six combat knives and one armor plate. It has been established that this set of military equipment of nomads was focused on effective confrontation with a well-protected enemy and corresponded to medium cavalry and, possibly, heavily armed infantry. The armament complex was dominated quantitatively by items characteristic of the second quarter of the 1st millennium AD, and at the same iteme there were specimens that became widespread in Altai no earlier than the middle of the 4th century AD. In terms of their diversity and level of development, the studied set of objects was not inferior to the military arsenals of the Xianbei, as well as other groups of the population of Central and North Asia in the pre-Turkic period.
Seregin N.N., Svyatko S.V., Barrett G., Matrenin S.S., Reimer P.J. Combined AMS 14C and archaeological dating of the Rouran period cemetery of Choburak-I (Northern Altai) // Radiocarbon. 2024. P. 1–20. , 2024
This paper presents a detailed chronological study of the previously undisturbed burial ground of... more This paper presents a detailed chronological study of the previously undisturbed burial ground of Choburak-I of the Bulan-Koby Culture in the Northern Altai using a program of comprehensive dating, including AMS 14C dating of human and animal remains (26 14C dates from 12 kurgans in total), and archaeological dating of the associated artifacts. This completely excavated cemetery contained numerous grave goods and various organic remains (anthropological and archaeozoological) critical for understanding the social and chronological dynamics of this culture during the Rouran period in Altai (second half of the 4th–first half of the 6th century CE). The results of archaeological dating, supported by the largest set of AMS 14C dates for the Bulan-Koby Culture, and further aided by Bayesian analysis, demonstrate the likely continuous existence of the necropolis within the period of 310–400 cal CE, which broadly corresponds to the beginning of the Rouran period in the history of Altai, with a maximum duration of 66 years. The presented results make it possible to consider the necropolis of Choburak-I as a chronologically defining monument of the Rouran period of Northern Altai and permit a new level of relative and absolute chronological reconstructions for archaeological sites of this region and adjacent territories at the turn of late antiquity and the early Middle Ages.
Серегин Н.Н., Степанова Н.Ф. Вторичное погребение начала раннего средневековья из некрополя Горный-10 (Северный Алтай) // Проблемы археологии, этнографии, антропологии Сибири и сопредельных территорий. Новосибирск: ИАЭТ СО РАН, 2023. Т. XXIX. С. 856–863., 2023
Серегин Н.Н., Матренин С.С. Алтай в предтюркское время: исторические судьбы носителей дялянской традиции обрядовой практики // Нижневолжский археологический вестник. 2024. №1. С. 84–101. , 2024
The article presents the study of the Dyalyan tradition of ritual practice characteristic of one ... more The article presents the study of the Dyalyan tradition of ritual practice characteristic of one of the groups of the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture of Altai in the last quarter of the 1st millennium BC – the first half of the 1st millennium AD. The key features of this tradition are identified, the most significant of which is the burial of an individual oriented to the western sector of the horizon, accompanied by a horse laid “above” or “at the feet” of the buried individual. 45 similar burials localized in the northern and central Altai have been excavated to date. These burials demonstrate the features of the formation and evolution of the Dyalyan tradition throughout the entire period of the existence of the Bulan-Koby culture. This group of the population had the greatest importance in the pre-Turkic period (second half of the 4th – first half of the 5th centuries AD). New materials from the excavations of the Choburak-I necropolis, one of the demonstrative objects of which is published and analyzed in the article, confirm that in the nomads of Dyalyan tradition were representatives of the local elite in the Northern Altai. This is evidenced by the composition of the accompanying inventory from the studied burials which included advanced models of weapons and defensive armament, equipment for a person and a riding horse. The possibilities of reconstructing the historical fate of the Dyalyan tradition bearers are presented. It should be stressed that the characteristic features of the rite were not continued in the funeral practice of the early medieval Turks. The available rather fragmentary materials make it possible to outline the western direction of the migrations of the “Dyalyans” (probably as part of the Rouran community), as well as to make an assumption about their participation in the formation of certain population groups of the Srostki culture of the Forest-Steppe Altai.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Клинковое оружие населения Алтая жужанского времени (по материалам комплекса Чобурак-I) // Поволжская археология. 2024. №1. С. 191–202., 2024
The article presents the study of the collection of bladed weapons, obtained during the excavatio... more The article presents the study of the collection of bladed weapons, obtained during the excavations of the Rouran period burials on Choburak-I necropolis. This site is located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic. The analyzed series of weapons includes three swords and six combat knives found in the burials of four adult men and one teenager. It has been established that the complex of long-bladed weapons is represented by single-edged blades without crosshairs and pommel, with a semi-segmental tip. The surviving combat knives with a triangular blade section are divided into two types, distinguished by a straight handle and a handle inclined towards the blade. The published collection demonstrates typical examples of weapons of the nomads of Central Asia of the 4th – 5th centuries AD. New excavation materials confirm the thesis that swords were a status category of weapons among the population of Altai during the Great Migration period. Burials with such items, investigated as part of the Choburak-I necropolis, differed in the representative composition of the inventory, and, judging by the available data, belonged to military leaders or especially distinguished professional soldiers.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Элементы поясов населения Северного Алтая жужанского времени (по материалам некрополя Чобурак-I) // Теория и практика археологических исследований. 2023. №1. С. 122–148., 2023
The article presents the results of studying the collection of belt sets from the burials of the ... more The article presents the results of studying the collection of belt sets from the burials of the Bulan-Koby culture necropolis of Choburak-I, completely excavated by the expedition of Altai State University. This site is located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic, on the right bank of the Katun river. The published materials come from eleven undisturbed objects. The analyzed series is represented by iron objects: 17 buckles, 90 plaques, four tips, one distributor, five “blocks”, 14 fasteners. They find numerous analogies in the burial complexes of the Bulan-Koby culture of Altai in the 2nd — 5th centuries AD. A comparative study of the morphological features of the preserved metal parts made it possible to determine their relative chronology within the designated period. The study of the mutual occurrence of fixed categories of equipment became the basis for identifying several types of typesetting belts found in six burials. It has been established that the difference in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the belt sets is not related to the age and social status of the deceased men and, apparently, reflects the personal preferences of their owners. Belts from the graves of women, a teenager and a child were equipped with a minimum number of elements. The considered products demonstrate the variability in the design of belts by the population of the Northern Altai in the Rouran period. Archaeological data from the excavations of the Choburak-I site confirm the previously identified trends in the evolution of the equipment of the population of Altai at the turn of late antiquity and the early Middle Ages.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Новые материалы жужанского времени из Северного Алтая // Уфимский археологический вестник. 2023. №1. С. 63–75. , 2023
The article covers how the materials discovered by excavations in Kurgan No. 32 of Choburak-1 com... more The article covers how the materials discovered by excavations in Kurgan No. 32 of Choburak-1 complex are introduced in scientific use and how they are interpreted from the cultural, chronological and so- cial point of view. This monument includes items of various chronological periods and lays on the right bank of the Katun River, Chemalsky District, the Republic of Altai. The monument is explored by the archaeological expedition of the Altai State University. The above-ground structure of Kurgan No. 32 is a small oval bulk of soil fringed with a crepidoma. A shallow grave is discovered with an intact human body buried face-up with the head pointed North-West. The person is buried with a horse at the foot. The body is surrounded with multiple items discovered by excavations. There are various types of weapon, equipment items, tools and horse harness pieces. The research finds above-ground and underground structures. The ritualistic evidence indicates that the find belongs to the Dyalyan burial tradition born by the Bulan-Koby culture people. The found items are ana- lysed to establish the latest ones (trigonal armor-piercing arrow heads, iron parts of a combat knife scabbard, belt buckle clamps, girth buckle with a movable swivel prong, saddle edges). Besides, radiocarbon dating al- lows to date the burial back to the middle – second half of 4 century AD. The list of the items found beside the body (in particular, infighting bladed weapon and equipment) shows that this particular person used to have a high social status when still alive. Even though he was inferior to professional warriors buried in Choburak-1 necropolis.
Серегин Н.Н., Демин М.А., Матренин С.С. Воинское погребение эпохи Великого переселения народов из комплекса Карбан-I // Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филология. 2022. Т. 21. №7: Археология и этнография. С. 118–133., 2022
Archaeological complexes of Altai dated by the Great Migration Period indicate a high level of mi... more Archaeological complexes of Altai dated by the Great Migration Period indicate a high level of militarization of nomads. According to available materials, most of the male population was involved in the military activities. In the materials of individual necropolises, burials with a representative composition of weapons are distinguished, which confirm the hierarchy among the soldiers. The article presents one of such extraordinary burials and its interpretation in the context of contemporary ideas of the ethnocultural and social history of the Altai nomads. The authors concern the features of ritual practice and the complex of finds revealed during the excavation of mound no. 39 of the Karban-I necropolis, located in Northern Altai. The recorded characteristics indicate that the object belongs to the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture. Morphological analysis of weapons, equipment, tools and their comparison with materials from the complexes of Central Asia became the basis for determining the dating of the object in the framework of the 2nd – 3rd centuries AD. It has been established that the burial of kurgan no. 39 belongs to the Karban tradition, which has become widespread among the population of the Bulan-Koby culture in the Northern Altai. According to the composition of the inventory, the deceased man was a professional warrior. In addition, there is some reason to believe that he has a skill in carpentry. During his lifetime, this person belonged to a prosperous stratum of ordinary pastoralists who left the Karban I necropolis and other synchronous sites of Northern Altai.
Серегин Н.Н., Демин М.А., Матренин С.С., Уманский А.П. Северный Алтай в эпоху Великого переселения народов (по материалам археологического комплекса Карбан-I). Барнаул: Изд-во Алт. ун-та, 2022. 276 с. , 2022
The monograph is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of materials obtained during excavations of ... more The monograph is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of materials obtained during excavations of the Karban-I necropolis of the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture in the Chemal region of the Altai Republic. A detailed description of the results of field research is presented, as well as the possibilities of their chronological and ethno-social interpretation are demonstrated. The corpus of archaeological sources introduced into scientific circulation expands the understanding of various aspects of the history of the Altai population in the initial period of the Great Migration period. The publication is intended for archaeologists, ethnographers, anthropologists and historians, and can also be recommended to students in classical universities at specialized faculties and institutes.
Серегин Н.Н., Васютин С.А. Раннетюркские археологические комплексы Центрального и Восточного Алтая (по материалам исследований А.С. Васютина). Барнаул: Изд-во Алт. ун-та, 2021. 296 с., 2021
The monograph is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the materials obtained in the study of a ... more The monograph is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the materials obtained in the study of a representative series of Early Turkic «memorial» objects in the Central and Eastern Altai. The results of the excavations carried out by the Altai team of the South Siberian expedition from the Kemerovo State University under the leadership of A.S. Vasyutin in 1980–1984 to the sites of Bolshoy Kurmanak-I–II, Kok-Pash, Koo-I, Kudyrge, Nizhnyaya Sooru, Ust-Karasu have been introduced into scientific discourse. The study of those informative materials supplemented by data from other complexes of the second half of the 5th – first half of the 7th centuries AD, allowed us to present the results of reconstructing complex ethno-genetic and socio-cultural processes in Altai and adjacent areas in the Early Turkic period. The publication is addressed to archaeologists, historians and ethnographers, as well as to students of classical universities in specialized faculties and anyone interested in various aspects of the study of Eurasian nomadic societies.
Серегин Н.Н., Матренин С.С. Социальная история населения Алтая в эпоху кочевых империй (II в. до н.э. – XIV в. н.э.): по материалам археологических комплексов. Барнаул: Изд-во Алт. ун-та, 2020. 268 с.
В монографии представлен опыт реконструкции социальной истории населения Алтая в эпоху кочевых им... more В монографии представлен опыт реконструкции социальной истории населения Алтая в эпоху кочевых империй (II в. до н.э. – XIV в. н.э.). Осуществлен детальный анализ значительного объема материалов раскопок археологических комплексов, датирующихся в рамках II в. до н.э. – XIV в. н.э. В разделах книги последовательно рассмотрены возможности изучения процессов социогенеза носителей булан-кобинской археологической культуры, раннесредневековых тюрок и кыргызов Алтая, а также населения региона монгольского времени. Полученные результаты сопоставлены с ключевыми событиями этнополитической истории кочевников обозначенного региона, а также сопредельных территорий. Издание предназначено археологам, историкам, антропологам и этнографам, а также может быть рекомендовано обучающимся в классических университетах на профильных факультетах и всем интересующимся различными аспектами изучения кочевых обществ Евразии.
The book presents the experience of studying of the foneral rite of the population of the Altai n... more The book presents the experience of studying of the foneral rite of the population of the Altai nomads in Hiungnu-Syanbi-Zhouzhan time and the early Middle Ages. The authors concerns result of the systematization and analysis of more than 900 graves belonging to different stages of Bulan-Koby and Turkic cultures. It became the base for reconstruction of ethno-cultural processes taking place in the Altai in II century BC – XI century AD. Book is intended for experts in the field of archeology, history, ethnographies and cultural science, and also for a wide range of researchers studying the nomadic societies of Altai and adjacent territories.
The book deals with the theoretical and historical aspects of the study of elites in nomadic soci... more The book deals with the theoretical and historical aspects of the study of elites in nomadic societies of Eurasia in Late Antiquity. Much attention is given to research methodology of elite groups in the sociopolitical organization of the nomads of South Siberia and Central Asia. Based on the analysis of archaeological material and written sources data for demarcation of various types of elites in societies of nomads is given. Special attention is paid to sacralization of rulers of nomads and the influence of the religious factor on the ideological basis of the legitimacy of power. The publication will be useful to historians, specialists on religious studies, archaeologists, ethnographers and everyone who are interested in the social and political history of the nomadic peoples of Eurasia.
В монографии демонстрируется современный опыт исследования ритуальных комплексов раннесредневеков... more В монографии демонстрируется современный опыт исследования ритуальных комплексов раннесредневековых тюрок, расположенных на территории Алтая. Отражены итоги систематизации и анализа таких объектов, а также представлены возможности их интерпретации. Издание рассчитано на специалистов в области археологии, истории, этнографии и культурологии, а также на широкий круг исследователей, занимающихся изучением кочевых обществ Алтая и сопредельных территорий.
Results in research of early medieval Turkic ritual complexes, located in the territory of Altai, are presented in the monograph. Experience of systematization and the analysis of such objects and also possibilities of their interpretation are demonstrated. Book is designed for experts in the field of archeology, history, ethnographies and cultural science, and also on a wide range of researchers studying the nomadic societies of Altai and adjacent territories.
The monograph presents the experience of a study of structure of the society of Türks of Inner As... more The monograph presents the experience of a study of structure of the society of Türks of Inner Asia on the 2nd half of the 1st millennium A.D. There had been analyzed a wide range of written and archaeological sources to show various aspects of a social history of the nomads. In essays contained in the book authors consequentially consider such features of the Türkic society as a kinship system, type of family, age stratification and gender differentiation. Possibilities for solving some of certain problems of the history of nomads, such as the existence of the institute of the comitatus, allotment of the strata of ministers of religion, and also characteristics of forms of social dependency, are demonstrated.
This book is intended for both the specialist in history and archaeology, and the general reader, those who are interested of various aspects of a history of nomadic societies of Inner Asia and adjacent territories.
В монографии подробно представлены результаты фиксации и изучения археологических памятников в ур... more В монографии подробно представлены результаты фиксации и изучения археологических памятников в урочище Уркош, расположенном на левом берегу Катуни в Онгудайском районе Республики Алтай (Россия). Проведенные исследования и полученные материалы позволяют охарактеризовать основные этапы разработанной культурно-хронологической схемы и рассмотреть традиционную систему жизнеобеспечения, сформировавшуюся в ходе освоения Центрального Алтая древними, средневековыми и современными животноводами.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Комплекс вооружения кочевников Северного Алтая жужанского времени (по материалам памятника Чобурак-I) // Археология Казахстана. 2024. No 3 (25). С. 57–73., 2024
The article presents the results of the study of weapons found during excavations of the burials ... more The article presents the results of the study of weapons found during excavations of the burials of the necropolis of the Rouran period at the site of Choburak-I. This muti-temporal complex, explored by the expedition of the Altai State University, is located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic. The analyzed series of products, found in the undisturbed burials of seven men, one teenager and a child, includes eight composite bows, 48 iron arrowheads, three swords, six combat knives and one armor plate. It has been established that this set of military equipment of nomads was focused on effective confrontation with a well-protected enemy and corresponded to medium cavalry and, possibly, heavily armed infantry. The armament complex was dominated quantitatively by items characteristic of the second quarter of the 1st millennium AD, and at the same iteme there were specimens that became widespread in Altai no earlier than the middle of the 4th century AD. In terms of their diversity and level of development, the studied set of objects was not inferior to the military arsenals of the Xianbei, as well as other groups of the population of Central and North Asia in the pre-Turkic period.
Seregin N.N., Svyatko S.V., Barrett G., Matrenin S.S., Reimer P.J. Combined AMS 14C and archaeological dating of the Rouran period cemetery of Choburak-I (Northern Altai) // Radiocarbon. 2024. P. 1–20. , 2024
This paper presents a detailed chronological study of the previously undisturbed burial ground of... more This paper presents a detailed chronological study of the previously undisturbed burial ground of Choburak-I of the Bulan-Koby Culture in the Northern Altai using a program of comprehensive dating, including AMS 14C dating of human and animal remains (26 14C dates from 12 kurgans in total), and archaeological dating of the associated artifacts. This completely excavated cemetery contained numerous grave goods and various organic remains (anthropological and archaeozoological) critical for understanding the social and chronological dynamics of this culture during the Rouran period in Altai (second half of the 4th–first half of the 6th century CE). The results of archaeological dating, supported by the largest set of AMS 14C dates for the Bulan-Koby Culture, and further aided by Bayesian analysis, demonstrate the likely continuous existence of the necropolis within the period of 310–400 cal CE, which broadly corresponds to the beginning of the Rouran period in the history of Altai, with a maximum duration of 66 years. The presented results make it possible to consider the necropolis of Choburak-I as a chronologically defining monument of the Rouran period of Northern Altai and permit a new level of relative and absolute chronological reconstructions for archaeological sites of this region and adjacent territories at the turn of late antiquity and the early Middle Ages.
Серегин Н.Н., Степанова Н.Ф. Вторичное погребение начала раннего средневековья из некрополя Горный-10 (Северный Алтай) // Проблемы археологии, этнографии, антропологии Сибири и сопредельных территорий. Новосибирск: ИАЭТ СО РАН, 2023. Т. XXIX. С. 856–863., 2023
Серегин Н.Н., Матренин С.С. Алтай в предтюркское время: исторические судьбы носителей дялянской традиции обрядовой практики // Нижневолжский археологический вестник. 2024. №1. С. 84–101. , 2024
The article presents the study of the Dyalyan tradition of ritual practice characteristic of one ... more The article presents the study of the Dyalyan tradition of ritual practice characteristic of one of the groups of the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture of Altai in the last quarter of the 1st millennium BC – the first half of the 1st millennium AD. The key features of this tradition are identified, the most significant of which is the burial of an individual oriented to the western sector of the horizon, accompanied by a horse laid “above” or “at the feet” of the buried individual. 45 similar burials localized in the northern and central Altai have been excavated to date. These burials demonstrate the features of the formation and evolution of the Dyalyan tradition throughout the entire period of the existence of the Bulan-Koby culture. This group of the population had the greatest importance in the pre-Turkic period (second half of the 4th – first half of the 5th centuries AD). New materials from the excavations of the Choburak-I necropolis, one of the demonstrative objects of which is published and analyzed in the article, confirm that in the nomads of Dyalyan tradition were representatives of the local elite in the Northern Altai. This is evidenced by the composition of the accompanying inventory from the studied burials which included advanced models of weapons and defensive armament, equipment for a person and a riding horse. The possibilities of reconstructing the historical fate of the Dyalyan tradition bearers are presented. It should be stressed that the characteristic features of the rite were not continued in the funeral practice of the early medieval Turks. The available rather fragmentary materials make it possible to outline the western direction of the migrations of the “Dyalyans” (probably as part of the Rouran community), as well as to make an assumption about their participation in the formation of certain population groups of the Srostki culture of the Forest-Steppe Altai.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Клинковое оружие населения Алтая жужанского времени (по материалам комплекса Чобурак-I) // Поволжская археология. 2024. №1. С. 191–202., 2024
The article presents the study of the collection of bladed weapons, obtained during the excavatio... more The article presents the study of the collection of bladed weapons, obtained during the excavations of the Rouran period burials on Choburak-I necropolis. This site is located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic. The analyzed series of weapons includes three swords and six combat knives found in the burials of four adult men and one teenager. It has been established that the complex of long-bladed weapons is represented by single-edged blades without crosshairs and pommel, with a semi-segmental tip. The surviving combat knives with a triangular blade section are divided into two types, distinguished by a straight handle and a handle inclined towards the blade. The published collection demonstrates typical examples of weapons of the nomads of Central Asia of the 4th – 5th centuries AD. New excavation materials confirm the thesis that swords were a status category of weapons among the population of Altai during the Great Migration period. Burials with such items, investigated as part of the Choburak-I necropolis, differed in the representative composition of the inventory, and, judging by the available data, belonged to military leaders or especially distinguished professional soldiers.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Элементы поясов населения Северного Алтая жужанского времени (по материалам некрополя Чобурак-I) // Теория и практика археологических исследований. 2023. №1. С. 122–148., 2023
The article presents the results of studying the collection of belt sets from the burials of the ... more The article presents the results of studying the collection of belt sets from the burials of the Bulan-Koby culture necropolis of Choburak-I, completely excavated by the expedition of Altai State University. This site is located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic, on the right bank of the Katun river. The published materials come from eleven undisturbed objects. The analyzed series is represented by iron objects: 17 buckles, 90 plaques, four tips, one distributor, five “blocks”, 14 fasteners. They find numerous analogies in the burial complexes of the Bulan-Koby culture of Altai in the 2nd — 5th centuries AD. A comparative study of the morphological features of the preserved metal parts made it possible to determine their relative chronology within the designated period. The study of the mutual occurrence of fixed categories of equipment became the basis for identifying several types of typesetting belts found in six burials. It has been established that the difference in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the belt sets is not related to the age and social status of the deceased men and, apparently, reflects the personal preferences of their owners. Belts from the graves of women, a teenager and a child were equipped with a minimum number of elements. The considered products demonstrate the variability in the design of belts by the population of the Northern Altai in the Rouran period. Archaeological data from the excavations of the Choburak-I site confirm the previously identified trends in the evolution of the equipment of the population of Altai at the turn of late antiquity and the early Middle Ages.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Новые материалы жужанского времени из Северного Алтая // Уфимский археологический вестник. 2023. №1. С. 63–75. , 2023
The article covers how the materials discovered by excavations in Kurgan No. 32 of Choburak-1 com... more The article covers how the materials discovered by excavations in Kurgan No. 32 of Choburak-1 complex are introduced in scientific use and how they are interpreted from the cultural, chronological and so- cial point of view. This monument includes items of various chronological periods and lays on the right bank of the Katun River, Chemalsky District, the Republic of Altai. The monument is explored by the archaeological expedition of the Altai State University. The above-ground structure of Kurgan No. 32 is a small oval bulk of soil fringed with a crepidoma. A shallow grave is discovered with an intact human body buried face-up with the head pointed North-West. The person is buried with a horse at the foot. The body is surrounded with multiple items discovered by excavations. There are various types of weapon, equipment items, tools and horse harness pieces. The research finds above-ground and underground structures. The ritualistic evidence indicates that the find belongs to the Dyalyan burial tradition born by the Bulan-Koby culture people. The found items are ana- lysed to establish the latest ones (trigonal armor-piercing arrow heads, iron parts of a combat knife scabbard, belt buckle clamps, girth buckle with a movable swivel prong, saddle edges). Besides, radiocarbon dating al- lows to date the burial back to the middle – second half of 4 century AD. The list of the items found beside the body (in particular, infighting bladed weapon and equipment) shows that this particular person used to have a high social status when still alive. Even though he was inferior to professional warriors buried in Choburak-1 necropolis.
Серегин Н.Н., Демин М.А., Матренин С.С. Воинское погребение эпохи Великого переселения народов из комплекса Карбан-I // Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филология. 2022. Т. 21. №7: Археология и этнография. С. 118–133., 2022
Archaeological complexes of Altai dated by the Great Migration Period indicate a high level of mi... more Archaeological complexes of Altai dated by the Great Migration Period indicate a high level of militarization of nomads. According to available materials, most of the male population was involved in the military activities. In the materials of individual necropolises, burials with a representative composition of weapons are distinguished, which confirm the hierarchy among the soldiers. The article presents one of such extraordinary burials and its interpretation in the context of contemporary ideas of the ethnocultural and social history of the Altai nomads. The authors concern the features of ritual practice and the complex of finds revealed during the excavation of mound no. 39 of the Karban-I necropolis, located in Northern Altai. The recorded characteristics indicate that the object belongs to the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture. Morphological analysis of weapons, equipment, tools and their comparison with materials from the complexes of Central Asia became the basis for determining the dating of the object in the framework of the 2nd – 3rd centuries AD. It has been established that the burial of kurgan no. 39 belongs to the Karban tradition, which has become widespread among the population of the Bulan-Koby culture in the Northern Altai. According to the composition of the inventory, the deceased man was a professional warrior. In addition, there is some reason to believe that he has a skill in carpentry. During his lifetime, this person belonged to a prosperous stratum of ordinary pastoralists who left the Karban I necropolis and other synchronous sites of Northern Altai.
Серегин Н.Н., Матренин С.С. Социальная планиграфия некрополя предтюркского времени Чобурак-I (Северный Алтай) // Народы и религии Евразии. 2023. №4. С. 44–58., 2023
The article is devoted to the social interpretation of the features of the internal layout of the... more The article is devoted to the social interpretation of the features of the internal layout of the pre-Turkic period necropolis of Choburak-I. This burial ground is localized as part of a multi- temporal complex situated on the right bank of the Katun river, near the Elanda village, in the Chemal region of the Altai Republic. It includes 12 undisturbed mounds that were excavated by an archaeological expedition from Altai State University under the guidance of one of the authors of the article. It has been established that most of the elements of planigraphy of the studied site reflect the universals of the burial practice of the population of the Bulan-Koby culture of Altai in the last quarter of the 1st millennium BC — first half of the 1st millennium AD. These include placing mounds in a small area in several dense rows, elongated in the meridional direction with a significant deviation, separate location of the graves of men and women, and compact location of burials of people with similar social status. It was revealed that there was no influence of the age factor on the location of the burials of adults of both sexes. An indicative characteristic of the necropolis is the location of burials of men with different lifetime social status throughout their lifetime within three separate groups of mounds.
Серегин Н.Н., Степанова Н.Ф. Погребение эпохи Тюркских каганатов с набором китайских монет: к хронологии объектов некрополя Горный-10 // Проблемы археологии, этнографии, антропологии Сибири и сопредельных территорий. Новосибирск: ИАЭТ СО РАН, 2022. Т. XXVIII. С. 714–720. , 2022
The article publishes the evidence from excavation of grave 18 of the Gorny-10 necropolis and giv... more The article publishes the evidence from excavation of grave 18 of the Gorny-10 necropolis and gives its chronological interpretation. This site, located in Krasnogorsk District of the Altai Krai, was researched in 2000–2003, and presently can be considered a basic complex for studying various aspects of history of the population living in Southwestern Siberia in the Early Middle Ages. This object is a heavily destroyed burial of an adult woman with a fairly representative inventory, which included mainly jewelry and elements of outfit. The most important part of material complex is five Chinese coins. They belong to four types which were minted at different times over several centuries. Along with fairly common specimens, a chang-pin u-zhu coin was discovered; its analogies occur rarely at the sites of North and Central Asia. It has been established that the discovery of the kai-yuan tong-bao coin which defines the terminus post quem for this object, is of key importance for dating grave 18. This find, judging by its features, dates back to a period of not earlier than 627. Taking into account the time needed for the coin to reach the forest-steppe Altai, the burial in grave 18 was most likely made after the 630s. The analysis of the material complex has made it possible to limit the upper date of this object to the late 7th – early 8th century. The time when grave 18, located on the southern periphery of the Gorny-10 necropolis, was made, shows the approximate period of development in this part of the complex and demonstrates the opportunities for clarifying chronology at the entire site.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Удила и псалии из археологических памятников Северного Алтая жужанского времени (по материалам комплекса Чобурак-I) // Вестник НГУ. Серия: История, филология. 2023. Т. 22, №5: Археология и этнография. С. 105–117., 2023
Purpose. This article studies bits and cheek-pieces belong to the mass categories of riding horse... more Purpose. This article studies bits and cheek-pieces belong to the mass categories of riding horse equipment from the archaeological sites of Altai of 2nd century BC – 5th century AD. These finds, taking into account the rarity of such materials from synchronous sites in adjacent territories, are an important source for the reconstruction of horse equipment of the nomads of Central and North Asia. The article presents the analysis of a series of bits and cheek-pieces from objects of the Rouran period of the Choburak-I necropolis. Methods and Results. The analyzed collection includes nine bits and five cheek-pieces. The basis of the study was the morphological analysis and classification of items of horse equipment, as well as the comparison of these finds with materials from neighboring territories. Two types of bits and two types of cheek-pieces are distinguished, demonstrat- ing common and special features of the manufacture of bridle sets by the population of Northern Altai in the Rouran period. A comparative study made it possible to determine their dating and genesis. Conclusion. It has been established that bits and cheek-pieces are an important chronological marker for further clarification of the periodization of the archaeological sites of Altai. It is concluded that the horse equipment of the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture had a significant impact on the appearance of this category of objects among the early Turks. The results obtained expand the existing ideas about the evolution of horse equipment among the nomads of Asia in the middle of the 1st millennium AD.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Костяные (роговые) детали плетей в предметном комплексе населения Алтая жужанского времени (по материалам некрополя Чобурак-I) // Археология евразийских степей. 2023. №3. С. 257–267. , 2023
The article presents the results of the study of one of the rather rare groups of findings – bone... more The article presents the results of the study of one of the rather rare groups of findings – bone (antler) parts of whips, revealed during the excavations of the objects of the Rouran period necropolis on the Choburak-I burial site. This complex, studied by the Altai State University expedition, is located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic. The details of the whips, that make up the most numerous series of such items from the published objects of the Bulan-Koby culture, come from the burials of four men and one teenager (barrows 29a, 30a, 31, 32, 38). The morphological analysis of the finds, their classification and comparison with materials from the sites of North and Central Asia of the early Iron Age and the Middle Ages made it possible to determine the functional characteristics of the objects, among which parts of handles and ends of whips, as well as knobs (end-pieces) of crops were identified. The chronology of different types of items within the first half of the I millennium AD has been specified. It was found that crops with knobs (end-pieces) in the form of massive tubes were material culture indicative elements of the Altai nomads in the second half of the IV – the first half of the V centuries AD. The thesis that whips were a stable marker of the burial set of the male population of the region under consideration in the Great Migration period is confirmed.
Серегин Н.Н., Монгуш К.М. Раннетюркские оградки комплекса Ак-Даг // Поволжская археология. 2023. №2. С. 87–100., 2023
The article presents the publication and diverse interpretation of materials from the excavations... more The article presents the publication and diverse interpretation of materials from the excavations of the enclosures of the Ak-Dag complex, located in the Erzin district of the Tuva Republic. The objects under study were investigated by the archaeological expedition under the leadership of M.Kh. Mannay-ool in 1961. Despite the importance of the information obtained during the excavations, these data were not published and were not used in the development of well-known concepts of the history of the region. The article provides a detailed description of the studied enclosures, as well as an analysis of the fixed features of structures, elements of ritual practice and inventory items. It has been established that the dating of objects can be determined by the framework of the second half of the 5th – 6th centuries AD with the possibility of narrowing the chronology, taking into account the known historical context, to the middle – the second half of the 6th century AD. The Ak-Dag enclosures, as well as other, so far a very few complexes of Tuva of this period, testify to the emergence in this region of a new population group, close in tradition to the Altai nomads. There is every reason to assert that these processes are associated with the military campaigns of the Turks, which led to the creation of the First Khaganate.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Воинское погребение жужанского времени из Северного Алтая // Вестник археологии, антропологии и этнографии. 2023. №2. С. 80–94. , 2023
The article introduces into scientific discourse cultural, chronological and social interpretatio... more The article introduces into scientific discourse cultural, chronological and social interpretation of the warrior burial, investigated during the excavations of the necropolis of the Bulan-Koby Culture of the Choburak-I funerary and ritual complex. The site is located on the right bank of the Katun River, to the south from the Elanda village of Chemal district, Altai Republic. During the research, a burial of a man with a horse and accompanying equipment, including a representative set of weapons (bow, a large number of arrows with iron tips, a sword, two combat knives), a belt decorated with numerous belt fittings, horse equipment, and other items were studied. A detailed description of the finds, including both widespread and very rare types of items, has been carried out. The indi- cated circle of analogies from the sites of the Bulan-Koby Culture of Altai, as well as complexes excavated in ad- jacent territories, allows us to determine the date of burial mound No30 to the 4th c. AD. This conclusion is con- firmed by the results of radiocarbon dating of a series of objects from the Choburak-I necropolis. The complex of elements of ritual practice indicates that the burial mound belongs to the previously identified Dialyan burial tradition of the Altai population of the end of the 1st mil. BC — first half of the 1st mil. AD. This is suggested by the combination of the following features: an oval mound with a crepidoma, inhumation burial rite, northwest orientation of the deceased, accompanying of the deceased by a horse laid “at the feet” of the person and its orientation with its head in the same direction as the deceased, inner grave construction in the form of a deck. The composition of the grave goods allows us to conclude that the buried man was of a high social status, possibly a warrior who commanded a large unit of professional warriors, and also, possibly, the leader of a local group of pastoralists who left the Choburak-I necropolis. Some peculiar features of the analysed complex reflect the ideological paradigm of the Bulan-Koby population, such as placement into the grave of a broken (disassembled?) bow and a large number of arrows, covering the person’s body at the time of the burial.
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Редкие категории предметного комплекса из объектов жужанского времени некрополя Чобурак-I (Северный Алтай) // Сохранение и изучение культурного наследия Алтайского края. Барнаул: Изд-во Алт. ун-та, 2023. Вып. XXIX. C. 218–225., 2023
The article presents a characteristic of a series of items discovered during excavations of the R... more The article presents a characteristic of a series of items discovered during excavations of the Rouran period necropolis at the Choburak-I burial ground. This multi- temporal site, located in Northern Altai, was studied by the expedition of Altai State University. As part of the numerous inventory of 12 undisturbed burials, the finds are distinguished that are rare for the subject complex of the population of the Bulan-Koby culture. These include an iron cauldron, a collection of items made of bone and horn (a comb, an arrowhead, a cosmetic brush, claps, fasteners for elements of horse equipment), as well as stone whorls. It has been established that these finds demonstrate the original characteristics of the material culture of the nomads of the Northern Altai in the Rouran period. Some finds at the same time testify to the influence of the traditions of the “Bulan-Kobins” on the formation of the appearance of some functional sets of the early Turks (the second half of the 5th–7th centuries AD).
Серегин Н.Н., Тишкин А.А., Матренин С.С., Паршикова Т.С. Погребение пожилого мужчины жужанского времени из Северного Алтая: опыт социальной интерпретации // Археология Казахстана. 2023. №1(19). С. 43–57. , 2023
The article presents the results of the study of one of the peculiar burials of the Rouran period... more The article presents the results of the study of one of the peculiar burials of the Rouran period of the Choburak-I complex. A compact necropolis of 12 objects was excavated by the expedition of the Altai State University on the area of this multi-time monument located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic. The burial of an elderly man (over 55 years old) with a horse and representative inventory, including weapons, horse equipment, tools and household items, was investigated in kurgan No. 31a. It has been established that the object in question belongs to the Dialyan tradition of the funeral rite of the population of the Bulan-Koby culture. The analysis of the inventory, as well as the results of radiocarbon dating, make it possible to date the kurgan No. 31a to the middle-second half of the 4th century AD. The new materials are compared with the data interpreted earlier during the reconstruction of the Bulan-Koby social structure. It has been established that the elderly man during his lifetime belonged to the prosperous stratum of the society of the nomads of the Northern Altai. The preservation by this individual of all the attributes of a full-fledged member of society could be explained both by his individual characteristics and by the fact that he was a representative of a local group that made up the local elite of the nomads of the Rouran зукшщв.
Серегин Н.Н., Демин М.А., Матренин С.С. Комплекс вооружения населения Северного Алтая сяньбийского времени (по материалам некрополя Карбан-I) // Вестник археологии, антропологии и этнографии. 2023. №1. С. 68–80., 2023
The paper is aimed at introducing into the scientific discourse and complex interpretation of the... more The paper is aimed at introducing into the scientific discourse and complex interpretation of the weapon items discovered during excavations of the sites of the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture of the Karban-I ne- cropolis. This site, which comprises a series of burial mounds of the Great Migration Period, was partially investigated by the expedition of Barnaul State Pedagogical Institute in 1989–1990. The complex is located on the left bank of the Katun River, 1.7 km north-west of Kuyus village, in Chemalsky District of the Altai Republic. Weapons were found in five undisturbed male burials of the Xianbei period (mounds No 9, 11, 14, 33, 39). The finds ana- lyzed include long-range and close-range weapons: five compound bows; 14 iron arrowheads; four iron combat knives; and one dagger. Morphological analysis and classification of the objects, as well as their comparison with known artefacts of the last quarter of the 1st mil. BC — the first half of the 1st mil. AD from the sites of Central, Inner, and North Asia became the basis for conclusions concerning the determination of the dating of the pro- ducts. It has been found that the complex of weapons of the nomads who built the necropolis of the Bulan-Koby Culture at the mouth of the Karban River, was aimed at efficient countering of a lightly protected enemy and was appropriate for light cavalry and infantry. It includes both the already well-known (Xiungny) and new (local) modifi- cations of the offensive weapons. In terms of its diversity and level of development, this set of weaponry was sig- nificantly inferior to the military arsenals of the Xiongnu and Xianbei periods, as well as that of the population of the Bulan-Koby Culture of the late 3rd — 5th c. AD. The body of the conclusions made permits it to assume that the considered corpus of weapons reflects the initial stage of the evolution of the armament of the Altai population in the first half of the 1st mil. AD. The published materials expand the source base for the study of warfare of the population of Northern Altai in the Xianbei period. The obtained results of the chronological interpretation of diffe- rent categories of weapons can be used to refine the periodization of the sites of the Belo-Bom stage (2nd — 1st half of the 4th c. AD) of the Bulan-Koby Culture.
Серегин Н.Н., Демин М.А., Матренин С.С. Погребение раннесяньбийского времени в устье реки Карбан (Северный Алтай) // Известия лаборатории древних технологий. 2022. Т. 18. №2. С. 37–49., 2022
The article presents the results of the analysis and interpretation of materials of the warrior b... more The article presents the results of the analysis and interpretation of materials of the warrior burial from mound No. 9 of the Karban-I necropolis of the Bulan-Koby culture, excavated in 1989 by the expedition of the Barnaul State Pedagogical Institute (now the Altai State Pedagogical University). This complex is located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic, on the left bank of the Katun River, 1.7 km northwest of the Kuyus village. The recorded features of the burial structures (mound with an oval- shaped crepe-laying, a shallow grave pit, a stone box) and the method of inhumation (a single corpse lying on the back, the orientation of the deceased to the western sector of the horizon, without the accompanying burial of a horse) testify to the belonging of this object to the Karban ritual tradition of the Altai population in II century BC – V century AD. The authors carried out a detailed description of the accompanying inventory, represented by weapons (bow, iron arrowhead, dagger), equipment (belt buckles), tools (bone arrowheads, knife, awl) and jewelry (beads). Mutual occurrence of items made it possible to date the considered burial by the early Xianbei period (II – first half of 3rd centuries AD). It is concluded that the buried man belonged to the ordinary population of the Bulan-Koby society, apparently, to its prosperous part. This individual could be part of a group of professional warriors who made up the lightly armed cavalry. The published data expand the range of sources for studying the evolution of the society of pastoralists of the Northern Altai in the first third of the I millennium AD, and also update the conduct of research aimed at identifying burial sites of the early stage of the White-Bom stage of the Bulan-Koby culture.
Серегин Н.Н., Монгуш К.М. Раннесредневековое захоронение лошади из Западной Тувы (по материалам раскопок М.Х. Маннай-оола) // Известия Алтайского государственного университета. Исторические науки и археология. 2022. №2. С. 78–84. , 2022
The article presents the materials of horse burial, excavated as part of the Chazy complex. The s... more The article presents the materials of horse burial, excavated as part of the Chazy complex. The study of this site, located in Western Tuva, was carried out by the expedition of the Tuva Research Institute of Language, Literature and History under the leadership of M.Kh. Mannai-ool in 1969. The authors concern a detailed description of the published object attributed to the archaeological culture of the early medieval Turks. Peculiar features of the horse burial are the absence of a skull, as well as a position of animal on the back. The dating of the complex, based on the time of existence of the discovered iron stirrups, is determined within the second half of the 7th–8th centuries AD. It has been established that this object remains the only under- kurgan horse burial of the Early Middle Ages excavated on the territory of Tuva. It has been suggested that the appearance of such a tradition in the designated region is associated with the influence of the Altai Turks. Such sites are quite widespread there.
Серегин Н.Н., Демин М.А., Матренин С.С. Костяные (роговые) наконечники стрел населения Северного Алтая сяньбийского времени (по материалам комплекса Карбан-I) // Нижневолжский археологический вестник. 2022. №1. С. 155–170., 2022
The article presents the results of the systematization and chronological interpretation of bone ... more The article presents the results of the systematization and chronological interpretation of bone (horn) arrowheads found during excavations of the Xianbei time burials of the Karban-I necropolis. This complex is located in the Chemal region of the Altai Republic. The published collection includes 26 bone (horn) arrowheads from seven burial kurgans. As a result of morphological analysis and classification of 23 items of good and satisfactory preservation, nine types were identified. There are both already known and specific modifications that have no analogies in the materials of the Bulan-Koby culture. Comparative study of general, special and individual morphological features made it possible to determine the relative chronology of the items. It was found that the arrowheads from Karban-I necropolis are not genetically related to the bone-cutting traditions of the Pazyryk culture population and represent the local development of specimens that appeared in the Xiongnu (2nd century BC–1st centuryAD) and Xianbei (2nd –1st half of the 4th century AD) time. A series of “experimental” specimens with a separately made bone whistle (types 1b, 4b), which represent a simplified technology for making tips with a one- piece bushing whistle (type 7a), have been identified. It is noted that arrowheads with a sleeve (type 8a) and clamping attachments (type 9a) have rather rare structural elements. Additional evidence was obtained that the population of Altai in the Xianbei time could use arrows with bone tips not only for hunting purposes, but also as a weapon to defeat a weakly defended enemy.
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Books by Nikolai Seregin
The publication is intended for archaeologists, ethnographers, anthropologists and historians, and can also be recommended to students in classical universities at specialized faculties and institutes.
The publication is addressed to archaeologists, historians and ethnographers, as well as to students of classical universities in specialized faculties and anyone interested in various aspects of the study of Eurasian nomadic societies.
Book is intended for experts in the field of archeology, history, ethnographies and cultural science, and also for a wide range of researchers studying the nomadic societies of Altai and adjacent territories.
of Eurasia in Late Antiquity. Much attention is given to research methodology of elite groups in the sociopolitical organization of the nomads of South Siberia and Central Asia. Based on the analysis of archaeological material and written sources data for demarcation of various types of elites in societies of nomads is given. Special attention is paid to sacralization of rulers of nomads and the influence of the religious factor on the ideological basis of the legitimacy of power.
The publication will be useful to historians, specialists on religious studies, archaeologists, ethnographers and everyone who are interested in the social and political history of the nomadic peoples of Eurasia.
Results in research of early medieval Turkic ritual complexes, located in the territory of Altai, are presented in the monograph. Experience of systematization and the analysis of such objects and also possibilities of their interpretation are demonstrated. Book is designed for experts in the field of archeology, history, ethnographies and cultural science, and also on a wide range of researchers studying the nomadic societies of Altai and adjacent territories.
This book is intended for both the specialist in history and archaeology, and the general reader, those who are interested of various aspects of a history of nomadic societies of Inner Asia and adjacent territories.
Papers by Nikolai Seregin
The authors concern the features of ritual practice and the complex of finds revealed during the excavation of mound no. 39 of the Karban-I necropolis, located in Northern Altai. The recorded characteristics indicate that the object belongs to the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture. Morphological analysis of weapons, equipment, tools and their comparison with materials from the complexes of Central Asia became the basis for determining the dating of the object in the framework of the 2nd – 3rd centuries AD.
It has been established that the burial of kurgan no. 39 belongs to the Karban tradition, which has become widespread among the population of the Bulan-Koby culture in the Northern Altai. According to the composition of the inventory, the deceased man was a professional warrior. In addition, there is some reason to believe that he has a skill in carpentry. During his lifetime, this person belonged to a prosperous stratum of ordinary pastoralists who left the Karban I necropolis and other synchronous sites of Northern Altai.
The publication is intended for archaeologists, ethnographers, anthropologists and historians, and can also be recommended to students in classical universities at specialized faculties and institutes.
The publication is addressed to archaeologists, historians and ethnographers, as well as to students of classical universities in specialized faculties and anyone interested in various aspects of the study of Eurasian nomadic societies.
Book is intended for experts in the field of archeology, history, ethnographies and cultural science, and also for a wide range of researchers studying the nomadic societies of Altai and adjacent territories.
of Eurasia in Late Antiquity. Much attention is given to research methodology of elite groups in the sociopolitical organization of the nomads of South Siberia and Central Asia. Based on the analysis of archaeological material and written sources data for demarcation of various types of elites in societies of nomads is given. Special attention is paid to sacralization of rulers of nomads and the influence of the religious factor on the ideological basis of the legitimacy of power.
The publication will be useful to historians, specialists on religious studies, archaeologists, ethnographers and everyone who are interested in the social and political history of the nomadic peoples of Eurasia.
Results in research of early medieval Turkic ritual complexes, located in the territory of Altai, are presented in the monograph. Experience of systematization and the analysis of such objects and also possibilities of their interpretation are demonstrated. Book is designed for experts in the field of archeology, history, ethnographies and cultural science, and also on a wide range of researchers studying the nomadic societies of Altai and adjacent territories.
This book is intended for both the specialist in history and archaeology, and the general reader, those who are interested of various aspects of a history of nomadic societies of Inner Asia and adjacent territories.
The authors concern the features of ritual practice and the complex of finds revealed during the excavation of mound no. 39 of the Karban-I necropolis, located in Northern Altai. The recorded characteristics indicate that the object belongs to the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture. Morphological analysis of weapons, equipment, tools and their comparison with materials from the complexes of Central Asia became the basis for determining the dating of the object in the framework of the 2nd – 3rd centuries AD.
It has been established that the burial of kurgan no. 39 belongs to the Karban tradition, which has become widespread among the population of the Bulan-Koby culture in the Northern Altai. According to the composition of the inventory, the deceased man was a professional warrior. In addition, there is some reason to believe that he has a skill in carpentry. During his lifetime, this person belonged to a prosperous stratum of ordinary pastoralists who left the Karban I necropolis and other synchronous sites of Northern Altai.
Methods and Results. The analyzed collection includes nine bits and five cheek-pieces. The basis of the study was the morphological analysis and classification of items of horse equipment, as well as the comparison of these finds with materials from neighboring territories. Two types of bits and two types of cheek-pieces are distinguished, demonstrat- ing common and special features of the manufacture of bridle sets by the population of Northern Altai in the Rouran period. A comparative study made it possible to determine their dating and genesis.
Conclusion. It has been established that bits and cheek-pieces are an important chronological marker for further clarification of the periodization of the archaeological sites of Altai. It is concluded that the horse equipment of the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture had a significant impact on the appearance of this category of objects among the early Turks. The results obtained expand the existing ideas about the evolution of horse equipment among the nomads of Asia in the middle of the 1st millennium AD.