Mike Hough is Emeritus Professor at the School of Law, Birkbeck, University of London and previously University of London Professor of Criminal Policy from 2003 until 2016. He is a member of the Institute for Criminal Policy Research (ICPR), which he founded and directed until his retirement in 2016. ICPR is one of the major UK centres for academic policy research on criminal justice. Mike’s research interests include: procedural justice theory, policing and sentencing.
International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2015
This entry addresses the question of how public compliance with the law is cultivated andsustaine... more This entry addresses the question of how public compliance with the law is cultivated andsustained. Exploring the nature and impact of legal authority, we first consider the empiricalevidence for instrumental and normative modes of compliance and social regulation. Afterdescribing procedural justice and legitimacy as the most effective way of securing normativecompliance with the law, and arguing that such compliance is ethically and practicallypreferable to that secured by instrumental models of crime control, we then move on tooutline some of the current issues and challenges facing procedural justice research
This study has examined street crime in London, focusing on the causes of the ‘epidemic’ of 2000 ... more This study has examined street crime in London, focusing on the causes of the ‘epidemic’ of 2000 and 2001 and its decrease from November 2001. It has examined the impact of the early stages of the Street Crime Initiative (SCI) and other policing initiatives in one of the ten SCI areas, testing for geographical, functional and tactical displacement. The study was commissioned in response to concerns from local authorities and police about crime displacement occurring in areas outside the SCI. It was largely conducted over a six-month period from October 2002, examining the available statistics in detail. Displacement was assessed mainly by comparing street crime trends over time and place and by examining changes in the length of ‘journeys to work’ made by street offenders. This analysis was supplemented by 121 interviews. Of these 73 were conducted with street offenders who were asked about their patterns of offending, and their awareness of, and responses to, the SCI. Finally, poli...
This paper summarizes 'procedural justice' approaches to policing, contrasting these to... more This paper summarizes 'procedural justice' approaches to policing, contrasting these to the more politically dominant discourse about policing as crime control. It argues that public trust in policing is needed partly because this may result in public cooperation with justice, but more importantly because public trust in justice builds institutional legitimacy and thus public compliance with the law and commitment to the rule of law. Some recent survey findings are presented in support of this perspective.
This paper argues that victimological research on risks can contribute to the study of offender d... more This paper argues that victimological research on risks can contribute to the study of offender decision-making. It examines some of the problems in conventional approaches to the topic and discusses strengths and weaknesses of surveys of victimization as an additional source of information. It presents and discusses a conceptual framework for examining target selection, the key elements of which are proximity, yield, and accessibility. It presents a “worked example” in the shape of findings on burglary from the British Crime Survey.
FIDUCIA (New European Crimes and Trust-based Policy) seeks to shed light on a number of distincti... more FIDUCIA (New European Crimes and Trust-based Policy) seeks to shed light on a number of distinctively ‘new European’ criminal behaviours which have emerged in the last decade as a consequence of both technology developments and the increased mobility of populations across Europe. A key objective of FIDUCIA is to propose and proof a ‘trust-based’ policy model in relation to emerging forms of criminality – to explore the idea that public trust and institutional legitimacy are important for the social regulation of the trafficking of human beings, the trafficking of goods, the criminalisation of migration and ethnic minorities, and cybercrimes. In this paper we detail levels of trust and legitimacy in the 26 countries, drawing on data from Round 5 of the European Social Survey. We conduct a sensitivity analysis that investigates the effect of a lack of measurement equivalence on national estimates.
Trust in justice: why it is important for criminal …, 2011
Page 10. 10 2 WHY MEASURE TRUST IN JUSTICE? By Mike Hough and Mai Sato Europe has enjoyed a half-... more Page 10. 10 2 WHY MEASURE TRUST IN JUSTICE? By Mike Hough and Mai Sato Europe has enjoyed a half-century of unprecedented prosperity and tranquility. ... Messner and Rosenfeld, 2001, 2010) serve as good current variants on this line of thought. ...
International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2015
This entry addresses the question of how public compliance with the law is cultivated andsustaine... more This entry addresses the question of how public compliance with the law is cultivated andsustained. Exploring the nature and impact of legal authority, we first consider the empiricalevidence for instrumental and normative modes of compliance and social regulation. Afterdescribing procedural justice and legitimacy as the most effective way of securing normativecompliance with the law, and arguing that such compliance is ethically and practicallypreferable to that secured by instrumental models of crime control, we then move on tooutline some of the current issues and challenges facing procedural justice research
This study has examined street crime in London, focusing on the causes of the ‘epidemic’ of 2000 ... more This study has examined street crime in London, focusing on the causes of the ‘epidemic’ of 2000 and 2001 and its decrease from November 2001. It has examined the impact of the early stages of the Street Crime Initiative (SCI) and other policing initiatives in one of the ten SCI areas, testing for geographical, functional and tactical displacement. The study was commissioned in response to concerns from local authorities and police about crime displacement occurring in areas outside the SCI. It was largely conducted over a six-month period from October 2002, examining the available statistics in detail. Displacement was assessed mainly by comparing street crime trends over time and place and by examining changes in the length of ‘journeys to work’ made by street offenders. This analysis was supplemented by 121 interviews. Of these 73 were conducted with street offenders who were asked about their patterns of offending, and their awareness of, and responses to, the SCI. Finally, poli...
This paper summarizes 'procedural justice' approaches to policing, contrasting these to... more This paper summarizes 'procedural justice' approaches to policing, contrasting these to the more politically dominant discourse about policing as crime control. It argues that public trust in policing is needed partly because this may result in public cooperation with justice, but more importantly because public trust in justice builds institutional legitimacy and thus public compliance with the law and commitment to the rule of law. Some recent survey findings are presented in support of this perspective.
This paper argues that victimological research on risks can contribute to the study of offender d... more This paper argues that victimological research on risks can contribute to the study of offender decision-making. It examines some of the problems in conventional approaches to the topic and discusses strengths and weaknesses of surveys of victimization as an additional source of information. It presents and discusses a conceptual framework for examining target selection, the key elements of which are proximity, yield, and accessibility. It presents a “worked example” in the shape of findings on burglary from the British Crime Survey.
FIDUCIA (New European Crimes and Trust-based Policy) seeks to shed light on a number of distincti... more FIDUCIA (New European Crimes and Trust-based Policy) seeks to shed light on a number of distinctively ‘new European’ criminal behaviours which have emerged in the last decade as a consequence of both technology developments and the increased mobility of populations across Europe. A key objective of FIDUCIA is to propose and proof a ‘trust-based’ policy model in relation to emerging forms of criminality – to explore the idea that public trust and institutional legitimacy are important for the social regulation of the trafficking of human beings, the trafficking of goods, the criminalisation of migration and ethnic minorities, and cybercrimes. In this paper we detail levels of trust and legitimacy in the 26 countries, drawing on data from Round 5 of the European Social Survey. We conduct a sensitivity analysis that investigates the effect of a lack of measurement equivalence on national estimates.
Trust in justice: why it is important for criminal …, 2011
Page 10. 10 2 WHY MEASURE TRUST IN JUSTICE? By Mike Hough and Mai Sato Europe has enjoyed a half-... more Page 10. 10 2 WHY MEASURE TRUST IN JUSTICE? By Mike Hough and Mai Sato Europe has enjoyed a half-century of unprecedented prosperity and tranquility. ... Messner and Rosenfeld, 2001, 2010) serve as good current variants on this line of thought. ...
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